The Chest Wall

1. 1The following questions will be about the thoracic cage. First, drag and drop the correct labels to describe the bones of the thoracic cage.

   

   1. A1st sternocostal joint
   2. BTrue ribs (1-7)
   3. CFalse ribs (8-12)
   4. DJugular notch
   5. EClavicular notch
   6. FManubrium of the sternum
   7. GSternal angle
   8. HBody of the sternum
   9. IXiphisternal joint
   10. JXiphoid process
   11. KIntercostal spaces
   12. LCostal cartilage
   13. MCostal margin
   14. NFloating ribs (11 and 12)
2. 2On the lateral edges of the manubrium, there is a facet for articulation with...

   1. AThe first rib
   2. BThe second rib
   3. CThe clavicle
   4. DThe body of the sternum
3. 3What occurs on the manubrium which will articulate with the second rib?

   1. AFacet
   2. BDemi-facet
   3. CTubercle
   4. DSpine
4. 4The sternal angle marks the articulation of the manubrium with the body of the sternum. What else does it mark?

   1. AThe level of the second rib's costal cartilage
   2. BThe level of the first rib's costal cartilage
   3. CThe level of the clavicle
   4. DThe level of the carina
5. 5Which ribs articulate with the body of the sternum?

   1. ARibs 2-7
   2. BRibs 1-2
   3. CRibs 3-6
   4. DRibs 1-12
6. 6At what level is the tip of the xiphisternum found?

   1. AT10
   2. BT11
   3. CT12
   4. DL1
7. 7The xiphisternum is a largely cartilaginous structure which ossifies completely around the age of 40.

   1. AVerdadero
   2. BFalso
8. 8Drag and drop the correct labels to describe the sternum.

   

   1. AClavicular notch
   2. BJugular notch
   3. CCostal cartilage of 1st rib
   4. DManubrium
   5. ESternal angle
   6. FBody of sternum
   7. GXiphisternal joint
   8. HXiphoid process
   9. ICostal notches
   10. J2nd
   11. K3rd
   12. L4th
   13. M5th
   14. N6th
   15. O7th
9. 9What is meant by a 'true rib'?

   1. AA rib that attaches to the sternum directly via a synovial joint
   2. BA rib that attaches to the costal cartilage of another rib by a synovial joint and thus does not articulate with the sternum directly
   3. CA rib with a complete lack of anterior attachment
   4. DA rib that attaches to the costal cartilage of another rib by a secondary cartilaginous joint and thus does not articulate with the sternum directly
10. 10What is meant by a 'false' rib?

    1. AA rib that attaches to the costal cartilage of another rib via a synovial joint with its costal cartilage and thus does not articulate with the sternum directly
    2. BA rib that attaches directly to the sternum via a synovial joint
    3. CA rib that attaches to the costal cartilage of another rib via a secondary cartilaginous joint with its costal cartilage and thus does not articulate with the sternum directly
    4. DA rib that has a complete lack of anterior attachment

11. 11Floating ribs...

    1. ALack any anterior attachment
    2. BLack any posterior attachment
    3. COnly attach to the superior ribs
    4. DForm synovial joints directly with the sternum
12. 12Which ribs are the true ribs?

    1. A1-7
    2. B1-10
    3. C1-8
    4. D1-5
13. 13Which ribs are the false ribs?

    1. A8-12
    2. B10-12
    3. C11 and 12
    4. D7-12
14. 14Which ribs are the floating ribs?

    1. A1 and 2
    2. B11 and 12
    3. C8-12
    4. D1-7
15. 15The typical rib consists of a head, neck and body/shaft. Where does the tubercle of the typical rib occur?

    1. AWhere the neck meets the body
    2. BWhere the neck meets the head
    3. CWhere the body meets the head
    4. DAt the end of the head
16. 16How many articular facets does the typical rib have on its head?

    1. A2
    2. B1
    3. C3
    4. D4
17. 17Which is true of the articular facets on the heads of the typical ribs?

    1. AOne articulates with the numerically corresponding vertebra and the other articulates with the vertebra above
    2. BOne articulates with the numerically corresponding vertebra and the other articulates with the vertebra below
    3. COne articular facet articulates with the numerically corresponding vertebra
    4. DOne articulates with the numerically corresponding vertebra and the other articulates with the transverse process of the same vertebra
18. 18What does the tubercle of the typical rib articulate with?

