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L4 Sympathetic nervous system and adrenergic neurotransmission

Usuario eliminado 10 preguntas Actualizado el 26 may 2019

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Preguntas del test (10)

  1. 1Acetylcholine is the neurotransmitter at all ganglia, sympathetic or parasympathetic, and acts at nicotinic (N1) receptors.
    1. AVerdadero
    2. BFalso
  2. 2Most sympathetic post ganglionic nerve endings have [blank_start]adrenergic[blank_end] receptors (adrenoceptors), which come in 2 types, [blank_start]alpha and beta[blank_end]. There are subtypes [blank_start]1 and 2[blank_end] for both alpha and beta receptors.
    Catecholamines act on several R types. Noradrenaline acts on [blank_start]alpha 1 and beta 1[blank_end]. Adrenaline acts on [blank_start]all adrenergic receptors[blank_end].
    1. Aadrenergic
    2. Balpha and beta
    3. C1 and 2
    4. Dalpha 1 and beta 1 receptors
    5. Eall adrenergic receptors
  3. 3Select all the systems on which catecholamines have inhibitory actions.
    1. AHeart
    2. BVasculature to the skin, membranes and kidney
    3. CSalivary and sweat glands
    4. DGut
    5. EBronchial tree
    6. FVasculature of the skeletal muscle
  4. 4Sympathetic affects on the heart, via [blank_start]beta 1[blank_end] receptor stimulation:
    • [blank_start]increased[blank_end] heart rate and contractility
    • [blank_start]increased[blank_end] AV node conduction
    • [blank_start]increased[blank_end] cardiac output
    Sympathetic affects on the lungs, via [blank_start]beta 2[blank_end] receptor stimulation:
    • [blank_start]decreased[blank_end] secretions
    • [blank_start]increased[blank_end] airway diameter (relaxed bronchial muscle)
    Sympathetic affects on the bladder:
    • Relaxation of the detrusor muscle (via [blank_start]beta[blank_end] receptors)
    • Contraction of the sphincter (via [blank_start]alpha 2[blank_end] receptors)
    1. Aincreased
    2. Bdecreased
    3. Cincreased
    4. Ddecreased
    5. Eincreased
    6. Fdecreased
    7. Gbeta 1
    8. Hbeta 2
    9. Ibeta 2
    10. Jbeta 1
    11. Kdecreased
    12. Lincreased
    13. Mincreased
    14. Ndecreased
    15. Obeta
    16. Palpha
    17. Qalpha 2
    18. Ralpha 1
  5. 5Blood vessels express alpha, beta, dopamine, histamine, and muscarinic receptors. SNS activation releases noradrenaline, adrenaline, and dopamine.
    Alpha 1 activation [blank_start]vasoconstricts[blank_end] vessels (arterioles) and [blank_start]decreases[blank_end] blood flow to unnecessary organs, so more blood can flow to where it's needed. Beta 2 [blank_start]vasodilates[blank_end] skeletal muscle beds and decreases overall vascular [blank_start]resistance[blank_end], increasing [blank_start]blood flow[blank_end] to muscles.
    1. Avasoconstricts
    2. Bdecreases
    3. Cvasodilates
    4. Dresistance
    5. Eblood flow
  6. 6Dopamine (DA) has 3 different concentration-dependent mechanisms:
    - Low [DA]: acts at [blank_start]dopamine 1[blank_end] receptors to dilate renal [blank_start]artery[blank_end], and increase [blank_start]kidney perfusion[blank_end].
    - Med [DA]: stimulates [blank_start]beta 2[blank_end] receptors to dilate [blank_start]skeletal muscle bed[blank_end], and decreases systemic vascular [blank_start]resistance[blank_end]
    - High [DA]: stimulates [blank_start]alpha 1[blank_end] receptors to cause vessel constriction and increase [blank_start]blood pressure[blank_end].

    All levels of dopamine [blank_start]increase[blank_end] kidney perfusion.
    1. Adopamine 1
    2. Bkidney perfusion
    3. Cartery
    4. Dbeta 2
    5. Eskeletal muscle bed
    6. Fresistance.
    7. Galpha 1
    8. Hblood pressure
    9. Iincrease
  7. 7Which of these is not a side effect of drugs that activate the SNS?
    1. ADecrease motility of large intestine, can cause constipation
    2. BCause pupillary dilation (may cause blurred vision)
    3. CCause piloerection (goose bumps)
    4. DCause perspiration (sweating)
    5. ECause dry mouth (may cause dysphagia)
  8. 8Sympathomimetic drugs are drugs that mimic the action of the [blank_start]sympathetic[blank_end] nervous system and are adrenergic [blank_start]agonists[blank_end]. They can be [blank_start]direct[blank_end] acting, and therefore selective for specific adrenergic receptors(or non-selective). They can also be [blank_start]indirect[blank_end] acting, by increasing the availability of [blank_start]noradrenaline/adrenaline[blank_end] to stimulate adrenoceptors.
    1. Aagonists
    2. Bsympathetic
    3. Cdirect
    4. Dindirect
    5. Enoradrenaline/adrenaline
  9. 9Entacapone and selegine are directly acting sympathomimetic drugs used to treat Parkinson's disease.
    1. AVerdadero
    2. BFalso
  10. 10Adrenergic [blank_start]antagonists[blank_end] are sympatholytics, i.e. they break the effects of the SNS. Many drugs [blank_start]interfere[blank_end] with the function of the SNS, and affect the [blank_start]physiology[blank_end] of sympathetically innervated organs. Several of these are important for the treatment of [blank_start]cardiovascular[blank_end] diseases(e.g. Beta blockers such as [blank_start]metoprolol[blank_end].)
    1. Aantagonists
    2. Binterfere
    3. Cphysiology
    4. Dcardiovascular
    5. Emetoprolol

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El usuario ha eliminado su información de asignaturas Test sobre L4 Sympathetic nervous system and adrenergic neurotransmission, creado por Usuario eliminado el 14/04/2019.
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Creado el 14 abr 2019 · actualizado el 26 may 2019
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