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Basic Concepts of Organic Chemistry
Fichas del conjunto (20)
- 1Define the term 'Homologous Series'A homologous series of organic compounds that have the same function group and increase by CH2 with each successive member
- 2Define what is meant by 'Functional Group'The functional group of a compound are the group atoms responsible for the characteristic properties of a compound
- 3What does 'Aliphatic' mean?Carbon atoms are joined to each other in branched or unbranched chains
- 4What does Alicyclic mean?Carbon atoms are joined together in a ring/cyclic structure
- 5What does Aromatic mean?If something is aromatic then some or all of its carbon atoms are found in a benzene ring
- 6Define Structural IsomerismStructural Isomers have the same molecular formula, but a different structural formula
- 7What is steoreoisomerism?Stereoisomerism is when isomers have the same structural formula but a different arrangement in space
- 8E/Z isomerism is an example of what type of isomerism?Stereoisomerism
- 9What is cis-trans isomerism?It is a special case of E/Z isomerism in which two of the substituent groups are the same
- 10What happens in an addition reaction?Two reactants join to form one product
- 11What happens in a substitution reaction?What an atom/group of atoms is replaced by another atom/group of atoms
- 12What happens in an elimination reaction?Elimination reactions involve the removal of a smaller molecule from a larger one
- 13Empirical Formula =the simplest whole number ratio of atoms of each element present in a compound
- 14Structural Formula:the minimal detail that shows the arrangement of atoms in a molecule
- 15Molecular Formula:the actual number of atoms present of each element in a compound
- 16General Formula:the simplest algebraic formula of a member of a homologous series
E.g/ Alkanes = CnH2n+2 - 17Displayed Formula:the relative positioning of atoms and the bonds between them
- 18Skeletal Formula:the simplified organic formula, shown by removing hydrogen atoms from alkyl chains, leaving just the carbon skeleton and the associated functional groups
- 19Describe what happens during homolyctic fissionWhen a covalent bond breaks by homolyctic fission, each of the bonded atoms takes one of the shared pair of electrons from the bond, forming two radicals
- 20Describe what happens during heterolyctic fissionWhen a covalent bond breaks by heterolyctic fission, one of the bonded atoms takes BOTH the shared pair of electrons. This forms a positive ion (the atom that didn't take any electrons) and a negative ion (the atoms that took both electrons)
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- Usuario eliminado · nov 2016
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- Creado por Bee Brittain · 17 abr 2016
- Copiado por Tariq hudda · 30 nov 2016
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