Immunology 6

1. 1Complement proteins are found in serum and tissue fluid in their...

   1. AActive forms
   2. BInactive forms
   3. CInactive forms in tissue fluid but active in serum
   4. DInactive forms in serum but active in tissue fluid
2. 2Small serum proteins which react with foreign bodies - [blank_start]C3B[blank_end]
   
   Large serum proteins which help destroy invading microbes - [blank_start]membrane attack complex[blank_end]
   
   Cell surface proteins which bind products of complement activation - [blank_start]complement receptors[blank_end]

   1. AC3B
   2. Bmembrane attack complex
   3. Ccomplement receptors
3. 3What are the three main effector functions of complement?

   1. AFormation of membrane attack complex to lyse bacteria
   2. BOpsonisation of bacteria
   3. CRecruitment of phagocytes and promotion of inflammation
   4. DCytotoxic T cell production
   5. EFas/FasL binding
4. 4The alternative complement pathway is activated by pre-existing C3b or by [blank_start]spontaneous hydrolysis[blank_end] of C3 into C3(H2O)

   1. Aspontaneous hydrolysis
5. 5C3b pre-existing from the classical/lectin pathway or C3(H2O) produced by [blank_start]spontaneous hydrolysis[blank_end] leads to production of a C3 convertase [blank_start]C3bBb[blank_end] or C3(H2O)Bb. This occurs as Factor B binds to C3b or C3(H2O) and is cleaved by [blank_start]Factor D[blank_end] (a serine protease) into Bb and Ba. The formation of these C3 convertases leads to further cleaving of C3 into C3a and C3b (C3a is an [blank_start]anaphylatoxin[blank_end]). This perpetuates the reaction.

   1. Aspontaneous hydrolysis
   2. BC3bBb
   3. CFactor D
   4. Danaphylatoxin
6. 6Collectins such as mannose binding lectin and ficolins such as L/M/H ficolin are...

   1. APattern recognition receptors
   2. BComplement receptors
   3. CNOD-like receptors
7. 7Which are anaphylatoxins?

   1. AC3a
   2. BC4a
   3. CC5a
   4. DC2a
   5. EBa
8. 8Mannose binding lectin contains what type of domains?

   1. ACarbohydrate recognition
   2. BFibronectin
   3. CCollectin
9. 9Ficolins contain what type of domains?

   1. AFibronectin
   2. BFicolin
   3. CCarbohydrate recognition
10. 10Ficolins bind oligosaccharides containing....

    1. AAcetylated sugars
    2. BMannose residues
    3. CFucose residues

11. 11MBL binds to...

    1. AAcetylated sugars
    2. BMannose residues
    3. CFucose residues
12. 12What initiating serine protease is associated with the lectin pathway?

    1. AMBL associated serine protease (MASP)
    2. BC1R
    3. CFactor D
13. 13In the lectin pathway bound MBL or ficolin bind to [blank_start]PAMPs[blank_end] which are found on bacterial surfaces. These structures have [blank_start]MASP[blank_end] associated with them and this cleaves C4 into C4a and C4b. C4b binds C2 which is cleaved by [blank_start]MASP[blank_end] to C2a and C2b. This forms the C4bC2a [blank_start]C3 convertase[blank_end]. This can cleave many molecules of C3 to C3b and C3a. The C3b can bond [blank_start]covalently[blank_end] to the surface of the pathogen or to the C4b2a complex forming a [blank_start]C5 convertase[blank_end].

    1. AMASP
    2. BPAMPs
    3. CMASP
    4. DC3 convertase
    5. Ecovalently
    6. FC5 convertase
14. 14C1Q binds to antibodies only.

    1. AVerdadero
    2. BFalso
15. 15Opsonisation is completed by...

    1. AC3b only
    2. BC4b and C3b
    3. CC4b only
    4. DBa after cleaving by Factor D
16. 16Which protein is the initiator of formation of the MAC?

    1. AC5b
    2. BC2b
    3. CProperdin
    4. DBa
17. 17When only C3b is bound to bacteria, they are not phagocytosed. If an anaphylatoxin like C5a binds to macrophages on their CR1 receptor this causes phagocytosis.

