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Physio cycle 1, 2018-2019 retake
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Preguntas del test (38)
1Which of following sentences are true?
- AImmunoglobulins against antigen D of Rhesus system develop in childhood
- BRatio of agglutinins of ABO in plasma of blood rises throughout childhood.
- CImmunoglobulins against antigens ABO blood type system are produced by the fetus before their birth.
- DAgglutinins in ABO system are produced in effect of immunization against antigens A and B, being simple and common antigens.
2Which of following statements concern G-protein coupled receptors?
- AG-protein coupled receptors hydrolyses GTP, transferred from G-protein to the binding site of the receptor.
- BMuscarinic receptor is an example of G-protein coupled receptor.
- CAll adrenergic receptors belong to family of G-protein coupled receptors.
- DG-protein coupled receptors are metabotropic, they initiate formation of second messengers: cAMP or IP3.
3Which of following statements properly describe agglutination:
- AAdministration of heparin slows the process of agglutination.
- BAgglutination is in vitro phenomenon, in vivo process continues, engaging mechanism of destruction of erythrocytes.
- CAdministration of isotonic solution of NaCl can facilitate IgG-dependent agglutination of erythrocytes
- DGamma globulins of IgG class easily agglutinate erythrocytes in room temperature.
4Which of following results of blood tests may suggest improperly low activity/ concentration of thrombin?
- AProlonged time of the clotting time test
- BProlonged prothrombin time
- CProlonged time of bleeding time test.
- DProlonged time of Rumpel-Leede test.
5Which of following statements concerning thromboxane A2 (TxA2) are true?
- AIt activates fibrinolysis.
- BTxA2 activates platelets – it intensifies their degranulation (release of the content of granules).
- CIt prevents aggregation of platelets.
- DIt mediates vascular contraction.
6Which of following statement concerning active transport are true?
- ANa/K ATP-ase exchanges 2 sodium ions for 1 potassium ion. Each such exchange requires two ATP molecules.
- BCo-transportation of glucose and sodium ions requires previous action of Na/K ATP-ase. Such the mechanism is an example of secondary active transport.
- CCalcium ions are actively pumped into cellular cytosol by the calcium ATP-ase. This mechanism maintains higher concentration of calcium in cellular cytosol than in ECF.
- DActive transport mechanisms are able to move substances against concentration gradient.
7Which of following statements properly describe metabotropic receptors (MR)?
- AMuscarinic receptor are coupled to phospholipase C and adenylyl cyclase
- BGABAb receptor is an example of metabotropic receptor
- Ctyrosine kinase receptors are metabotropic receptor able to autophosphorylates after binding their ligands
- Dsome adrenergic receptors are tyrosine kinase receptors
8Which of the following statements properly concern G proteins?
- Abinding of insulin to G protein of the insulin receptor initiates process of activation of adenylyl cyclase
- Bextracellular ligands bind to G-protein coupled receptors which in turn activate particular G protein
- Cinhibitory G protein (Gi protein) is coupled to carbonic anhydrase of some cells-
- Dthe G-protein activates a cascade of signaling events that finally results in a change in cell function
9Which of the following receptors are ionotropic?
- ARyanodine receptor
- BRhodopsin receptor
- CPTH receptor
- DNicotine receptor
10Which of the following statements properly describe hormones produced by anterior pituitary gland =APG?
- Adopamine decreases liberation of from APG in mechanism of negative feedback
- Bliberation of corticoliberin (CRH) from APG is stimulated by corticotropin (ACTH)
- CTSH is liberated from APG. TSH binds its metatropic receptor of the membrane of the thyroid cell
- DGnRH (gonadoliberin) from hypothalamus stimulates anterior pituitary cells to secrete FSH and LH
- Eprolactin is produced by supraoptic nucleus of hypothalamus and liberated by the anterior pituitary
11Actions of angiotensin II are:
- Ait mediates vasoconstriction
- Bit decreases reabsorption of sodium ions in kidneys
- Cit stimulates secretion of aldosterone from adrenal cortex
- Dit increases heart rate
12Oxytocin:
- Ait produces contraction of the uterus
- Bit binds to the ligand-gated sodium channel of smooth muscle cells of the uterus
- Cit is responsible for milk ejection due to contraction of myoepithelial cells
- Dit has galactopoietic activity -it stimulates production of milk
13Phenomena causing increased liberation of renin are:
- Aincreased arterial pressure
- Breduced volume of ECF and hypoperfusion of the kidney
- Cdecreased load of distal tubular fluid (NaCl) in area of the macula densa (of the distal tubule)
- Dincreased volume of ECF (hypervolemina)
14Put following ions the ECF in proper order, beginning from the most concentrated (mmol/L):
- ANa+, Cl-, Bicarbonate, K+
- BCl-, Bicarbonate, Na+, K+
- CBicarbonate, Cl-, K+, Na+
- DK+, Cl-, Na+, Bicarbonate
15Which of the following statement concerning active transport are true?
