New Education Policy 2020

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History

Congress MP Siddheshwar Prasad criticised the then Govt for lack of vision in the education.

A 17 Member Committee was given the task to draft the first NEP under the chairmanship of UGC Chairman DS Kothari

First NEP was passed in 1968

Second NEP was passed in 1986 (a joint effort of Indira Gandhi & Rajiv Gandhi)

Second NEP was revised in 1992 by PM PV Narsimha Rao

Third and the latest, created by a panel of experts led by former ISRO chief K Kasturirangan...

AIM: To make India A Global Knowledge Superpower Again.

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Problems with previous policies:

Previous policies were focused on bringing equity and inclusion, with a lesser emphasis on quality of education.

This encouraged rot learning ( Ratta giri )...

Hard Separation of Streams: Humanities, Commerce & Science

High Drop out rates... RTE ne bohot had tak GRE ko primary level pe badaya he.. Par jese hi class 10 aati he waha se GRE bohot kam hone lagti he.

Very less vocational training during education... Only 5% receive jabki worldwide bohot jyada he... 52% US, 75% Germany & 96% South Korea.

Abhi esa hota he... ki agar koi bole ki me carpentering, elecrtrical work wagere sikh raha hu toh ushe ochi nazro se dekha jata he.. Sochte he ki ye toh humara kaam nahi he..

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Key Points:

PILLARS: Access, Equity, Quality, Affordability & Accountability.

To provide flexibility for learners to create their own learning trajectories which are not imposed on them by anyone.

To achieve 100% Gross Enrolment Rate in pre school through secondary school by 2035. (Jo baccha pre school me aaya he wo 12th karke hi niklega)

Online Education pe Focus.

MHRD will be rebranded as Ministry of Education.

More and more use of technology in the delivery of education

Indian language, arts aur culture ko promote kara jaega. Look @ https://youtu.be/RKK7wGAYP6k

GDP: Current 4% --> 6%

2040 tak puri policy completely operational hogi.. tab ek review kara jaega...

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Student

10 + 2 ---> 5 + 3 + 3 + 4

Pehle ye hota tha ki baccha sidha 1 - 10 me apne school level pe compete kar raha hai aur fir 10th me ushe sidha lakho baccho ke sath competition me chod diya jata hai. Lekin ab Govt ne ishe change kar diya he. Ab Bacche ka jyada star pe mulyankan hoga aur wo bhi competitive environment me jisse ki bacche ki suruat se hi aadad ban jaye.

Reduce the Curriculum.

Focus on the core concepts.

Exams will test knowledge, not ratne ki takat.

Coaching culture khatam karna he.

Student ka overall improvement karna he. Unhe manners, hygiene/teamwork, cleanliness, co operation sikhaya jaega shuruat se hi.

Moving towards a Semester based system.. to reduce the weight of bags.. to help introduce shorter modules .

Discovery based Learning and analysis based learning. (Sunne me kaffi aacha lag raha hai par hoga kese)

State school examinations will be there in Grade 3,5 and 8 in addition to Board exams.

Free boarding facilities banai jaegi.. Especially unke liye jo socio-economic backward se aate hai... Girls hostel bhi banae jaenge wit h special security arrangement.

By 2050, 50%+ ko vocational education diya jaega.

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Foundational -> Early Childhood Care & Education + Literacy & Numeracy

Inclusion of Pre School in the Formal Schooling

AIM: By 2030, to ensure all students entering Grade 1 are school ready.

Through: Standalone Anganwadis, Anganwadis co located with primary schools, standalone pre primary schools, pre primary along with primary schools.

Key Takeaways (ECCE):

Play-based learning.

On completion of Age 5, each child will be moved to a "Preparatory Class"

Mid day meal programme will be extended to ECCE students.

Research shows that a children picks up a language quickly between Age 2 and 8.. So Languages are introduced early to take the advantage of this.

Literacy & Numeracy

Key Takeaways (L&N):

Play-based Learning.

Focus on teaching the basic playing with numbers and conversation in a language so as to live a life dignified way.

Regular Health Checkups of students

Breakfast in the morning along with mid-day meal.

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Middle School:

Introduction of more abstract topics like science, social science, humanities, arts, mathematics, etc.

Vocational Training (Vocational training hota kya he?)

A fun year long course jaha baccho ko hands on experience milega kisi bhi 1 vocational training ka... matlab ki school khatam hote hote bacca kisi ek vocation me aacha hoga.. jo ushe future me fayda dega...

Basic training in health... Normal dawai patti karna.. Preventive Health batana.

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High School:

Multi-disciplinary building on the concepts learned during the Middle Age but with greater depth, greater critical thinking, greater attention to life, greater flexibility and student choice.

Board exams will be there.

Board exams will be made 'easier', in the sense that they will test the primary basic core concepts rather than months of coaching and memorisation. Saal me 2 baar hogi board ki pariksaen... First main examination aur second improve karne ke liye agar karna chahe toh..

Board Exams: Objective + Subjective

NTA: Will take entrance exams.... sabke liye entrance exams hogi ... aur private universities ko encourage kiya jaega ki ye score ka use kare.

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Teacher

Aims at filling teacher vacancies as soon as possible, especially in rural Bharat. ----> More Jobs Creation

Bohot saari scholarships di jaegi 4 year integrated B Ed karne ke liye.

Koshish kari jaegi ki logo ko local areas me hi job mile.