    1. AVerdadero
    2. BFalso
18. 18The C5 convertase of the alternative pathway is...

    1. AC3b2Bb
    2. BC4bC2aC3b
    3. CC3bBb
19. 19Complement receptors tend to be found on..

    1. APhagocytes
    2. BNeutrophils
    3. CMacrophages
20. 20Binding of C3b stimulates phagocytosis.

    1. AVerdadero
    2. BFalso
21. 21The initiating serine protease of the classical complement pathway is...

    1. AC1r
    2. BC1s
    3. CC1q
22. 22What is the correct order of activity for the anaphylatoxins?

    1. AC5a > C3a > C4a
    2. BC5a > C4a > C3a
    3. CC4a > C3a > C5a
    4. DC3a > C4a > C5a
23. 23Which of these are functions of anaphylatoxins?

    1. AIncreased vascular permeability
    2. BIncreased binding of phagocytes to endothelial cells
    3. CMast cell histamine release (C5a only)
    4. DOpsonisation
    5. ELysis of cells
24. 24C5a and C3a bind to endothelial cells to perform what function?

    1. AIncrease adhesion molecule production
    2. BOpsonisation
    3. CPhagocytosis
25. 25C5a interacts with neutrophils and monocytes directly. What does it do?

    1. AIncrease adherence to vessel walls
    2. BDestroys these cells to prolong the immune response
    3. CCause them to become hyperactive
26. 26The binding of C7 to C5bC6 leads to a conformational change in the constituent molecules leading to exposure of a [blank_start]hydrophobic site[blank_end] on C7 which can insert into the [blank_start]lipid[blank_end] bilayer. This occurs for C8 and C9 as well, allowing them to insert into the [blank_start]lipid[blank_end] bilayer. C8 induces the [blank_start]polymerisation[blank_end] of C9 into the [blank_start]membrane attack complex[blank_end]. This causes loss of [blank_start]proton gradient[blank_end] across the membrane and eventual destruction.

    1. Ahydrophobic site
    2. Blipid
    3. Clipid
    4. Dpolymerisation
    5. Emembrane attack complex
    6. Fproton gradient
27. 27C8 is a complex of...

    1. AC8-beta
    2. BC8-alpha-gamma
    3. CC8-alpha
    4. DC8-gamma
28. 28Which part of C8 induces the polymerisation of C9

    1. AC8-alpha-gamma
    2. BC8-beta
    3. CC8-alpha
    4. DC8-gamma
29. 29Which part of C8 binds to C5b

    1. AC8-beta
    2. BC8-alpha-gamma
    3. CC8-alpha
    4. DC8-gamma
30. 30Which part of C8 inserts into the bilayer

    1. AC8-alpha-gamma
    2. BC8-beta
    3. CC8-alpha
    4. DC8-gamma
31. 31C1 INH disrupts...

    1. AC1Q complex
    2. BFactor D
    3. CProperdin
    4. DMASP complex
32. 32CD59 prevents

    1. AFinal polymerisation of C9 molecules to form the membrane attack complex
    2. BC1Q complex formation
    3. CBinding of C3b to C4bC2a to form C5 convertase
    4. DSpontaneous hydrolysis of C3 into C3(H2O)
33. 33Factor I is a..

    1. ASerine protease that cleaves C3b and C4b
    2. BCysteine protein inhibitor that cleaves C5b preventing MAC formation
    3. CSerine protease that cleaves Factor B into Ba and Bb
34. 34Delay accelerating factor performs what function?

    1. ADisplace Bb from C3b and C2a from C4b, preventing C3 convertase formation
    2. BCleave C3b and C4b, preventing opsonisation
    3. CPrevent C9 polymerisation of the MAC
35. 35What are homologs of host proteins?

    1. AFor example HVSCD59 which imitates CD59 preventing MAC formation
    2. BAn enzyme which cleaves host complement proteins
    3. CProteins different to host proteins
36. 36Streptococci can produce a thick carbohydrate capsule which allows C3b binding but prevents [blank_start]phagocyte[blank_end] access. They can also produce proteins like Sda1 which break down [blank_start]NETS[blank_end]. They can also produce streptolysin O to cause phagocyte [blank_start]apoptosis[blank_end]. Strep can also produce SpyCEP which breaks down [blank_start]IL-8[blank_end] therefore reducing neutrophil chemotaxis.

    1. Aphagocyte
    2. BNETS
    3. Capoptosis
    4. DIL-8
37. 37Viruses can...

    1. ADisrupt the C1Q complex
    2. BDisrupt C3 convertase
    3. CDisrupt C5 convertase
    4. DDisrupt MAC formation

Descripción

Dental immunology Test sobre Immunology 6, creado por 0 9 el 02/11/2016.

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Creado el 2 nov 2016 · actualizado el 3 nov 2016

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