Test
Urinalysis
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Preguntas del test (36)
1Why is the first-voided morning urine specimen the most desirable specimen for routine urinalysis?
- AMost dilute specimen of the day and therefore any chemical compounds present will not exceed the detectability limits of the reagent strips
- BLeast likely to be contaminated with microorganisms because the bladder is a sterile environment
- CMost likely to contain protein because the patient has been in the orthostatic position during the night
- DMost concentrated specimen of the day and therefore it is more likely that abnormalities will be detected
2The physical characteristics of color is assessed when a routine urinalysis is performed. What substance is normally found in urine that is principally responsible for its yellow coloration?
- ABilirubin
- BMelanin
- CCarotene
- DUrochrome
3In certain malignant disorders, what substance is found in the urine that turns the urine dark brown or black on exposure of the urine to air?
- AUrobilinogen
- BIndican
- CMelanin
- DPorphyrin
4What is the expected pH range of a freshly voided urine specimen?
- A3.5-8.0
- B3.5-9.0
- C4.0-8.5
- D4.5-8.0
5Urine specimens should be analyzed as soon as possible after collection. If urine specimens are allowed to stand at room temperature for an excessive amount of time, the urine pH will become alkaline because of bacterial decomposition of
- AProtein
- BUrea
- CCreatinine
- DKetones
6Which term is defined as a urine volume in excess of 2000mL excreted over a 24-hour period?
- AAnuria
- BOliguria
- CPolyuria
- DHypersthenuria
7The reagent test strips used for the detection of protein in urine are most reactive to
- AAlbumin
- BHemoglobin
- CAlpha-globulins
- DBeta-globulins
8A urine specimen that exhibits yellow foam of being shaken should be suspected of having an increased concentration of
- AProtein
- BHemoglobin
- CBilirubin
- DNitrite
9How should controls be run to ensure the precision and accuracy of the reagent test strips used for the chemical analysis of urine?
- APositive controls should be run on a daily basis and negative controls when opening a new bottle of test strips
- BPositive and negative controls should be run when the test strips' expiration date is passed
- CPositive and negative controls should be run on a daily basis
- DPositive controls should be run on a daily basis and negative controls on a weekly basis
10The colorimetric reagent strip test for protein is able to detect as little as 5-20mg of protein per deciliter. What may cause a false-positive urine protein reading?
- AUric acid concentration is greater than 0.5 g/day
- BVitamin C concentration is greater than 0.5 g/day
- CGlucose concentration is greater than 130 mg/day
- DpH is greater than 8.0
11"Isosthenuria" is a term applied to a series of urine specimens from the same patient that exhibit a
- ASpecific gravity of exactly 1.000
- BSpecific gravity less than 1.007
- CSpecific gravity greater than 1.020
- DFixed specific gravity of approximately 1.010
12A urine specimen is tested by a reagent strip test and the sulfosalicylic acid test to determine whether protein is present. The former yields a negative protein, whereas the latter results in a reading of 2+ protein. Which of the following statements best explains this difference?
- AThe urine contained an excessive amount of amorphous urates or phosphates that caused the turbidity seen with the sulfosalicylic acid test
- BThe urine pH was greater than 8, exceeding the buffering capacity of the reagent strip, thus causing a false-negative reaction
- CA protein other than albumin must be present in the urine
- DThe reading time of the reagent strip test was exceeded (the reading being taken at 2 minutes), causing a false-negative reaction to be detected
13Which of the following is the major organic substance found in urine?
- ASodium
- BPotassium
- CGlucose
- DUrea
14Each of the following is included in the quality assurance program for a urinalysis laboratory.. Which one represents a preanalytical component of testing?
- ASetting collection guidelines for 24-hour urines
- BSetting a maintenance schedule for microscopes
- CReporting units to be used for crystals
- DRequiring acceptable results for control specimens before any patient results are reported out
15The presence of ketone bodies in urine specimens may be detected by use of a reagent strip impregnated with sodium nitroprusside. This strip test is sensitive to the presence of
- AAcetoacetic acid and beta-hydroxybutyric acid
- BAcetoacetic acid and acetone
- CDiacetic acid and beta-hydroxybutyric acid
- DAcetone and beta-hydroxybutyric acid
16A routine urinalysis is performed on a young child suffering from diarrhea. The reagent test strip is negative for glucose but positive for ketones. These results may be explained by which of the following statements?
- AThe child has Type 1 diabetes mellitus
- BThe child is suffering from lactic acidosis, and the lactic acid has falsely reacted with the impregnated reagent area for ketones
- CThe child is suffering from increased catabolism of fat because of decreased intestinal absorption
- DThe reagent area for ketones was read after the maximum reading time allowed
17The principle of the colorimetric reagent strip test for hemoglobin is based on the peroxidase activity of hemoglobin in catalyzing the oxidation of a dye with peroxide to form a colored compound. This method may yield false-positive results for the presence of hemoglobin when the urine specimen contains
- AAscorbic acid
- BTetracycline
- CMyoglobin
- DNitrite
18A reagent test strip impregnated with a diazonium salt such as diazotized 2,4-dichloroaniline may be used to determine which analyte?
- AGlucose
- BKetone
- CHemoglobin
- DBilirubin
19Which of the following will contribute to a specimen's specific gravity if it is present in a person's urine?