    1. AThe transverse process of the corresponding vertebra
    2. BThe superior costal facet of the corresponding vertebra
    3. CThe inferior costal facet of the corresponding vertebra
    4. DThe spinous process of the corresponding vertebra
19. 19What occurs on the internal surface of the typical rib to house the intercostal vein, artery and nerve?

    1. ACostal groove
    2. BCostal notch
    3. CCostal sulcus
    4. DIntercostal groove
20. 20Drag and drop the correct labels to describe this typical rib.

    

    1. ASuperior articular facet
    2. BInferior articular facet
    3. CHead
    4. DNeck
    5. ETubercle
    6. FFacet
    7. GAngle
    8. HCostal groove
21. 21Which ribs are described as 'atypical' as they have features that are not common to all the ribs?

    1. A1
    2. B2
    3. C3
    4. D4
    5. E11
    6. F12
    7. G7
    8. H8
    9. I9
    10. J10
22. 22How many facets occur on the head of the atypical rib 1?

    1. A1
    2. B2
    3. C4
    4. D3
23. 23There are two grooves on the superior surface of the 1st rib. Why?

    1. AHouses the subclavian vessels
    2. BHouses the intercostal nerve, artery and vein
    3. CAttaches the middle scalene muscle
    4. DAttaches the anterior scalene muscle
24. 24Drag and drop the correct labels to describe the anatomy of the atypical first rib and its muscular attachments.

    

    1. ASubclavius muscle
    2. BGrooves for subclavian vessels
    3. CAnterior scalene muscle
    4. DSerratus anterior muscle
    5. EMiddle scalene muscle
    6. FTubercle
    7. GNeck
    8. HHead
25. 25How many articular facets does the atypical rib 2 have on its head?

    1. A1
    2. B2
    3. C3
    4. D4
26. 26Drag and drop the correct answers to describe the anatomy of the second rib and its muscular attachments.

    

    1. AHead
    2. BNeck
    3. CTubercle
    4. DAngle
    5. EPosterior scalene muscle
    6. FSerratus anterior
27. 27Why is the 10th rib described as atypical?

    1. AThe 10th rib only has one facet on its head
    2. BThe 10th rib has no tubercle
    3. CThe 10th rib has no subcostal groove
    4. DThe 10th rib has three facets on its head
28. 28The 11th and 12th ribs have no neck.

    1. AVerdadero
    2. BFalso
29. 29How many articular facets occur on the heads of the 11th and 12th ribs?

    1. A1
    2. B2
    3. C3
    4. D4
30. 30Which ribs operate via a 'pump-handle' motion during ventilation?

    1. ATrue ribs
    2. BFalse ribs
31. 31Which ribs operate via a 'bucket-handle' motion during ventilation?

    1. ATrue ribs
    2. BFalse ribs
32. 32Drag and drop the correct answers to show how the ribs articulate with the thoracic vertebrae.

    

    1. ASuperior articular facets
    2. BCostal demifacet for 10th rib
    3. CArticular facet of 6th rib's tubercle
    4. DTransverse processes
    5. ESpinous process
    6. FAxis of rib rotation
    7. GTubercle of rib
    8. HVertebral body
    9. IHead of rib
    10. JIntervertebral disc
33. 33Which thoracic vertebra's superior facet will not be a demifacet?

    1. AT1
    2. BT10
    3. CT11 and 12
    4. DT7
34. 34Which vertebrae has a single pair of whole facets across the vertebral body and pedicle?

    1. AT10
    2. BT11 and T12
    3. CT1
    4. DT2
35. 35Which vertebra has a single pair of entire costal facets located on the pedicles?

    1. AT11 and T12
    2. BT10
    3. CT1
    4. DT7
36. 36Drag and drop the correct labels to describe the ligaments of the ribs.

