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Preguntas del test (111)
1Which of the following makes up about 60% of the body weight?
- AMajor minerals
- BProteins
- CTrace minerals
- DWater
2Water intake is governed by...
- AThirst
- BSodium intake
- CSatiety
3Hard water has high concentrations of....
- ACalcium
- BMagnesiums
- CSodium
- DProtein
4Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of water?
- AIts molecules resist being crowded together
- BIt is a universal solvent
- CIt acts as a lubricant around joints
- DIt dissolves amino acids, glucose and minerals
5Water excretion is regulated by...
- ABrain
- BKidney
- CStomach
6What is the first sign of dehydration?
- AThirst
- BConfusion
- CHeadache
- DFatigue
7Which of the following helps prevent changes in the acid-base balance of body fluids?
- AProteins
- BVitamins
- CMineral salts
8A person's absorption of calcium varies based on...
- AAge
- BVitamin D status
- CGender
9Which of the following stabilizes bones and make teeth resistant to decay?
- ACadmium
- BChloride
- CMercury
- DFluoride
10Which of the following is the most abundant mineral in the body?
- ACalcium
- BPhosphorus
- CIron
- DSodium
11Major roles of calcium in the body's fluids include all of the following EXCEPT...
- ARegulates the transport of ions across cell membranes
- BHelps maintain normal blood glucose
- CEssential for muscle contraction
12For women and men in the 19 to 50 year old range, the calcium DRI is ________________ milligrams.
- A600
- B800
- C1000
13The best way to obtain calcium you need is to...
- AConsume more spinach, rhubarb and Swiss chard
- BConsume more milk, cheese and yogurt
- CEat more cottage cheese and frozen yogurt
14The chief ion used to maintain the volume of fluid outside cells is
- APotassium
- BSodium
- CCalcium
15Adults in the U.Ss consume on average of ___________ 3300 milligrams per day of sodium
- A500
- B1200
- C2400
- D3300
16The more processed a food is..
- AThe more sodium it contains
- BThe less potassium it contains
- CThe less sodium it contains
17Which of the following is the principal positively charged ion inside body cells?
- AMagnesium
- BPotassium
- CSodium
18Sulfate is adequate in a diet that contains sufficient...
- AProtein
- BFat
- CCarbohydrates
19Over half of the body's magnesium is stored in the...
- Abones
- Bteeth
- Ckidneys
20The principal food source of chloride is..
- ASalt
- BAnimal Products
- CPlants
21Which of the following must be available for thyroxine to be synthesized?
- AIodine
- BIron
- CZinc
- DFlouride
22Which of the following foods provides the least amount of available zinc?
- ALegumes
- BMeats
- CPoultry
- DShellfish
23The best source of phosphorus is...
- AAnimal protein
- Bfruit
- Cgrain products
24Which of the following foods has the lowest percentage of water?
- AMargarine
- BFresh apples
- CChinese cabbage
- Dlean steak
25Which of the following agencies is responsible for ensuring the public water systems meet minimum protection of public health?
- AEnvironmental Protection Agency
- BFood and Drug Administration
- CFood Safety and Inspection Service
26Which of the following would you look for on the label of bottled water to signify safety?
- AA trademark of the international bottled water association
- BA symbol of the Food and Drug administration
- CA label with the terms "mountain spring water"
27Which of the following minerals harden and stabilizes the crystals of teeth and makes the enamel resistant to decay?
- ACalcium
- BFluoride
- CChloride
28Low blood selenium correlates with development of...
- ABreast cancer
- BProstate cancer
- CStomach cancer
29Chromium works closely with...
- AInsulin
- BCollagen
- CHemoglobin
30Which of the following best describes the fluoride content of bottled water?
- AHigh
- BLow
- CModerate
- DUnpredictable
31Which of the following foods provides the highest amount of zinc?
- ALegumes
- BShellfish
- CSpinach
- DWhole-grain bread
32Which characteristic of water is represented by its ability to act as a lubricant?
- AAbility to act as a solvent
- BHeat holding capacity
- CIncompressibility (Not able to be compressed)
33A friend informs you that she is planning to purchase a water softener. Which of the following statements would be most appropriate for you to make to your friend?
- ASoft water appears to aggravate hypertension and heart disease, which is is undesirable
- BSoft water has higher concentrations of calcium and magnesium than hard water; which is desirable
- CHard water makes more bubbles with less soap than soft water and is more desirable
34How much water and fluid beverages (in cup) should a man consume each day, under moderate environmental conditions and given a normal diet?
- A6
- B9
- C13
- D15
35Which of the following groups absorbs the least amount of calcium?
- AAdults
- BChildren
- CInfants
36Which of the following statements is true?
