The Atomic Theory - created from Mind Map

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Atomic Structure

Drawing Models

Chemical Bonding

Naming Chemical Compounds

Protons and neutrons are in the nucleus. Electrons are in the orbitals and circling the nucleus. The 1st orbital can hold 2 electrons. The 2nd orbital can hold 8 electrons. the 3rd orbital can hold 18 electrons.

The atomic number is equal to the number of protons in an atom. In a neutral atom, the number of electrons is equal to the amount of protons. The atomic mass (mass number) is the number of protons and neutrons in an atom. Find the number of neutrons by subtracting the atomic number by the atomic mass.

Isotopes have the same number of protons, but a different number of neutrons. An isotope for carbon (C-14) would have the same number of protons as all carbon atoms but a different number of neutrons. C-14 would have 14-6=8 and C-15 would have 15-6=9 neutrons.

The atomic structure includes protons and neutrons in the nucleus and electrons in their energy levels

The Bohr model doesn't include a nucleus, only the electrons in their energy levels

The Lewis structures use the symbol of the element with only the valence electrons surrounding the symbol.

All elements exept noble gases want to bond with other elements to form compounds. This is to get a full set of valence electrons.

1. Ionic bonds from between a metal and a non-metal and transfer electrons to each other. The metals form cations when they give away their valence electrons to the non-metals that from anions when they gain electrons.

2. Covalent bonds from between 2 non-metals that share electrons so that they have a full set of valence electrons between them

3. Metallic bonds from between 2 metals that share electrons

1. Write the metal (cation) firsthand put its oxidation number above it.

2. Write the non-metal (anion)second and write its charge. Then criss-cross the charges so that they become subscripts for the opposite element. Subscripts do not have a positive or negative symbol.

1. Determine how many elements by counting the number of capital letters. Determine if elements are metals or non-metals.

2. Turn to the right section of your foldable based on the above criteria, and follow the directions.