    

    1. ATransverse process (cut)
    2. BRadiate ligament
    3. CCostotransverse ligament
    4. DLateral costotransverse ligament
    5. ESuperior costotransverse ligament
    6. FIntertransverse ligament
37. 37Drag and drop the correct labels to describe the ligaments of the rib shown in this transverse section.

    

    1. ASynovial cavities
    2. BRadiate ligament
    3. CInterarticular ligament
    4. DSuperior articular facet
    5. ESuperior costotransverse ligament (cut)
    6. FCostotransverse ligament
    7. GLateral costotransverse ligament
38. 38The following questions will be about the muscles of the chest wall and thorax. First, drag and drop the correct labels to describe the layers of the chest wall.

    

    1. ALung
    2. BPleural cavity
    3. CVisceral pleura
    4. DParietal pleura
    5. ESerratus anterior
    6. FExternal intercostal muscle
    7. GInternal intercostal muscle
    8. HInnermost intercostal muscle
    9. ISkin
    10. JSuperficial fascia
    11. KIntercostal vein
    12. LIntercostal artery
    13. MIntercostal nerve
    14. NCollateral branches
    15. OEndothoracic fascia
39. 39The following questions will be on the diaphragm. Which of the following are the peripheral attachments of the diaphragm?

    1. ACostal cartilages of ribs 7-10
    2. BDirect articulation with ribs 11 and 12
    3. CXiphisternum
    4. DLumbar vertebrae and arcuate ligaments
    5. EDirect articulate with ribs 7-10
    6. FBody of the sternum
    7. GThoracic vertebrae
40. 40The right and left crura of the diaphragm are tendinous in structure. Where does the right crus of the diaphragm arise from?

    1. AL1-L3 and their intervertebral discs
    2. BL1 and L2 and their intervertebral discs
    3. CTransverse processes of L1
    4. DXiphisternum
41. 41The right and left crura of the diaphragm are tendinous in structure. Where does the right crus of the diaphragm arise from?

    1. AL1 and L2 and their intervertebral discs
    2. BL1-L3 and their intervertebral discs
    3. CXiphisternum
    4. DRibs 1 and 2
42. 42The fibres of which crus of the diaphragm surround the oesophageal opening to form a physiological sphincter?

    1. ARight crus
    2. BLeft crus
43. 43What do the fibres of the diaphragm combine to form, which ascends to fuse with the interior surface of the fibrous pericardium?

    1. ACentral tendon
    2. BRight and left crura
    3. CDiaphragmatic pericardium
    4. DRight and left domes
44. 44Why does the right dome of the diaphragm sit higher than the left?

    1. APresence of the liver
    2. BThere is no heart on the right side
    3. CPresence of the stomach
    4. DDifferent embryological origins
45. 45The caval hiatus (T8) acts as a conduit for...

    1. AInferior vena cava
    2. BTerminal branches of right phrenic nerve
    3. COesophagus
    4. DRight and left vagus nerve
    5. EOesophageal branches of left gastric artery/vein
    6. FAorta
    7. GThoracic duct
    8. HAzygous vein
46. 46The oesophageal hiatus (T10) in the diaphragm acts as a conduit for...

    1. AOesophagus
    2. BRight and left vagus nerves
    3. COesophageal branches of left gastric artery/vein
    4. DInferior vena cava
    5. ETerminal branches of right phrenic nerve
    6. FAorta
    7. GThoracic duct
    8. HAzygous vein
47. 47The aortic hiatus (T12) acts as a conduit for...

    1. AAorta
    2. BThoracic duct
    3. CAzygous vein
    4. DOesophagus
    5. ERight and left vagus nerves
    6. FOesophageal branches of left gastric artery/vein
    7. GInferior vena cava
    8. HTerminal branches of right phrenic nerve
48. 48The diaphragm is the primary muscle of respiration.

    1. AVerdadero
    2. BFalso
49. 49When does the diaphragm contract and flatten?

    1. AInspiration
    2. BExpiration
50. 50The left and right hemidiaphragms receive innervation from left and right phrenic nerves respectively.

    1. AVerdadero
    2. BFalso
51. 51What spinal roots supply the phrenic nerves?

    1. AC3, C4, C5
    2. BC1 and C2
    3. CC6 and C7
    4. DC2, C3, C4
52. 52The majority of the arterial supply to the diaphragm is achieved by the inferior phrenic arteries. Where do these arise from?

