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HS Study Practice
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Preguntas del test (28)
1Pre-historic health had a reliance on archeological records.
- AVerdadero
- BFalso
2Life expectancy was 30 to 50 years in the pre-historic period.
- AVerdadero
- BFalso
3There was no access to pathogens because there was limited mobility and no domesticated animals.
- AVerdadero
- BFalso
4The Neolithic Revolution was -10,000 – 3,000 years ago
- AVerdadero
- BFalso
5What were the struggles in the Neolithic Revolution?
- AClimate change
- BPopulation growth, not enough animals to hunt or plants to harvest.
- CSickness
6What were the changes in the Neolithic Period?
- ADevelopment of social hierarchies, political states, and civilizations
- BPeople are now living close to animals. Rise in disease
- CReligion
7What are the two major roles of the sick?
- AThe child
- BThe outcast
- CThe patient
8 Illness is an automatic consequence of an act or experience
- AMystical
- BAnimalistic
- CMagical
9Illness is caused by a personal supernatural being (ancestors, ghosts, spirits or gods)
- AAnimalistic
- BMystical
- CMagical
10 A malicious human being uses secret means to make someone sick
- AMagical
- BAnimalistic
- CMystical
11Aspects of Supernatural Medicine in Mesopotamia
- AOmen-based framework of disease.
- BSickness was a judgement and a punishment.
- CCode of Hammurabi (1750 BC)
- DReligious diseases
12Health in ancient Egypt meant you had a peaceful relationship with the gods and spirits
- AVerdadero
- BFalso
13There was a rise in medical profession and some specialization in Ancient Egypt.
- AVerdadero
- BFalso
14Who was Imotep, polymath and Physician
- ADefied as a God, had healing shrines around Egypt.
- BPhysician in Egypt
15What is anatomy
- AStudy of the body (what)
- BStudy of how the body functions (how)
16What is Physiology
- AStudy of the body (what)
- BStudy of how the body functions (how)
17Egyptians and Medicine
- ASupernatural view of disease, learned body through mummification
- B70-day process, small organs removed. Moisture removed, body wrapped
- CSmall incisions in left side to not damage body, brain pulled out with hook
- DAll organs but heart removed, believed soul was in heart.
- ELol
18Hippocrates (Father of Modern Medicine)
- AHippocrates Collection (50 Texts)
- BMedicine should be science. Saw value of anatomy, wasn't allowed to dissect.
- CHippocratic Oath (How doctors should practice, promise to follow ethical standards.)
- Dlol
194 Humors of Health?
- A-Blood: (Hot and wet. Air and Spring. Crucial for nutrition, health and growth.). Sanguine.
- B-Yellow Bile: (Hot and Dry. Earth In the liver and gall bladder. Fire. Summer. Digestion.) Choleric.
- CPhlegm: (Wet and Cold. Winter and Water. Clear fluids: Saliva, tears, urine, mucus. Flushed out impurities.). Phlegmatic.
- D-Black Bile: (Earth and Autumn. Cold and dry. Helped to solidify stool, retentive virtue.) Melancholic.
- Elol
20Erasistratus (304-250BCE)
- A-Doesn’t believe in the humors or circulatory system, believes in mechanistic principles.
- BBelieves arteries held pneuma, and veins held blood.
- C-Food is taken from intestines to liver via the portal vein. Food is then transformed into blood and taken to vena cava. (Some blood is diverted to right ventricle, nourishing the lungs.
- D-Compared heart to smiths bellows (pumping capacity).
- Elol
21Galen (129-216 CE)
- ASpread humoral theory, 1400 year influence.
- BArgued ideal physician should be familiar with Greek philosophy. Agreed with Hippocrates’ view of medical caretakers.
- CDissection is forbidden during his time.
- DPublished hundreds of texts on the human body. Picks and chooses from older ideas of physiology.
- Elol
22Aristotle (384-322 BCE)
- AConsidered the first anatomist. Studied mammals. Founder of biology. (Dissected 500 animals, dissected animals exclusively.)
- BConcerned where the soul was. Believed heart was the centre of vascular system.
- CDidn’t understand blood circulation in body. Knew blood was in arteries and veins.
- DHad a teleological view. Every part of the body has it’s purpose.
- Elol
23Herophilus (325 -255 BCE)
- ANoticed Arteries are thicker than veins. Believed arteries contain blood and pneuma.
- BInterested in pulses, nerves & brain. Begins to figure out how brain operates. Believes brain is most important.
- CLike Erasistratus, practiced dissection and vivisection (exclusively on criminals, as a death sentence.)
- Dlol
24Galenic Anatomy 3 Systems:
- A1. Brain, spinal chord, nerves (motor & sensory)
- B2. Heart + arteries (vital source)
- C3. Liver + veins (nutrition of body)
- Dlol
25Galen’s Cardiopulmanary System (Telological View)
- A1) Food is consumed, absorbed + transformed in liver into blood with natural spirit
- B2) Blood flows from liver, throughout body like water in an irrigation ditch (non-circulating)
- C3) Food is consumed, absorbed + transformed in liver into blood with natural spirit
Blood flows from liver, throughout body like water in an irrigation ditch (non-circulating)
Blood passes through pores in heart, where vital spirit is added, lungs cool the heart - D4) Blood flows outward from left ventricle to all parts of body
- Elol
26Q: What prevented people from dissection (before)? A: 3 Cultural Ideas: Corpse, Skin, Cutting.
- ACorpse: A corpse pollutes the area, you, and everything around it. So they had to “purify” the body through rituals and ceremonies. Religious practice. Doctors didn’t want to be seen as “polluted.”
- BSkin: Seen as sacred in Greek culture bc. It’s seen as a “natural boundary to not be crossed” and the idea of wholeness (no cutting).
- CCutting: Cutting or harming the body was associated with violence. You are doing someone harm.
- Dlol
27Q: Why did dissection happen?
- AA: The king at the time (Ptolemy) allowed it. No democracy to vote against it. Patronage (financial, donation of bodies). Ptolemy wants to create cultural centre. Frontier in hellonistic empire. Aristotle’s ideas (stoics, epicureans. The body is nothing but matter, therefore not sacred.)
- Blol
28Q: Why did dissection stop?
- AWhen H & E died, dissection/vivisection died out. Rulers withdrew support. Empricism (anti-dissection. Believe dissection alters the body, is unecessary. Only results, the ability to cure, matters.) Ratjonalists. (Pro-dissection.) Dogmatists. (Pro.)
- Blol
Información
- Descripción
- Test sobre HS Study Practice, creado por Hannah Howard el 15/09/2022.
- Autor
- Hannah Howard
- Idioma
- English
- Visitas
- 1
- Valoración
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