Test
Abnormal Psych Chapter 10
Preguntas del test (64)
1What is a drug?
- Aany substance other than food that affects our bodies or minds
- Ba colorless, transparent, odorless, tasteless liquid
- Ca treatment of sicknesses
- Da substance that gives one energy
2What is the term used to overtly include alcohol, tobacco, and caffeine
- Asubstance
- Bdrug
- Cstimulant
- Ddepressant
3The brain and body’s need for ever larger doses of a drug to produce earlier effects
- ATolerance
- BWithdrawal
- CAddiction
- DIntoxication
4Unpleasant, sometimes dangerous, reactions that may occur when people who use a drug regularly stop taking or reduce their dosage of the drug.
- AWithdrawal
- BTolerance
- CAddiction
- DIntoxication
5A temporary state of poor judgment, mood changes, irritability, slurred speech, and poor coordination
- AIntoxication
- BHallucinosis
- CAddiction
- DTolerance
6Some substances such as LSD may produce a particular form of intoxication, sometimes called _______, which consists of perceptual distortions and hallucinations.
- AHallucinosis
- BAddiction
- CWithdrawl
- DTolerance
7Which is TRUE of substance abuse disorders
- AAsian Americans have the highest rate of substance use disorders in the United States (21.8 percent), while American Indians have the lowest (3.2 percent).
- BOnly 11 percent of all those with substance use disorders receive treatment from a mental health professional
- COver 32 million people in the United States have a substance use disorder
- DAbout 19 percent of all teens and adults in the United States display substance abuse or dependence.
8Which type of substance slows the activity of the central nervous system (CNS), reduce tension and inhibitions,
and may interfere with judgment, motor activity, and concentration.- ADepressant
- BStimulant
- CHallucinogen
- DCannabis
9Which is TRUE of alcohol.
- A34 percent of all people in the United States over the age of 11, most of them male, binge-drink each month
- BNearly 7 percent of people over the age of 10 binge-drink at least five times each month
- CCurrent prevalence of alcoholism is around 7.6 percent for white Americans, 5.1 percent for Hispanic Americans, and 4.5 percent for African Americans.
- DWHO estimates that 4 billion people worldwide consume alcohol; more than half of all U.S. residents drink alcoholic beverages from time to time
10What ingredient of alcohol is absorbed into the blood through the stomach lining and takes effect in the bloodstream and CNS.
- AEthyl
- BLethyl
- CDehydrogenase
- DDethylate
11What is the name of the enzyme in the stomach that metabolizes alcohol before it enters the blood
- ADehydrogenase
- BIsomerases
- CTransaminases
- DOxidases
12The effects of alcohol subside only after alcohol is metabolized by what?
- Aliver
- Bintestine
- Cstomach
- Dlungs
13Which depressant: Drink large amounts regularly and rely on it to enable them to do things that would otherwise make them anxious. Eventually find drinking interferes with social behavior and the ability to think and work.
- AAlcohol
- BSedative-hypnotic drugs
- COpioids
14Order put in order how alcohol affects the brain
a) additional areas in the CNS, leave the drinker even less able to make sound judgments, speak clearly, and remember well
b) brain area affected that controls judgment and inhibition
c) motor difficulties increase, and reaction times slow- Ab,a,c
- Bc,a,b
- Ca,b,c
- Dc,b,a
15Forty percent of college students binge-drink at least once each year, some of them six times or more per month
- AVerdadero
- BFalso
16Which is not a characteristic of college binge drinkers
- ALive in fraternity or sorority house
- BPursue party-centered lifestyle
- CEngage in high-risk behaviors
- DBalance academic and partying
17A dramatic withdrawal reaction experienced by some people with alcoholism. It consists of confusion, clouded consciousness, and terrifying visual hallucinations.
- Adelirium tremens
- Bvertigo
- Calchohol dreams
- Dethyl tremors
18An alcohol-related disorder marked by extreme confusion, memory impairment, and other neurological symptoms.
- AFetal Alcohol syndrome
- BKorsakoff’s syndrome
- CTremains syndrome
- DDelerium syndrome
19A cluster of problems in a child, including low birth weigh and irregularities in the head.
- AFetal Alcohol syndrome
- BKorsakoff’s syndrome
- CTremains syndrome
- DDelerium syndrome
20Which is FALSE of alcoholism?
- APlays a role in more than one-third of all suicides, homicides, assaults, rapes, and accidental deaths
- BAlcoholism destroys families, social relationships, and careers.