- ANa/K ATPase exchanges 2 sodium ions for 1 potassium ion. Each such exchange requires 2 ATP molecules
- Bco-transportation of glucose and sodium ions requires previous action of Na/K-ATPase. Such the mechanism is an example of secondary active transport
- Ccalcium ions are actively pumped into cellular cytosol by the calcium ATP-ase. This mechanism maintains higher concentration of calcium in cellular cytosol than in ECF
- Dactive transport mechanism are able to move substances against concentration gradient
16Action of glucocorticoids (cortisol) are:
- Arise of liberation of histamine from mast cells
- Brise of gluconeogenesis
- Crise of plasma concentration free fatty acids
- Dintensification of catecholamine-dependent bronchodilation
17Channels embedded in cellular membrane can be gated by:
- AExtracellular ligand such as glycine
- BChange of the electrical potential of the cellular membrane
- Cmechanical deformation of the cell
- Dsecond messenger such as IP3
18Which of the following statements properly describes beta-adrenergic receptors?
- Abeta-adrenergic receptor is ligand-gated channel
- Bactivity of adrenergic receptors brings EPSP to the postsynaptic membrane of the neuromuscular junction
- Cbeta-adrenergic receptors are G protein coupled receptors related to adenylyl cyclase
- Dactivation of beta-adrenergic receptors up-regulates synthesis of cAMP
19Which of following statements properly concern metabolism of calcium ion?
- Agrowth hormone exerts hypercalcemic effect
- BPTH up-regulated (increases) mobilization of calcium ion from bones
- CPTH decreases activity of 1alpha-hydroxylase of vitamin 25-OHD3 in kidney
- Dthyroid hormones decrease plasma concentration of calcium
20Which of following will NOT haemolyse erythrocytes?
- A5% solution of glucose
- Bbenzene, ether and other organic solvents
- CIgG against D-antigen administered to Rh-D-negative mother after delivery of the Rh-D positive fetus
- D0,6% saline
21Which of the following statements are true in case of erythropoietin (EPO)?
- Aadenosine and androgens inhibit secretion of EPO
- BEPO is produced by interstitial cells in peritubular capillary bed of kidneys
- CEPO increases the number of erythropoietin sensitive committed stem cells in the bone marrow that are converted by red blood cell precursors
- Dhypoxia (low partial pressure of O2) in kidney is the main stimulus for EPO release-
22 Find right sentences concerning transportation of CO2 in blood:
- A5-7% of all the CO2 is transported physically dissolved in blood
- B10% of CO2 is converted to bicarbonate. Conversion is spontaneous and performed in plasma of blood
- Cpart of CO2 is reversibly bound to hemoglobin, forming carbaminohemoglobin
- Dcarbaminohemoglobin is an example of reduced hemoglobin of red-brown colour
23Which of following statements properly concern eosinophils?
- Ahey migrate in large number into tissues infected by parasites where they release hydrolytic enzymes
- Bthey release heparin, histamine as well as small quantities of bradykinin and serotonin
- Cthey belong to the adaptive immune system. they are not able to phagocyte
- Dthey aggregate in tissues when allergic reactions occur, (peribronchial tissue in people with asthma)
- Ethe exhibit chemotaxis
24Which of following statements properly concern agglutination?
- Aadministration of heparin slows the process agglutination
- Bagglutination is in vitro phenomenon resulting from an interaction between the agglutinogen and agglutinin
- Cgamma globulins of IgM class are able to produce immediate agglutination in room temperature
- Dagglutination results from an interaction between the platelet’s GP IIb/IIIa and vascular collagen
25Which of following sentences are true?
- Aagglutinins against antigens of Rh system develop in childhood
- Bimmediately after birth, the quantity of agglutinins in the plasma of the newborn is almost zero
- Cimmunoglobulin against antigens 0-A-B blood type system are produced by the fetus before the birth
- Dagglutinins in 0-A-B blood type system are produced in effect of immunization against antigens A and B commonly present in environment
26In Rh system of blood:
- AD antigen is the most antigenic (the strongest) component of the system
- BD antigen is the only antigen of the system
- Cantigens are proteins, located only on membranes of erythrocytes
- Dagglutinogens are synthesized in Rh-D negative individuals after exposure to Rh-D positive blood
27Complement is a group of more than 25 proteins of the innate immunity. Find their actions
- AChemotaxis (chemoattraction) of macrophages and neutrophils
- Bdegranulation of the eosinophils and monocytes
- Cpromotion of agglutination of invading microbes
- Dpresenting on the water soluble antigen
- Eopsonization
- Fmaturation of erythrocytes
28Which statements characterize IgG immunoglobulin?
