Test
L15 Clinical Pharmacology of Asthma
Este test tiene tipos de pregunta que se abren en el reproductor de siempre.
Preguntas del test (10)
1Ventilation occurs by contraction and relaxation of respiratory muscles, and the elastic [blank_start]recoil[blank_end] of connective tissue in lungs. Any disease that [blank_start]inhibits[blank_end] elastic recoil can cause ventilation issues.
Obstructive diseases affect inspiratory rate (e.g. [blank_start]asthma, COPD[blank_end]), whereas restrictive diseases affect inspiratory capacity (e.g. [blank_start]pulmonary fibrosis[blank_end]).- Arecoil
- Binhibits
- Casthma, COPD
- Dpulmonary fibrosis
2Selectivity is defined as a 10 fold (2 log order) difference in affinity between receptor subtypes.
- AVerdadero
- BFalso
3Choosing a selective drug helps to reduce on-target [blank_start]side effects[blank_end]. E.g. a Beta-2 agonist will have less effect on the heart than a [blank_start]non-selective[blank_end] Beta agonist.
If excessive doses are used then selectivity will be [blank_start]overcome[blank_end] and the drug will act on other receptor subtypes. E.g. the usual inhaled dose of [blank_start]salbutamol[blank_end] for acute asthma is 100 mcg, the dose used for severe asthma is 5 mg, 50 times more, and [blank_start]tachycardia[blank_end] is expected.- Aside effects
- Bnon-selective
- Covercome
- Dtachycardia
- Esalbutamol
4Long acting beta agonists have a long half life because of their long duration of activity.
- AVerdadero
- BFalso
5Because the off-rate of binding is slow, long acting M-antagonists will be more potent (the dose will be lower than for short acting).
- AVerdadero
- BFalso
6Drugs for bronchodilation:
- Short acting beta agonists — [blank_start]salbutamol, terbutaline[blank_end]
- Long acting beta agonists — [blank_start]salmeterol, formoterol, vilanterol[blank_end]
- Short acting muscarinic antagonists — [blank_start]ipratropium[blank_end]
- Long acting muscarinic antagonists — [blank_start]glycopyrronium, tiotropium, umeclidinium[blank_end]- Asalbutamol, terbutaline
- Bsalmeterol, formoterol, vilanterol
- Cipratropium
- Dglycopyrronium, tiotropium, umeclidinium
7Side effects of bronchodilators for low dose beta agonists are an increased [blank_start]heart[blank_end] rate. Effects of high doses can include an increased heart rate, tremor, nervousness, peripheral [blank_start]vasodilation[blank_end], sleep [blank_start]disturbances[blank_end], and decreased plasma [blank_start]potassium[blank_end].
Side effects of muscarinic antagonists are an increased heart rate and a [blank_start]dry[blank_end] mouth.- Aheart
- Bvasodilation
- Cdisturbances
- Dpotassium
- Edry
8Corticosteroid (anti-inflammatory) side effects:
— Inhaled low dose < [blank_start]500[blank_end] mcg/day (budesonide equivalents) - [blank_start]oral candidiasis[blank_end]
— Inhaled high dose < [blank_start]1200[blank_end] mcg/day (budesonide equivalents) - oral candidiasis, growth [blank_start]delays[blank_end] (not certain, and minor, reversible), occasional HPA axis [blank_start]suppression[blank_end]
— Prednisone 5 mg/day, long term (>2 weeks) - [blank_start]oedema, dyspepsia, cushingoid[blank_end] symptoms.- A500
- Boral candidiasis
- C1200
- Ddelays
- Esuppression
- Foedema, dyspepsia, cushingoid
9Lung delivery from MDI:
≈ [blank_start]20%[blank_end] gets to the active locations in the lungs (bronchioles)
≈ [blank_start]50%[blank_end] deposits onto the oropharynx and can then reach the stomach and is absorbed
≈ [blank_start]30%[blank_end] either deposits to other areas or is exhaled- A20%
- B50%
- C30%
10Systemic availability from lung delivery is clinically irrelevant.
- AVerdadero
- BFalso
Información
- Descripción
- El usuario ha eliminado su información de asignaturas Test sobre L15 Clinical Pharmacology of Asthma, creado por Usuario eliminado el 14/04/2019.
- Autor
- Usuario eliminado
- Idioma
- English
- Visitas
- 71
- Historial
- Creado el 14 abr 2019 · actualizado el 26 may 2019
- Etiquetas
- Valoración
- Aún sin valoraciones Valora este test