Test
SAM I Neurology Practice Questions
Preguntas del test (27)
1Which of the following statements about fibrocartilaginous emboli is INCORRECT?
- AClinical signs develop slowly over days to weeks
- BFCE mostly occurs in large breed dogs and rarely in cats
- CThe condition is usually non-painful
- DDiagnosis is by exclusion of other possible causes of clinical signs
- ESurgery is of no benefit and only supportive medical therapy is indicated
2Which of the following not a sign that the UMN is involved in a lesion?
- AParalysis
- BHyporeflexia or areflexia
- CNormal or hyperreflexia
- DNormal to increased muscle tone
- EMinimal muscle atrophy
3Which of the following is not associated with a LMN lesion?
- APotential paralysis/paresis
- BIncreased muscle tone
- CHyporeflexia or Areflexia
- DPotentially severe muscle atrophy
- EMarkedly dilated bladder
4A dog comes in with paralysis of all four limbs, which part of the neurological exam may be excluded?
- AExtensor carpi radialis flexor withdrawal reflex may be excluded due to the paralysis
- BCranial tibial flexor withdrawal reflex may be excluded due to the paralysis
- CPerineal Reflex may be excluded due to the complete paralysis
- DPostural reactions may be excluded
- ENone, all parts of the neurological exam must be performed for a full assessement
5A lesion at C6-T2 would show which of the following?
- ALMN signs in one or both of the forelimbs and UMN signs in the hindlimbs and bladder
- BNormal innervation signs of both the upper and lower limbs
- CNormal innervation of forelimbs with UMN signs seen caudal to T2
- DLMN signs of all four limbs
- EUMN signs of all four limbs
6A lesion between C1 and C5 would show which of the following?
- AUpper signs in all four limbs
- BNormal forelimbs and UMN signs in hindlimbs
- CNormal forelimbs and LMN signs in hindlimbs
- DLMN signs in forelimbs and UMN signs in hindlimbs
- ENo abnormal UMN or LMN signs in any limbs
7Which of the following is INCORRECT?
- APeripheral nerve injury of one limb quickly resolves with no signs of previous injury.
- BDecreased reflexes of the affected limb are seen with peripheral nerve injury.
- CGlucocorticoids can be given to decrease inflammation at sight of injury
- DAmputation of a limb affected by peripheral nerve damage may still be the end result even with diligent owners.
- ELMN signs of affected limb are seen with peripheral nerve injuries
8Which of the following is INCORRECT with regards to brachial plexus avulsion?
- ABrachial plexus avulsion can occur spontaneously without any history indicating a potential cause
- BBrachial plexus avulsion can include any or all nerve roots between C6 and T2 and may also involve the dorsal roots
- CDamage to nerve roots C8 and T1 leads to denervation of the extensors and flexors of the elbow and carpus
- DC6 and C7 damage leads to denervation of the extensors and flexors of the shoulder
- EBrachial plexus avulsion can result in Horner's syndrome.
9Neuropraxia is defined as...?
- AA full degeneration of nerves with remnants of the myelin sheath remaining
- BA condition due to a loss of blood supply, pressure from the weight of an animal during anesthesia or a tourniquet.
- CDegeneration of axons but endoneurium and Schwann cells remain intact which allows axon regeneration at 1mm/day and return to function
- DComplete severance of a nerve and degeneration of the distal portion of Schwann cells
10Which of the following is INCORRECT with regards to nerve root/peripheral nerve neoplasia?
- AA history of slowly progressive monoparesis with "root signs" is highly suggestive of neoplasia
- BNerve sheath tumors can occur in any spinal or cranial nerve
- CNerve sheath tumors only occur in the caudal cervical area and are associated with the brachial plexus
- DAdvanced diagnostic techniques can be used to identify the site of the tumor but a definitive diagnosis is made using histopathology of samples collected during surgery.
- EAlthough surgical removal is the best available treatment for all tumors it can result in further loss of function.
11Which of the following are CORRECT in regards to Fibrocartilaginous emboli (FCE)?
- AThere are a variety of possible emboli including fat, septic-type, thrombi in cats with HCM etc although fibrocartilaginous emboli are the most common cause of spinal cord injuries.
- BThe condition is uncommon in large breed dogs with Miniature Schnauzers being the most affected breed
- CFCEs are only seen as a congenital defect in the very young
- DFCEs are extremely painful to the patient and sedation may be necessary
- EThe condition is rare in cats where it occurs in the C6-T2 region and associated with exercise.
12Which of the following shows the steps to a neural evaluation in the correct order?
- AObservation of posture and gait, Palpation of muscular skeletal system, Evaluation of sensation, Evaluation of cranial nerves, Evaluation of spinal nerves, Evaluation of postural reactions
- BObservation of mental status, Palpation of muscular skeletal system, Evaluation of postural reactions, Evaluation of cranial nerves, Evaluation of spinal nerves, Evaluation of sensation
- CObservation of mental status, Palpation of muscular skeletal system, Evaluation of cranial nerves, Evaluation of postural reactions, Evaluation of spinal nerves, Evaluation of sensation
- DObservation of posture and gait, Palpation of muscular skeletal system, Evaluation of sensation, Evaluation of postural reactions, Evaluation of cranial nerves, Evaluation of spinal nerves
13Evaluation of mental status based lesion of the thalamocortex is best obtained from:
- APatient/Client History
- BPatient Physical exam
- CPatient Neural exam
- DResearch and experimental information
14Which of the following is mismatched?
