Topics

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Liquid water and its properties

Structure

Shape

Polarity

Hydrogen bonds

Surface tension

Cohesion/ Adhesion

Viscosity

Heat of solution

Define specific heat capacity

- q = mcΔ T

Water vapour and Ice

Structure of ice

Melting point

Boiling point

Density

Evaporation/ Condensation

Latent heat of Fusion (energy required to change from solid <--> liquid)

Latent heat of Vaporization ( energy required to change from liquid <--> gas)

Aqueous solutions

Water solubility/ Ksp and predicting it

Miscible/ Immiscible

Saturated/ Unsaturated

Supersaturated

Factors affecting solubility

- Henry's Law

Calculate morality

The solution process (dissolving ionic substances)

Double displacement

Acid and Bases

Define Arrhenius acid and bases

Bronsted-Lowry acid and bases

- Conjugate acid/ base

Lewis acid and bases

Calculate pH and pOH from concentrations of [H+] or [OH-]

Calculate [H+] [OH-] from pH and pOH

Weak and Strong acid/bases

Concentrated and dilute acid/ bases

Kw = [H+] [OH-] 1x10 ( to the power of -14)

The pH scale/ concept

Calculate a and Kb from measured pH

Calculate pH from initial concentration and Ka/ Kb

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