    1. AAbdominal aorta
    2. BThoracic aorta
    3. CRenal arteries
    4. DCoeliac trunk
53. 53Drag and drop the correct answers to describe the diaphragm from a posterior view.

    

    1. ACentral tendon
    2. BVena caval opening
    3. CMedial arcuate ligament
    4. DLateral arcuate ligament
    5. ERight crus
    6. FLeft crus
    7. GAortic opening
    8. HOesophageal opening
    9. ICostal fibres
    10. JSternal fibres
54. 54Drag and drop the correct labels to describe the diaphram and surrounding neurovasculature.

    

    1. ALeft phrenic nerve
    2. BLeft pericardiacophrenic artery
    3. CRight phrenic nerve
    4. DRight pericardiacophrenic artery
    5. ERight vagus nerve
    6. FOesophagus
    7. GInferior vena cava
    8. HCentral tendon
    9. IPhrenic nerves
    10. JInferior phrenic arteries
    11. KLeft vagus nerve
    12. LInternal thoracic arteries
    13. MOesophageal hiatus
    14. NAortic hiatus
    15. OSuperior epigastric artery
    16. PMusculophrenic artery
    17. QRight crus
    18. RAbdominal aorta
55. 55The following questions will be on the muscles of the thoracic wall. How many external intercostal muscle pairs do we have?

    1. A11
    2. B12
    3. C13
    4. D14
56. 56The external intercostal muscles are continuous with the external oblique of the abdomen

    1. AVerdadero
    2. BFalso
57. 57What is the function of the external intercostal muscles?

    1. AElevation of the ribs during inspiration
    2. BDepression of the ribs during expiration
58. 58In what orientation do the fibres of the external intercostals run from the superior rib to the rib below?

    1. AInferoanteriorly
    2. BInferoposteriorly
59. 59What are the internal intercostal muscles continuous with?

    1. AExternal oblique
    2. BInternal oblique
    3. CTransversus abdominis
60. 60In what orientation do the fibres of the internal intercostal muscles run from the superior rib to the rib below?

    1. AInferoposteriorly
    2. BInferioanteriorly
61. 61The interosseus part of the internal intercostals elevates the ribcage whilst the interchrondral part depresses the ribcage.

    1. AVerdadero
    2. BFalso
62. 62What separates the innermost intercostal muscles from the internal intercostal muscles?

    1. AThe intercostal neurovascular bundle
    2. BThe external intercostal muscles
    3. CThe serratus anterior muscle
    4. DThe musculophrenic arteries
63. 63What does the interosseus part of the innermost intercostals do?

    1. ADepresses the ribcage
    2. BElevates the ribcage
64. 64What does the interchondral part of the innermost intercostal muscles do?

    1. AElevates the ribcage
    2. BDepresses the ribcage
65. 65What is the function of the transversus thoracis?

    1. AWeak depression of the ribs
    2. BWeak elevation of the ribs
66. 66The transversus thoracis are continuous with the transversus abdominis.

    1. AVerdadero
    2. BFalso
67. 67The transversus thoracis arise from...

    1. APosterior surface of inferior sternum
    2. BAnterior surface of inferior sternam
    3. CInternal surfaces of costal cartilages 2-6
    4. DExternal surfaces of costal cartilages 2-6
68. 68The transversus thoracis inserts at...

    1. AThe internal surface of costal cartilages 2-6
    2. BThe external surface of costal cartilages 2-6
    3. CThe posterior surface of the inferior sternum
    4. DThe anterior surface of the inferior sternum
69. 69Which muscles run from the internal surface of one rib to the second and third ribs below?

    1. ASubcostals
    2. BTransversus thoracis
    3. CInternal intercostals
    4. DInnermost intercostals
70. 70The subcostal muscles share the direction of fibres of the innermost intercostal muscles and the action of the intercostal muscles.

    1. AVerdadero
    2. BFalso

Descripción

Medicine Anatomy of Systems Test sobre The Chest Wall, creado por Charlotte Jakes el 09/05/2020.

Autor

Charlotte Jakes

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