Test
L32 Clinical Pharmacolgy of T2DM
Este test tiene tipos de pregunta que se abren en el reproductor de siempre.
Preguntas del test (9)
1Insulin homeostasis:
- Under fasting conditions, insulin is released in a [blank_start]pulsatile[blank_end] manner every [blank_start]10-14[blank_end] mins.
- In response to increased glucose:
Phase 1: insulin release within [blank_start]seconds[blank_end], peak at [blank_start]3-5[blank_end] mins
Phase 2: more [blank_start]gradual[blank_end] release with a [blank_start]lower[blank_end] peak- Apulsatile
- B10-14
- Cseconds
- D3-5
- Egradual
- Flower
2Choose the incorrect statement about insulin.
- AInsulin acts on a plasma membrane receptor which activates a cascade of signalling events.
- BInsulin has anabolic effects resulting in uptake, use, and storage of glucose, lipids, and amino acids.
- CInsulin inhbits glycogenesis, lipogenesis, and protein synthesis.
- DInsulin controls gene transcription and mRNA translation.
3Which of these is not a diabetic medication used in NZ?
- AExogenous insulin
- BSulphonyureas
- CDPP-4 inhibitors
- DAlpha glucosidase inhibitors
- EBiguanides
- F1,4-DDPs
- GThiazolidinediones
4Sulphonylureas stimulate insulin release by binding to a specific site on the beta islet cell's [blank_start]KATP channel[blank_end] complex (SUR) and [blank_start]inhibiting[blank_end] its activity. Inhibition causes cell membrane [blank_start]depolarisation[blank_end] and insulin [blank_start]secretion[blank_end].
Their effect declines over [blank_start]time[blank_end] because of down-regulation of cell surface [blank_start]receptors[blank_end] and progression of beta islet cell failure.
Side effects are hypoglycaemia and initial [blank_start]weight[blank_end] gain, less-common side effects include nausea, vomiting, cholestatic jaundice, and agranulocytosis.- AKATP channel
- Binhibiting
- Cdepolarisation
- Dsecretion
- Etime
- Freceptors
- Gweight
5DPP-4 is dipeptidyl peptidase 4, a serine protease that is widely distributed throughout the body. It [blank_start]inactivates[blank_end] GLP-1. Inhibiting [blank_start]DPP-4[blank_end] cause increase in plasma [blank_start]GLP-1[blank_end], resulting in higher insulin secretion.
- Ainactivates
- BDPP-4
- CGLP-1
6Alpha glucosidase inhibitors reduce the intestinal [blank_start]absorption[blank_end] of starch, dextrin, and disaccharides by inhibiting the action of [blank_start]α-glucosidase[blank_end] in the intestinal brush border.
They are taken [blank_start]before[blank_end] each meal and not absorbed. They are often used in [blank_start]combination[blank_end] with other meds.
Side effects are malabsorption, flatulence, diarrhoea, and abdominal bloating.- Aabsorption
- Bα-glucosidase
- Cbefore
- Dcombination
7Biguanides include metformin. Metformin reduces [blank_start]hepatic[blank_end] glucose production by [blank_start]reducing[blank_end] gluconeogenesis.
It activates [blank_start]AMP-dependent protein kinase[blank_end] (AMPK), leading to stimulation of:
- hepatic [blank_start]fatty acid[blank_end] oxidation
- [blank_start]glucose[blank_end] uptake
- non-oxidative glucose [blank_start]metabolism[blank_end]
- [blank_start]reduction[blank_end] of lipogenesis and gluconeogenesis.
Side effects are GI: nausea, indigestion, abdominal cramps, bloating, diarrhoea.- Ahepatic
- Breducing
- CAMP-dependent protein kinase
- Dfatty acid
- Eglucose
- Fmetabolism
- Greduction
8Thiazolidinediones are PPAR-gamma inhibitors that cause insulin sensitisation.
The PPARγ receptor is a [blank_start]nuclear hormone receptor[blank_end] involved in the regulation of genes related to [blank_start]glucose and lipid metabolism[blank_end]. PPARγ receptors are expressed primarily in adipose tissue. They promote uptake of circulating fatty acids into [blank_start]fat[blank_end] cells, and glucose uptake into [blank_start]muscle and adipose[blank_end] tissue. They [blank_start]reduce[blank_end] insulin resistance.
Side effects are weight [blank_start]gain[blank_end] and oedema.- Anuclear hormone receptor
- Bglucose and lipid metabolism
- Cfat
- Dmuscle and adipose
- Ereduce
- Fgain
9SGLT2 is a Na+-glucose cotransporter located in the proximal portion of the [blank_start]renal[blank_end] tubule. It reabsorbs [blank_start]glucose[blank_end]. SGLT2 inhibitors [blank_start]block[blank_end] glucose transport thus [blank_start]lowering[blank_end] blood glucose.
Side effects:
- A 1%-2% increase in lower [blank_start]urinary tract[blank_end] infections.
- A 3%-5% increase in [blank_start]genital[blank_end] mycotic infections.
- Mild [blank_start]diuresis[blank_end], which can lead to hypotension.
- Effectiveness decreases by 40%–80% in kidney disease (GFR 60–30 mL/min). - Arenal
- Bglucose
- Cblock
- Dlowering
- Eurinary tract
- Fgenital
- Gdiuresis
Información
- Descripción
- El usuario ha eliminado su información de asignaturas Test sobre L32 Clinical Pharmacolgy of T2DM, creado por Usuario eliminado el 16/04/2019.
- Autor
- Usuario eliminado
- Idioma
- English
- Visitas
- 44
- Historial
- Creado el 16 abr 2019 · actualizado el 26 may 2019
- Etiquetas
- Valoración
- Aún sin valoraciones Valora este test