- APeople develop their peak bone mass during the first 4 decades of life
- BThe bones begin to lose density after 40 years of age regardless of calcium intake
- CThe skeleton no longer adds bone density after 20 years of age
37Which of the following would be the best selection to provide good sources of calcium in the diet?
- AButtermilk, cream cheese and almonds
- BCheese, cream and broccoli
- CMilk, yogurt and ice milk
- DKefir, butter and cottage cheese
38How much sodium is consumed by a person who eats 2 grams of salt?
- A400 mg
- B800mg
- C1000 mg
- D1200 mg
39You are working with a child in a health clinic who has growth retardation, impaired immunity and poor appetite. This child is most likely experiencing ___________ deficiency.
- AIron
- BChromium
- CZinc
- DMagnesium
40Your best friend complains that she is tired all of the time and has a problem concentrating. In addition, she likes to chew ice. Which of the following is you friend likely to have?
- AIron deficiency
- BMagnesium deficiency
- CPotassiums deficiency
41Which of the following would you consume with a food source of iron in order to facilitate iron absorption ?
- Atea, and a soy protein hamburger
- BCoffee and wheat bran muffins
- CTomato and meat, fish and poultry
42Many people today are drinking bottled water because they believe it is safer than tap water. Which of the following statements is accurate?
- ABottled water has been withdrawn from an underwater spring so its naturally pure
- BAll bottled water has been filtered by the manufacturer to remove contaminants
- CAt least a quarter of the bottled water is drawn directly from the tap
43What are the best beverages to drink ?
- ASports drinks because they replace important minerals missing from the diet
- BHard water because it has a high concentration of calcium and magnesium
- CSoft water because it replaces sodium that is lost from the body
44When your body gives the thirst signal, it is important to....
- AConsider drinking fluids in the near future to prevent dehydration
- BDrink fluids to relieve the symptoms of dehydration
- CDrink large volumes of plain water to prevent water intoxication
45During exercise activity the body will cool down by...
- AIncreasing urination to carry heat away through the kidneys
- BSweating to carry heat away from the surface of the body.
- CUsing the water from metabolism to cool the body core
46When you eat pizza, the body will respond to high sodium intake in the ingredients by....
- AControlling water movements tightly to prevent any fluctuations in body weight
- BShifting water back into the bloodstream to reduce the sodium concentration
47When a child has a virus that has caused vomiting and diarrhea over several days' time it is critical for her to receive medical care because..
- Aher fever will cause her to retain too much extra fluid
- Bshe may need help in replacing extreme fluid losses
- Cher kidneys will pump extra fluids into the blood streams
48It is critical for body cells to maintain fluid and electrolytes balance by...
- AIncreasing intake of sodium when a person becomes dehydrated
- BHaving water move from dilute fluid outside the cell into concentrated fluid
- Ckeeping the majority of water outside the cells
49Phosphorus is critical to the acid-base balance in cells because of its role in...
- ACreating phospholipids to carry fats through the blood
- BCreating buffers to maintain a correct pH
- CTransporting sodium from the cells
50Magnesium is an important mineral that works with calcium in the body to...
- AIncrease bone density
- BMaintain acid-base balance in the cells
- CHelp muscles contract and relax
51If a person has a deficient intake of calcium in the diet, what will be the result?
- AReduced absorption rate of calcium by the body
- BA gain of body weight
- CNo change in levels of calcium in the blood because calcium will be pulled from the bones
52A person is consuming 1000mg a day of sodium preservatives in processed foods along with 2000mg of added salt from the salt shaker on his foods. Is this less than the UL for sodium established by the DRI committee?
- ANo, 3000 total milligrams of sodium exceeds the UL
- BYes, 1800 total milligrams of sodium is within the UL
- CYes, 3000 total milligrams of sodium exceeds the UL
53The DASH diet is more effective in reducing blood pressure than just decreasing sodium alone because it includes which of the following...
- AGreatly increase intakes of fruit and vegetables
- BReduce the intake of dairy products
- CEliminate grain products from diet
- DAdd moderate amounts of salt to prepare foods
54When trying to get adequate iron intake in your diet it is helpful to...
- AConsider adding supplements because they are better absorbed than iron in food
- BEat non-heme iron found only in plants because it is absorbed more efficiently
- CCombine vitamin C foods with non-heme iron to increase absorption
55Is there a possibility of harm to the body in healthy people with high intakes of iron?
- ANo, because the body adjust the amount of iron absorbed
- BYes, because of high intakes of vitamin C supplements by many people
- CNo, because non-heme iron blocks the absorption of heme iron
56What effect does zinc deficiency have on the body?
- AIt has a very small effect because zinc has only one role in the body
- BIt impairs the immune response leading to increased
- CIron absorption will be reduced because it needs zinc for transports
57Which of the following statements about selenium levels is the body is accurate?