- APerineal Reflex : Perineal nerve
- BPatellar Reflex : Femoral nerve
- CCranial Tibial Reflex : Sciatic nerve
- DFlexor Withdrawal Reflex : Femoral and Sciatic nerves
- EFlexor Withdrawal Reflex : Musculocutaneous, Median, and Ulnar nerves
15What is the other spinal reflex that is usually tested for that was not named in the previous question?
- ABrachialis reflex
- BTricipital reflex
- CGastrocnemius reflex
- DExtensor Carpi Radialis Reflex
16A five month old male neutered stegosaurus is brought into your clinic. The client complains his pet took a tumble down the stairs and hasn't been acting right since. Upon examination, you find the animal is very aware of you and its surroundings. You don't even have to touch the hind limbs to instigate a reflex from them, but the reflexes on the front limbs are very small if even present. While palpating on a physical exam, you squeeze the abdomen and some urine comes shooting out. Where is the lesion located?
- ANot enough information has been given
- BBrain
- CC1-C6
- DC7-T2
- ET3-L3
- FL4-S3
- GS3 and caudally
17Which of the following animals is least likely to get Vegetative Endocarditis?
- A3 year old male Boxer
- B4 year old female GSD
- C7 year old male Irish Wolf Hound
- D10 year old male DSH
18Which of the following is a way to treat vegetative endocardiosis?
- ADigoxin + Mexilitene
- BBeta blockers + hypertonic fluid therapy
- Chigh long doses of bactericidal antibiotics
- Doverdose of barbituates/euthanol
19The signs of Glomerulonephritis and Proteinuria in Heartworm Disease is most likely caused by:
- Adead worms
- Breleased growth factors by damaged vessel walls
- CWolbachia organisms
- DMelarsomine treatments
20Which of the following is not an effect of combing an Ivermectin prophylaxis with Doxycycline?
- Areduces lung pathology
- Bstrengthens reachback effect
- Cdecreases resistance
- Dlowers the reduction rate in worms when combined with Melarsomine
- Eall of the above
21A werewolf comes into your practice complaining of being short of breath, especially when exercising (he can talk because, you know, he’s a werewolf). During your history taking you ask if he’s been taking his heartworm preventative. He gives a long pause before saying “yes” while not making eye contact with you. You decide to administer a concentration test, which comes up negative, and an antibody test, which comes up positive. WTF is going?
- AThe concentration test gave a false negative because this could be an occult infection.
- BThe antibody test gave a false positive and this could be allergies.
- CThere are no microfilaria or worms but the antibody test came up positive because he could have received adulticide treatment less than 24 weeks ago.
- DAll of the above are possibilities
22Which of the following is not matched correctly to its definition?
- ANeuropraxia – nerve damage caused by a lack of blood supply, mild
- BAxonotmesis – nerve damage but the cell bodies are still active and can regrow
- CNeurotmesis – nerve damage that is permanent because the axon is completely severed and separated from the cell body and schwanns
- DAll of the above are correct
23A Saber Tooth Tiger comes into your practice hunched and with its back legs positioned with the whole hock to the ground. What is this?
- ASciatic sign
- BRadial nerve paralysis
- CDiabetes insipidus
- DRoot sign
24What is the number one concern of paralysis of a limb?
- AInfection
- BMuscle Atrophy
- CSelf Mutilation
- DEMG changes
25Lion-O, leader of the Thunder Cats!, comes into your office. His left eye is enophthalmotic, mitotic, ptotic, and the third eye lid is prolapsed. Where could his lesion be?
- AOculomotor Nerve
- BT1
- CTrigeminal Nerve
- DBoth Oculomotor Nerve and T1
- EBoth Oculomotor nerve and Trigeminal nerve
26A wiener dog presenting with front limb monoparesis, atrophy of the supraspinous muscle, and hyperpathia on palpation of its left front limb. On a myelogram, you see a golf-tee sign. What is the best course of treatment for this disease?
- ASurgical resection
- BRadiation
- CChemotherapy
- DCage rest
27A 7 year-old cat is presented with miosis, ptosis, enophthalmos, and protruded nictitating membrane involving the right eye.
These symptoms are caused by damage to which one of the following innervation pathways?- ARight sympathetic innervation to the eye
- BRight parasympathetic innervation to the eye
- CLeft oculomotor innervation to the eye
- DRight trigeminal innervation to the eye
- ELeft vagal innervation to the eye
Información
- Descripción
- SAM neurology Practice Questions. These are student written questions and need to be used as such. Do not assume all answers are correct or that all questions are relevant for the exam.
- Autor
- curfman.melissa
- Idioma
- English
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