Test
Types and effects of pollution: LC50, LD50, acute vs chronic
Este test tiene tipos de pregunta que se abren en el reproductor de siempre.
Preguntas del test (32)
1What is currently the main driver for global change?
- ASolar Variation
- BVolcanism
- CResource Depletion
- DChanges in Earth’s Orbit
- EGrowing human population and demand for energy, food, goods, services
2Past 250 years, global change has caused mainly:
- AClimate change
- BTectonic based natural disasters
- CSpecies extinction
- DDesertification and ocean acidification
- EOzone depletion and pollution
3[blank_start]Pollution[blank_end] is the introduction of contaminants into natural
environment that cause adverse change.
Can take the form of chemical substances or
energy, such as noise, heat or light.- APollution
4[blank_start]Lethal Concentration[blank_end] (LC) 50 is the concentration of the chemical
in the air or water that will kill
50% of the test animals with a
single exposure- ALethal Concentration
5[blank_start]Lethal Dose[blank_end] (LD) 50 is the single
dose of a chemical that, when
fed to a group of test animals or
applied dermally, will kill 50% of
the animals- ALethal Dose
6What are the three effects of pollutants known as?
- AAdditive
- BSubative
- CAntagonistic
- DSynergistic
- ESynerlistic
7[blank_start]Antagonistic[blank_end] is the effect one pollutant may cancel out or reduce the impact of
another- AAntagonistic
- BAdditive
- CSynergistic
8[blank_start]Synergistic[blank_end]: pollutants combine in such a way that the environmental
effects are greater than would be expected additively- ASynergistic
- BSynerlistic
9An example of a point mutation is a [blank_start]sewage outlet[blank_end]
An example seeping is [blank_start]fertiliser runoff[blank_end]- Asewage outlet
- Bfertiliser runoff
- Cchimney stacks
- Dfertiliser runoff
- Echimney stacks
- Fvolatiles in air-flows
10[blank_start]Acute[blank_end] pollution occurs when a large amount of
waste matter enters the
environment.
Usually from a point source, after
a one-off accidental event.
Commonly has a toxic affect on
biota
After event ecosystem begins to
recover and return to resemble
original situation.- AAcute
11[blank_start]Chronic[blank_end] pollution is:
Low-level input into the
environment
• Occurs either more or less
continuously or as frequent pulses
• Environment is constantly under
stress, albeit light stress
• Ecosystem does not have
opportunity to recover and often
there is cumulative effect- AChronic
12A type of chronic pollution is pesticides and a type of acute pollution is oil
- AVerdadero
- BFalso
13malathion, parathion and carbamates
• highly toxic to human
• biodegradable and non-persistant, readily broken down
This is an example of- AOrganophosphates
- BChlorophenoxy
- COrganochlorine
14[blank_start]Biomagnification[blank_end] is any concentration of a toxin, such as pesticides, in the tissues of tolerant organisms at successively higher levels in a food chain
- ABiomagnification
15[blank_start]Biomagnification[blank_end] - occurs when an element or chemical compound moves from one compartment to another and occurs at a higher concentration in the second
- ABiomagnification
16[blank_start]Concentration Factor[blank_end] (CF) = concentration of the pollutant in the consumer ÷ concentration of the
pollutant in the diet.- AConcentration Factor
17Bio-magnification occurs when CF < 1
- AVerdadero
- BFalso
18[blank_start]Biodiversity[blank_end] is the variety of plant and animal life in the world or in a particular habitat, a high level of which is usually considered to be important and desirable
- ABiodiversity
19[blank_start]Genetic diversity[blank_end]: total number of genetic characteristics in the genetic makeup of a species.
- AGenetic diversity
20[blank_start]Genetic variability[blank_end]: tendency of genetic characteristics to vary
- AGenetic variability
21Species diversity is the total number of different species and consists of 2 components. These are species [blank_start]richness[blank_end] and species [blank_start]evenness[blank_end].
- Arichness
- Bevenness
22The Simpson's reciprocal index quantifies biodiversity by taking into account richness and evenness. The greater the biodiversity in an area, the [blank_start]higher[blank_end] the value of D
- Ahigher
- Blower
23To calculate 1/D, square and sum proportions. For a given species richness, 1/D [blank_start]increases[blank_end]
with evenness- Aincreases
- Bdecreases
24[blank_start]Ecosystem[blank_end] Diversity: variation in ecosystems found in region or variation in ecosystems over the whole planet. Is the largest scale of biodiversity, and within each ecosystem, there is considerable species and genetic diversity
- AEcosystem
25Total species diversity in a landscape (gamma diversity) is determined by two different things, the mean species
diversity in sites or habitats at a more local scale ([blank_start]alpha[blank_end] diversity) and the differentiation among those habitats ([blank_start]beta[blank_end] diversity)- Aalpha
- Bbeta
26Endemism: a term used to describe the usually limited geographical distribution of a taxonomic group, usually at family, genus or species level
- AVerdadero
- BFalso
27Food and medicine are examples of [blank_start]direct[blank_end] use biodiversity
Biocontrol and industrial materials and ecotourism are examples of [blank_start]direct[blank_end] use biodiversity- Adirect
- Bdirect
28Ecosystem services are defined as the benefits provided by ecosystems to humans. What is not a category of ecotourism?
- AProvisioning
- BRegulating
- CSupporting
- DCultural
- ESocial
29[blank_start]Regulating[blank_end] is the ecosystem service that is the control of climate and disease
- ARegulating
30Continental drift, the Earth's orbit and solar activity are some natural causes of [blank_start]climate change[blank_end]
- Aclimate change
31Pre-industrial global average concentration of CO2 was 260 - 280 ppm.
1990 CO2 level, about 350 ppm; 9 November 2017, about 405 ppm. IPCC predict CO2 levels about [blank_start]600[blank_end] ppm by 2060- A600
32Which greenhouse gas is the most concerning it is a less effective absorber than other gases
- ACO2
- BH2O
- CCH4
- DCFCs
Información
- Descripción
- Test sobre Sin título, creado por Lily O el 29/12/2019.
- Autor
- Lily O
- Idioma
- English
- Visitas
- 14
- Valoración
- Aún sin valoraciones Valora este test