By 2030, 4 Year integrated B Ed minimum hoga teacher banne ke liye.. warna agar 3 yr degree li he to 2 years ki B Ed karni padegi.. aur agar 4 saal ki Bachelors degree kari he ... toh 1 saal ki B Ed karni padegi.

Jo gavvo me job karega, unhe incentives diye jaenge.

Excessive teacher transfers nahi honge. Only in special cases.

Interview & Classroom demo a must to hire a teacher.

Koi bhi teacher ab contract pe nahi hire kara jaega. Matlab saari naukri permanent hogi.

Teachers ko dusre kaamo me nahi lagaya jaega jese ki election, consensus, cooking of midday meal.

Sirf umar ke hisab se promotion nahi milega, A complete assessment will be there... Research work, peer reviews, attendance, commitment, etc dekha jaega promotion dete waqt.

The promotion will be based on work.. not chaplushi aur age.

Teachers ko administrative roles me involve kara jaega.

Higher education me job ke liye ek single entrance test hoga --> National Testing Agency legi.

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Institutions

Schools:

Stat: During 2016-17, around 1 Lakh single teacher schools the. Around 15% schools me 30 se kaam bacce the.

Itni choti schools ko running rakhna optimal aur economically viable bhi nahi he.

Schools ka cluster banana ya fir school premise ko bada karna. ---> School Clusters.

4 distinct roles of government ---> Sisodia wali baate.

Not for Profit Institutions. (Non-commercialisation of education)

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Career

For all UPSC Aspirants: Indian Education Service (IES) shuru hogi.. Ye log universities ke registar ki position lenge..

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Citizen's Responsibility:

If every literate member of the community commits to teaching one student how to read/write, it would change the country's landscape very quicky.

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University / Higher Education:

Current Situation:

The education ecosystem is highly distributed. More than 50000 HEI, a large proportion of which offers only one programme with fewer than 100 students.

The graduates are not industry-ready and need to be trained.

Rigid separation of streams (Bohot jaldi hi baccho ko streams decide karne ke liye keh diya jata he... aur agar ek baar ek stream me fas gaye to dusri stream me jaana muskil hota he ya fir embarrassing hota he.. Science -> Commerce.

Little or no research in universities except IITs.

Abhi problem he colleges universities ke under aate hai aur universities jyadatar decision leti he..

AIM

To make a global study destination. (Viswa Guru).

Key Vision:

Creating multi-disciplinary, research-oriented higher education institutions with at least 3000 students per institute.

At least one HEI(Higher Education Institution) in or near every district.

Ek hi regulatory body hogi (Abhi toh AICTE, UGC wagere he) except for legal or medical.

All Institutions -> Research Oriented Universities (RU), teaching universities (TU) and autonomous degree granting colleges (AC).

2040 Vision .. Step 1) Become Multidisciplinary ... Step 2) Increase enrolment to thousands. (Ye abhi jo saare institutions he unke liye he)

2035 Vision - Saare colleges ko self autonomous(academic aur administrative) banaya jaega. Wo apna syllabus, exam pattern, exam dates, etc decide kar paenge. Unhe kisi university pe depend rehne ki jarurat nahi hogi.

2030 Vision - Increase Gross Enrollment Ratio from 26.3 %(current) to 50% in Higher Education.

"Deemed to be university", "Affiliating university", "Affiliating technical university", "unitary university" ... Ye itne saare naam jo abhi use kare jaate he universities ke liye unhe nikal diya jaega... aur sirf "university" kaha jaega.

Abhi toh sab students ko paiso ki dood he... College karo, degree leo aur job karo.. But vision he ki student ko teamwork, peace, life skills, truth, non violence... ye saari chije sikhay jaye.. taki wo sirf industry-ready nahi ... desh ki seva ke liye bhi ready ho.

M. Phil will be discontinued.

Master's Degree --> PhD or Bacheleors degree (4 year) --> PhD

Assessment ke methods ko aur real world problems ke pass kara jaega, naki rattu popat banaya jaega..

Top 100 universities will be allowed to setup campuses in India.

Students ka involvment ko badhaya jaege decision making me.

National Scholarship portal ko aur aacha kara jaega taki koi bhi student paiso ki tangi ki wajah se padhai na chhode.

Teacher student ration == 1:10 to 1:20

Faculty ka promotion kaam ke basis pe hoga... chaplusi aur umr ke basis pe nahi.

Faculties ke liye bhi probation period hoga.

Creation of National Research Foundation.

Medical course bhi change hoga.. ECG nikalne ke liye degree ki jarurat nahi rahegi.

National higher education Regulatory Authority (NHERA) banai jaegi.

Undergraduate Degree: 3 or 4-year programme with multiple exit option.

1 Year - Certificate

2 Year - Diploma

3 Year - Degree

4 Year - Degree with research

Agar kisiko koi course karne ke kuch samay baad ye lage ki ye uske liye nahi he... toh uska saal waste nahi hoga.. ek Academic Bank of Credit banai jaegi jaha uske credits digitally store kare jaenge.. (Isko aache se samjhana).. Ye credit system foreign university me padhai beech me chhod di ho toh uske credits bhi count honge.

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Criticisms:

All the time, policies say that this should be done, this will be done... but ye nahi batati ki hoga kese... Implementation ke baare me kuch bhi nahi bataya gaya he.

Sports ki toh kahi baat hi nahi kari he.