- Ait can easily produce agglutination of erythrocytes
- Bit cannot cross blood-placenta barrier
- Cbinding of C1 complex of complement to antigen-IgG complex initiates classical pathway of complement activation
- Dit has only 2 antigen-binding sites
- Eit is a memory immunoglobulin
29Identify right statements concerning the Bleeding time test?
- Aits duration is inversely proportional to the number of platelets
- Bit does not depend on concentration and activity of plasma factors of secondary hemostasis
- Cit is prolonged in people treated with heparin
- Dit tests processes of intrinsic pathway of coagulation
30Choose the correct statements concerning B lymphocytes?
- Athey mediate cellular immunity
- Blymphocytes B are classified as professional antigen presenting cells
- Cthey are formed mainly in in thymus
- DB lymphocytes express B cell receptors on their cell membrane. It allows B lymphocytes to bind a specific antigen
31Analyze ABO system of a couple: a woman (blood type A) has a father whose blood type is O, and is married to a man whose blood type is B (his mother type is A). What is their child probability of blood type A:
- A75%
- B0%
- C50%
- D25%
32Which of the following statement concern G-Protein concern receptors?
- ANicotinic receptor is an example of G-Protein coupled receptor
- BExamples of G-Protein coupled receptor are rhodopsin and GABA-Receptor.
- CG-Protein coupled receptors are metabotropic receptors
- DAll G-Protein coupled receptors are metabotropic receptors, they activate intracellular enzymes.
33Which of the following statements properly concern muscarinic receptors?
- AAll muscarinic receptors are serpentine G-coupled receptors.
- BSome of them are ligand-gated ionic channels.
- CMuscarinic receptors modify activity of adenylyl cyclase of phospholipase C.
- DAcetylcholine is an antagonist of all muscarinic receptors.
34Which if following receptors are Ionotropic receptor?
- AIP3 and ryanodine receptors
- BRhodopsin and vasopressin receptors
- CInsulin and adrenergic receptors
- DGlycine and nicotinic receptors
35Find proper sequence of events in signal transduction of the G-Protein coupled receptor:
A) G-Protein dissociates from the receptor, Subunits of G protein dissociate
B) Binding of the ligand to its native receptor, receptor activates
C) Subunits of G-Protein interact with their appropriate enzymes, activating various second messenger pathways and other effector proteins.
D) Receptor interacts with G-protein to promote a conformational change and the exchange of GDP to GTP
E) Autophosphorylation of tyrosine residues of beta-subunit of the receptor, beta-subunit
phosphorylates other proteins.- AD, C, A, E, B
- BB, D, A, C, E
- CE, C, A, D, B
- DB, D, A, E, C
36Which of following statements properly describe characteristics of facilitated diffusion?
- AIn facilitated diffusion, membrane carriers enable movement of molecules through cellular membranes against concentration gradient.
- BParticular membrane carrier is able to transfer one particular type of molecules soluble in water.
- CFacilitated diffusion characterized with limit rate of transfer of substance diffuse as maximum saturation.
- DWater molecules pass from the cell of the collecting duct to its lumen through the system of facilitated diffusion called AQP2
37Which of following statements properly concern gating of channels of a cellular membrane:
- Ainsulin receptor open channels for tyrosine, which become phosphorylated in cytosol of the cell
- BGlycine receptor is an example of chemically-gated channel for chloride ion
- Csmooth muscle cells can contract being mechanically stretched it is mediated by stretch gated channels
- Daction potential of excitable cells is usually evoked by entrance of cations through electrical gated channels (Na+ & K+)
- Eaction potential of excitable cells is usually provoked by outflow of anions through ligand-gated channels
38Find right statement concerning membrane transportation:
- Asecondary active transport uses potential energy stored in concentration gradient of some ions created by energy liberated from ATP, such as in sodium concentration gradient dependent transport of glucose
- Bsecondary active transport can transfer co-transported molecules even against concentration gradient
Información
- Descripción
- cycle 1 Physiology Test sobre Physio cycle 1, 2018-2019 retake, creado por Elisabeth Haasen el 10/11/2021.
- Autor
- Elisabeth Haasen
- Idioma
- English
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