- A50-100 RBC/hpf
- B85 mg/dL glucose
- C3+ amorphous phosphates
- Dmoderate bacteria
20With infections of the urinary system, WBCs are frequently seen in the urine sediment. What type of WBC is seen the most frequently in urine sediment?
- AEosinophil
- BLymphocyte
- CMonocyte
- DNeutrophil
21A random urine is collected from a patient and the results obtained are as follows: urine albumin = 16 mg/dL and urine creatinine = 140 mg/dL. These findings are consistent with
- AMicroalbuminuria
- BMacroalbuminuria
- CNephrotic syndrome
- DObstructive jaundice
22To detect more easily the presence of casts in urine sediments, which microscopic method can be used?
- AFluorescent microscopy
- BPhase-contrast microscopy
- CPolarized microscopy
- DBrightfield microscopy
23Which substance found in urinary sediment is more easily distinguished by use of polarized microscopy?
- ALipids
- BCasts
- CRBCs
- DKetone bodies
24"Glitter cell" is a term used to describe a specific type of
- AKetone body
- BOval fat body
- CFatty droplet
- DNeutrophil
25The final phase of degeneration that granular casts undergo is represented by which of the following casts?
- AFine
- BCoarse
- CCellular
- DWaxy
26A 40-year-old female patient with a history of kidney infection is seen by her physician because she has felt lethargic for a few weeks. She has decreased frequency of urination and a bloated feeling. Physical examination shows periorbital swelling and general edema, including a swollen abdomen. Significant urinalysis results show the following:
color = yellow; appearance = cloudy/frothy; specific gravity = 1.022; pH = 7.0; protein = 4+; 0-3 WBC/hpf; 0-1 RBC/hpf; 10-20 hyaline casts/lpf; 0-2 renal epithelial cells/hpf; 0-1 granular casts, 0-1 fatty casts/lpf; occasional oval fat bodies. Her serum chemistries show significantly decreased albumin, increased urea nitrogen, and increased creatinine. These findings suggest which condition?- AMultiple myeloma
- BGlomerulonephritis
- CNephrotic syndrome
- DChronic renal failure
27A 47-year-old female patient with controlled type 2 diabetes mellitus complains of urinary frequency and burning. She provides a first-morning, clean-catch specimen. Results show color= yellow; appearance = cloudy, pH = 6.5; a representative microscopic high-power field is shown in Color plate 46. Which of the following is true for this patient?
- Athe number of bacteria seen would result in a positive nitrite
- Bthe major formed elements are white blood cells and yeast
- Cthe type and number of epithelial cells suggest incorrect sample collection
- Dthe RBCs would be sufficient to give a positive blood result on the reagent strip
28[blank_start]Uromodulin (Tamm-Horsfall glycoprotein)[blank_end] is the major component of casts made by the renal tubular epithelial cells.
- AUromodulin (Tamm-Horsfall glycoprotein)
29[blank_start]Oval fat bodies[blank_end] are renal tubular epithelial cells that have absorbed highly refractile lipids and may indicate [blank_start]nephrotic syndrome[blank_end].
- AOval fat bodies
- Bnephrotic syndrome
30Melanuria is produced from the amino acid [blank_start]tyrosine[blank_end] and it indicates [blank_start]malignant melanoma[blank_end].
- Atyrosine
- Bmalignant melanoma
31Alkaptonuria, a rare hereditary disease, is characterized by the urinary excretion of
- AAlkaptone
- BPhenylalanin
- C5-Hydroxyindole acetic acid
- DHomogentisic acid
32A 22-year-old female CLS student performs a urinalysis on her own urine as part of lab class. Significant results include: color= yellow; appearance = cloudy; pH = 7.5; nitrite = positive; leukocyte esterase = 2+; 25-40 WBC/hpf; 0-3 RBC/hpf; 2-5 squamous epithelial cells/hpf; moderate bacteria. All other chemistries and microscopic results were normal. These findings suggest
- AGlomerulonephritis
- BUpper urinary tract infection
- CLower urinary tract infection
- Dnephrolithiasis
33Metastatic carcinoid tumors arising from the enterochromaffin cells of the gastrointestinal tract are characterized by increased excretion of urinary
- ASerotonin
- B5-Hydroxytryptophan
- CHomogentisic acid
- D5-Hydroxyindole acetic acid (5-HIAA)
34Some clinical conditions are characterized by unique urinalysis result patterns. Which of the following shows such a relationship?
- ANephrotic syndrome: positive protein on reagent strip, negative protein with sulfosalicylic acid
- BIntensive dieting: increased ketones, negative glucose
- CMultiple myeloma: positive protein by both reagent strip and sulfosalicylic acid
- DCystitis: positive nitrite and protein
35Nitrite in a urine specimen suggests the presence of
- AWhite blood cells
- BRed blood cells
- CBacteria
- DYeasts
36If a fasting plasma glucose level of 100mg/dL is obtained on an individual, what is the expected fasting cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) glucose level in mg/dL?
- A25
- B50
- C65
- D100
Información
- Descripción
- Urinalysis Test sobre Urinalysis, creado por Bob Smith el 08/03/2019.
- Autor
- Bob Smith
- Idioma
- English
- Visitas
- 11
- Etiquetas
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