- CCreates losses to society that total many billions of dollars annually
- DHas serious effects on the children (some 30 million) of persons with this disorder
- EDamage to physical health, especially stomach
21What is the name of the online drinking game in which a person posts personal videos of drinking an entire bottle of hard liquor and then nominates a friend to post an equal or more challenging video?
- ANeknominate
- BNerve
- CTrue American
- DTetodominate
22Which depressant produces feelings of relaxation and drowsiness?
- AAlcohol
- BSedative-hypnotic drugs
- COpioids
23At low doses sedative hypnotic drugs, they function as sleep inducers or hypnotics.
At high doses, they have a calming or sedative effect.- AVerdadero
- BFalso
24At low doses sedative-hypnotic drugs, reduce excitement in a manner similar to alcohol by attaching to the GABA receptors and helping GABA operate.
At too high a level, they can halt breathing, lower blood pressure, and can lead to coma and death.- AVerdadero
- BFalso
25Includes both natural (opium, heroin, morphine, codeine) and synthetic (methadone) compounds and is known collectively as “narcotics”. Involves different strength, speed of action, and tolerance level for each drug.
- AOpiod
- BSedative-Hynotic
- CAlchohol
26Smoked, inhaled, injected by needle just under the skin (“skin popped”), or injected directly into the bloodstream (“mainlined”). Are often injected Produce a quick rush followed by several hours of pleasurable feelings due to depression of CNS. Can also cause nausea, narrowing of the pupils, and constipation.
- ANarcotic
- BAlchohol
- CCannabis
- DStimulant
27Is highly addictive substance derived from opium that is particularly effective in relieving pain .
- AMorphine
- BHeroin
- CAlcohol
- DCocaine
28Exemplifies the problems posed by opioids. After just a few weeks, users may develop OPIOID USE DISORDER.
- AMorphine
- BHeroin
- CAlcohol
- DCocaine
29Which is FALSE about the dangers of opioid use?
- AThe most immediate danger is overdose. The drug closes down the respiratory center in the brain, paralyzing breathing and causing death.
- BPeople who resume use after having avoided it for some time often make the fatal mistake of taking the larger dose they had built up to before.
- CUsers run the risk of getting impure drugs. Opioids are often “cut” with noxious chemicals.
- DDirty needles and other equipment can spread infection.
30What is the most powerful natural stimulant known.
- ACocaine
- BCaffeine
- CAmphetamines
- DNicotine
31Which type of substance increases the activity of the central nervous system (CNS); in blood pressure, heart rate, and alertness; and behavior and thinking?
- ADepressant
- BStimulant
- CHallucinogen
- DCannabis
32Derived from leaves of coca plant. The greatest danger of use is the risk of overdose. Excessive doses depress the brain’s respiratory function, and can stop breathing.
- ACocaine
- BAmphetamine
- CCaffeine
- DNicotine
33What are stimulant drugs manufactured in the laboratory and most often taken in pill or capsule form. They increase energy and alertness and reduce appetite when taken in small doses. Produce a rush, intoxication, and psychosis in high doses.
Cause an emotional letdown as they leave the body. Stimulate the CNS by increasing dopamine, norepinephrine, and serotonin.- ACocaine
- BAmphetamine
- CCaffeine
- DNicotine
34What drug has had a major surge in popularity in recent years . Nonmedical version is primarily made in “stovetop laboratories” . Is about as likely to be used by women as men and has gained popularity as a “club drug".
- AMethamphetamine
- BAmphetamine
- CHeroin
- DCocaine
35What is one of the most famous and powerful hallucinogens that brings on a state of hallucinogen intoxication (HALLUCINOSIS) within 2 hours of being swallowed. It increases and alters sensory perception and may induce extremely strong emotions.
- ALSD
- BEcstasy
- CMDMA
- DMarijuana
36Which drug works by causing the neurotransmitters serotonin and (to a lesser extent) dopamine to be released all at once throughout the brain, at first increasing and then depleting a person’s overall supply of the neurotransmitters.
It interferes with the body’s ability to produce new supplies of serotonin. With repeated use, the brain eventually produces less and less serotonin.- AMDMA
- BLSD
- CEcstasy
- DX
37Which drug says the greater the THC content, the more powerful the drug. It includes hashish and marijuana.