- ASelenium works as an antioxidant to protect body chemicals from oxidative damage
- BThere is no danger of toxicity when taking selenium in supplements
- CIt is difficult to obtain enough selenium from foods in the diet
58Which of the following ethnic groups has the highest bone density ?
- AAfricans
- BMexican Americans
- CHispanics
- DAsians
59Osteoporosis is most often associated with...
- AUnderweight
- BHeavier body weights
- CExercise
60A young woman wanting to build maximum bone density should do all of following except...
- AIncrease her intake of meat protein
- BReduce her sodium intake
- CLimit her intake of regular cola drink
61Which of the following is not a health risk associated with deficient body fat?
- AIncreased risk during hospitalization
- BIncreased risk of developing hypertension
- CIncreased risk for individuals fighting a wasting disease
- DIncreased chance of death from cancer
62Excess body fatness is associated with an increased risk of...
- ASome cancers
- BGallbladder disease
- CDiverticular disease
63The theory that a person with more adipose tissue containing energy - wasting proteins will be leaner is referred to as the...
- AEnzyme theory
- BFat cell theory
- CBrown fat theory
- DThermogenesis theory
64The psychological desire to eat is referred to as...
- ASatiety
- BAppetite
- CHunger
- DObesity
65All of the following are involved in signaling satiation except...
- AThe stomach
- BThe brain's hypothalamus
- CThe small intestine
- DThe heart
66Waist circumference reflects the degree of __________ in proportion to body fatness
- AGynoid obesity
- BSubcutaneous fat
- CVisceral fatness
67A body mass index of 25.0 to 29.9 in an adult indicates...
- ANormal weight
- BOverweight
- CUnderweight
- DObesity
68Excess fat around the ________ represents a greater risk to health than excess fat elsewhere on the body...
- AHips
- BCentral abdominal area
- CShoulders
- DChest
69A woman of normal weight may have, on the average, ________ percent
- A5%
- B10%
- C15%
- D20%
70One pound of body fat is equal to ______ calories
- A2500
- B3000
- C3500
- D4000
71Which of the following statements about basal metabolism is true?
- AIt supports the work that goes on all the time
- BIt is directly controlled by the hormone throxine
- CIt accounts for the smallest component of the average person's daily energy expenditure
72The three kinds of energy nutrients can be stored in the body as...
- AGlycogen
- BFat
- CWater
73Which of the following is not a true statement?
- ACarbohydrate from food is especially easy for the body to store as fat
- BProtein is used to build muscles in response to exercise
- CAlcohol delivers calories and encourages fat storage
- DAny food can make you fat it you eat enough of it
74In early food deprivation, the nervous system cannot use _____ as fuel.
- AGlucose
- BFat
- CProtein
- DCarbohydrates
75A healthy person starting with average body fat can live totally deprived of food for as long as 6 to 8 weeks due to....
- AKetosis
- BAcidosis
- CThermogenesis
76A very-low-carbohydrate diet may be accompanied by...
- AKetosis
- BSubstantial fat loss
- CSlow weight loss
77All of the following factors are associated with a higher basal metabolic rate except...
- AStarvation
- BStress
- CFever
- DYouth
78Nutrition authorities agree that staple foods of high protein, low carbohydrate diets clearly raise the risk for....
- AOsteoporosis
- BHeart and artery disease
- CCancer
79Nutrition authorities agree that the staple foods of high-protein, low carbohydrate diets clearly raise the risk for....
- AHeart and artery disease
- BCancer
- COsteoporosis
80Successful weight maintainers
- AExercise regularly
- BKeep track of food intake and exercise habits
- CWait until severely hungry to eat
81Older people generally need less energy than younger people due to...
- ASlowed basal metabolic rate
- BDeclines in lean body mass
- CDecreases in height
82Quick, large changes in weight are more likely the result of all of the following except...
- AChanges in fat
- BChanges in body fluid content
- CChanges in electrolytes and fluid balance
- DChanges in lean tissues such as muscles
83About ________ percent of a meal's energy value is used up in stepped - up metabolism in the five or so hours following each meal...
- A1 - 5
- B5 - 10
- C10 - 15
84A person who diets without exercising...
- AWill never lose body weight
- BOften becomes trapped in weight cycling
- CWill be more susceptible to regaining weight lost
85Which of the following is based on weight and height and used in clinical setting to assess weight status?
- ABMI
- Bfatfold test
- CBio-electrical impedance
- DDual energy X-ray absorptiometry
86A person trying to gain weight should ...
- AParticipate in physical activity
- BEat more frequently
- CEat faster
87Which of the following strategies would be appropriate for an obese individual with BMI of 40 or above who is healthy?
