Fichas
Flashcards
Fichas del conjunto (42)
- 1Delocalised electronsElectrons that are not associated with any single atom or any single covalent bond
- 2Metallic bondingThe electrostatic force of attraction between the nuclei of metal cations and delocalised electrons
- 3MalleabilityCan be hammered or pressed into different shapes
- 4DuctilityCan be drawn into wire
- 5Ionic bondingThe strong electrostatic attraction between oppositely charged ions
- 6Ionic bond strengthThe amount of energy requried in one mole of solid to separate the ions to infinity (i.e. to the gas phase)
- 7Coordination numberThe coordination number of an ion the number of opppositely charged ions touching it
- 8IsoelectronicAtoms have the same number of electrons and hence, the same electron configuration
- 9CationPositive ion
- 10AnionNegative ion
- 11Bond lengthThe distance between nuclei of the two atoms that are covalently bonded together
- 12ElectronegativityThe ability of an atom to attract a bonding pair of electrons
- 13Polar covalent bondA type of covalent bond between two atoms where the bonding electrons are unequally distributed. Because of this, one atom carries a slight negative charge and the other a slight positive charge.
- 14Discrete (Simple) moleculeAn electrically neutral group of two or more atoms held together by chemical bonds
- 15Displaced (Full structural) formulaShows each bonding pair as a line drawn between the two atoms inolved
- 16Dative covalent bondA covalent bond in which both electrons in the bond are supplied by onlu one of the atoms involved in forming the bond
- 17Covalent bondThe strong electrostatic attraction between the nuclei of two atoms and the bonding pair of electrons.
- 18How is a covalent bond formed?By the overlap of two atomic orbitals each containing a single electron
- 19What determines the shape of a simple molecule/ion?The repulsion between the electron pairs that surround the central atom
- 20VSEPRValence Shell Electron Pair Repulsion Theory
- 21DipoleA dipole is said to exist when two charges of equal magnitude but opposite signs are separated by a small distance
- 22London forcesInstantaneous dipole-induced dipole interaction
- 23Permanent dipole interactionThe force resulting from the favourable or unfavourable interaction between two molecules that possess a permanent charge asymmetry
- 24Hydrogen bondAn intermolecular interaction (in which there is some evidence of bond formation) between a hydrogen atom of a molecule (or molecular fragment) bonded to an atom which is more electronegative than hydrogen and another atom in the same or a different molecule
- 25Intermolecular interactionsInteractions between molecules
- 26Van der Waals forceThe sum of all the intermolecular interactions between the molecules. The term includes London forces and permanent dipole-dipole interactions.
- 27Non-polar moleculeA molecule in which individual dipoles cancel each other out, resulting in no net dipole
- 28Polar moleculeA molecule in which individual dipoles reinforce each other out, resulting in an overall dipole
- 29Trend in boiling temperatures of alkanesIncreasing with increasing chain length
- 30Volatile liquidOne with a low boiling temperature
- 31Anomalous properties of water resulting from hydrogen bondingRelatively high melting and boiling points & ice is less dense than water
- 32Effect of branching in the carbon chain on the boiling temperature of alkanesBranched chain alkanes have lower boiling temperatures than their unbranched isomers
- 33Enthalpy of vaporisationA measure of the amount of energy that is required to completely separate the molecules of a liquid and convert it into a gas at the same temperature
- 34Test for unsaturation in moleculesBromine turns from yellow to colourless in unsaturated solutions
- 35AlkenesA homologous series of hydrocarbons with the general formula \(C_nH_{2n+2}\)
- 36AlcoholsA homologous series of hydrocarbons with the general formula \(C_nH_{2n+1}OH\)
- 37Hydration energyThe energy released when an ion is surrouned by water molecules
- 38Metal latticesA regular arrangement of poisitive metal ions surrounded by delocalised electrons
- 39Another name for giant covalent latticesNetwork covalent lattices
- 40Bonding in diamondEach carbon atom forms four sigma bonds to four other sigma bonds
- 41GraphenePure carbon in the form of a very thin sheet, one atom thick
- 42Examples of molecular latticesSulfur, white phosphorus, buckminster fullerence, dry ice, sucrose, solid alkanes (Such as paraffin wax)
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- Creado por Niamh Ryan · 21 ago 2017
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