Heartburn - created from Mind Map

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Abdullah 55 years old

Felt in the chest and the reason is a problem in the GIT system

Swallowing

Gastric Acid Secretion Mechanisms

Causes of dysplasia

GERD Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease

H.Pylori

Anatomy of upper GI

Hitology

Esophagus

Gastroesophageal junction

Stomach

Esophagus

Gastroesophageal junction

Stomach

Fundus/Body

Pylorus

deglutition from placement of food in the mouth through the oral and pharyngeal stages of the swallow until the material enters the esophagus through the cricopharyngeal juncture

3 receptors

H+/K+ ATPase or "proton pump"

Muscarinic receptors (ACh)

Gastrin

H2 receptors (Histamine)

Mutations in a developing fetus' DNA

Differential Diganosis

Neurological Disorder

Motor-end-plate-disorder

Muscular disorder

Obstructive lesions

Congenital Anomalies

Cerebrovascular accident

Parkinson's Disease

Brain stem tumors

Degenerative diseases

Peripheral neuropathy

Myasenthia gravis

Polymyositis

Dermatomyositis

Muscular dystrophy

Cricopharyngeal achalasia

Tumors

Mediastinal masses

Inflammatory masses

Trauma/surgical resection

Zenker's diverticulum

Esophageal web

Extrinsic structural lesions

Anterior mediastinal lesions

Cervical spondylosis

Lymphadenopathy

Substernal thyroid

Cerebral palsy

Cleft lip palate

S&S

Risk factors

Diagnosis

Complications

Lifestyle modifications:

Management

Chest pain

Difficulty swallowing

Regurgitation

Chronic cough

Laryngitis

Disrupted sleep

Obesity

Pregnancy

Smoking

certain medications

Upper endoscopy

Ambulatory acid (pH) probe test

X-ray

Esophageal manometry

Esophagitis Might develop to:

Strictures

Barrett's esophagus

Elevation of bed head

Weight loss

Avoid :

Small frequent meals

No eating 3 hrs before sleeping

Smoking

Alcohol

Fatty meal

Chocolate

Spicy food

H2 receptor antagonist

PPI

Misoprostol

Sucralfate

Antacis

H. Pylori attacks the lining of the stomach >> acid can get through the lining >>ulcer formation

S&S

Risk Factors

Diagnosis

Treatment

Complications

ache or burning pain

Nausea

Loss of appetite

Bloating

Frequent burping

Living in crowded conditions

Living without a reliable supply of clean water

Living in a developing country

Living with someone who has an H. pylori infection

Invasive

Non-invasive

Histology

Upper gastrointestinal endoscopy

Urea breath test

Stool antigen test

Ulcers

Chronic gastritis

Gastric Adenocarcinoma