Molecules to cells summary

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Lecture 1

Prokaryotes include BACTERIA and ARCHEA

MODEL CELL SYSTEM

Have TWO types

LOWER EUKARYOTES -

YEAST = Used to look at genetic approaches and see how they work

HIGHER EUKARYOTES -

HeLa Cells = HUMAN TISSUE CELLS

Used to study the effects of drugs on mammalian cells

MODEL ANIMALS

Zebrafish = Study of vertebral development

Drosophila = Study of of classical genetics

Nematodes = Study of genomic translation

Zelleweger Syndrome = An imbalance of lipid metabolism.

CELL ORGANELLES

CYTOSOL

Where protein synthesis and intermediary metabolism.

CYTOPLASM

All fluid in plasma membrane Excluding nucleus.

NUCLEOLUS

Where ribosomal RNA transcription occurs and RNA subunits are assembled.

ENDOPLASMIC RETICULUM

Interconnected spaces enclosed by a single membrane

PANCREATIC CELLS HAVE LARGE AMOUNTS OF ER BECAUSE THEY ARE MAKING SECRETIONS.

SMOOTH ER

Used in LIPID SYNTHESIS.

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Lecture 2 -Protein targeting