- AAn herbal supplement
- BSurgery such as gastric bypass
- CLiposuction or lipectomy
88Body mass index is unsuitable for use with...
- AAdolescents
- BAthletes
- CPregnant Women
89Hunger makes itself known roughly _______ hours after.
- A1-2
- B2-3
- C3-5
- D4-6
90The Committee on DRI links high-protein diets with increase risk of...
- ACancer
- BOsteoporosis
- CMalnutrition
91Complications immediately following obesity surgery often include all of the except...
- AVitamin and mineral deficiencies
- BInfection
- CNausea
92Heath professional advise people to engage in activities of _____ for weight loss.
- ALow to moderate intensity
- BLong duration
- CHigh intensity
93John routinely consumes 7,000 calories per day in excess of his energy expenditure. How much body fat would John store per day as a result of this practice?
- A1 pound
- B2 pounds
94You are weighing a team of football players and according to the BMI values they appear to be obese. Which of the following would you most likely conclude?
- ATheir muscle weight is probably responsible for the elevated scale weight
- BTheir bones may be well mineralized, which contributes to their weights
- CThe majority of them are probably obese and should make effort to lose weight
95James is trying to gain weight. Which of the following would you suggest to help James with his goal?
- AChoose milkshakes instead of milk
- BDrink black coffee
- CDrink beverages with meals
- DSkip dessert
96Mary has a waist circumference of 38 inches. Based on this information you conclude that...
- AShe develops dat centrally
- BShe has a large amount subcutaneous fat
- CShe is at an increased risk for disease
97Johnnie's father is 5'11" and weighs 165 pounds, while his mother weigh 164 pounds and is 5'2" tall. Johnnie's chances of becoming obese are at least ________%.
- A10
- B20
- C30
- D40
98Paul is 19 year old athlete who is 6' tall and weighs 178 pounds; Rick is a 40 year old salesman who weigh 165 pounds and is 5'7" tall. Who would have the higher basal metabolic rate?
- ARick
- BPaul
99Donna weighs 160 pounds. How many grams of fat should Donna consume in order to meet the DRI recommendation, if she consumes 1600 calories a day?
- A20 - 45
- B35 - 62
- C45 - 70
- D>70
100The accumulation of excess visceral fat in the body may lead to health complication because...
- AThe fat is more quickly mobilized and released into the bloodstream as HDL cholesterol
- BIt can lead to chronic inflammation which has been linked to heart disease
- CThe fat distribution is resistant to physical exercise
101A 55 Year Old woman with a BMI of 31 and waist circumference of 37 whose father and grandfather dies of heart disease is at _______ risk of developing heart disease.
- ALow
- BIncreased
- CHigh
- DVery high
102When determining the BMR for an individual it is important to consider which of following factors that will affect the rate ?
- AThe number of hours the person sleeps, because BMR increases during sleep
- BThe amount of daily physical activity, because it increases BMR
- CThe amount of muscle mass because BMR decreases with additional muscles tissue
103A woman who is a varsity soccer player has BMI of 32, a waist circumference of 32 and 30 percent body fat. What would you say about her body composition?
- AShe is obese and at risk for developing chronic diseases
- BShe has a high level of visceral fat accumulation
- CHer body composition is fine because she will gain weight pregnancy
104If a person who uses fasting to lose weight, how will his or her body react ?
- AThe body will increase the speed of metabolism to burn energy
- BThe body will break down fat into ketone bodies to provide fuel
- CThe body will become internally cleansed
105The most important time of the day to eat when you are trying to lose weight is....
- ABreakfast because it may help reduce food intake all day long
- BAfter 7 p.m because you will have enough energy to get through the night
- CMid-day so you will not be tempted to snack before dinner
106Which of the following is not a component of fitness?
- ABalance
- BFlexibility
- CMuscle strength
- DCardiovascular endurance
107Which of the following enhances flexibility?
- AStretching
- BAerobic activity
- CCalisthenics
- DWeight training
108Muscles respond to the overload of exercise by gaining
- AStrength
- Bfat
- CSize
109Characteristics of cardiorespiratory endurance include
- AIncreased cardiac output and oxygen delivery
- BReduced blood pressure.
- CIncreasing resting pulse
110In the early minutes of an activity, ______ provides the majority of energy the muscles use to go into action
- AMuscle glycogen
- BLiver glycogen
- CProtein
111As physical activity continues which of the following flows into the bloodstream to signal the liver and fat cells to liberate their stored energy nutrients?
- AThyroxine
- BEpinephrine
- CLactic acid
Información
- Descripción
- Test sobre Sin título, creado por Aldwin James el 12/04/2018.
- Autor
- Aldwin James
- Idioma
- English
- Visitas
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- Valoración
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