- ADepressant
- BStimulant
- CHallucinogen
- DCannabis
38Most surveyed tenth- graders say it is easy to get cigarettes, alcohol, and marijuana, and more than one-fifth say it is easy to get Ecstasy and amphetamines.
- AVerdadero
- BFalso
39Which is FALSE about the dangers of marijuana?
- AMay cause panic reactions, accidents, concentration and memory problems, flashback
- BProduces a mixture of hallucinogenic, depressant, and stimulant effects when smoked
- CMay cause respiratory problems and lung cancer
- DMay affect reproduction
- EMost of the effects of cannabis last 4-6 hours
40What is the pattern when people often take more than one drug at a time?
- APolysubstance Use
- BSynergistic Effects
- CAntagonistic Effects
- DMedibicis Use
41What are synergistic effects of the combination os substances?
- AWhen different drugs are in the body at the same time, they may multiply, or potentiate, each other’s effects
- BPatterns of substance abuse or dependence develop when living in stressful socioeconomic conditions
- CThe physical risks involved in using drugs
- DThe dependency on drugs
42Which view says the cause of substance use disorders are patterns of substance abuse or dependence that develop when living in stressful socioeconomic conditions . Substance use disorder is likely to appear in families and social environments where substance use is valued or accepted.
- ASociocultural
- BPsychodynamic
- CCognitive-Behavioral
- DBiological
43Which view says the cause of substance use disorders is people who abuse substances that have powerful dependency needs that can be traced to their early years. Caused by a lack of parental nurturing and may develop into a SUBSTANCE ABUSE PERSONALITY as a result .
- ASociocultural
- BPsychodynamic
- CCognitive-Behavioral
- DBiological
44Which view says the cause of substance use disorders is a mix of Operant and Classical Conditioning. Such rewards eventually produce an expectancy that substances will be rewarding. This expectation is sufficient to motivate individuals to increase drug use at times of tension.
- ASociocultural
- BCognitive-Behavioral
- CPsychodynamic
- DBiological
45Which view says the cause of substance use disorders involves genetic predisposition and biochemical factors?
- ASociocultural
- BPsychodynamic
- CCognitive-Behavioral
- DBiological
46What says temporary reduction of drug-produced tension has rewarding effect thus likelihood that the user will seek this reaction again increases . Rewarding effects may also lead users to try higher doses or more powerful methods of ingestion.
- AClassical Conditioning
- BOperant Conditioning
- CBoth
- DNeither
47What says objects present at the time drugs are taken may act as classically conditioned stimuli and come to produce some of the pleasure brought on by the drugs themselves . Has not received widespread research support as the key factor in such patterns.
- AClassical Conditioning
- BOperant Conditioning
- CBoth
- DNeither
48What biological factor of substance abuse disorders shows findings from research with “alcohol-preferring” animals and human twins (concordance rates) . Clearer support for a genetic model may come from adoption studies .
- AGenetic predisposition
- BBiochemical Factors
- CKey NT
- DIncentive-Sensitization Theory
- EReward-Deficiency Syndrome
49What biological factor of substance abuse disorders involves biological explanations of drug tolerance and withdrawal based on NT functioning in the brain. Recent brain imaging studies have suggested that many (perhaps all) drugs eventually activate a reward center or “pleasure pathway” in the brain .
- AKey NT
- BIncentive-Sensitization Theory
- CReward-Deficiency Syndrome
- DBiochemical Factors
- EGenetic predisposition
50What biological factor of substance abuse disorders says when dopamine is activated at this REWARD CENTER, a person experiences pleasure. Certain drugs stimulate the reward center directly, while other drugs stimulate the reward center in roundabout ways .
- AKey NT
- BIncentive-Sensitization Theory
- CReward-Deficiency Syndrome
- DBiochemical Factors
- EGenetic predisposition
51What biological factor of substance abuse disorders says when substances repeatedly stimulate the reward center, the center develops a hypersensitivity to the substances; considerable support in animal studies.
- AKey NT
- BReward-Deficiency Syndrome
- CIncentive-Sensitization Theory
- DBiochemical Factors
- EGenetic predisposition
52What biological factor of substance abuse disorders says the reward center is not readily activated by “normal” life events so people turn to drugs to stimulate this pleasure pathway, particularly in times of stress.
- AKey NT
- BIncentive-Sensitization Theory
- CReward-Deficiency Syndrome
- DBiochemical Factors
- EGenetic predisposition
53One of the reasons drugs produce feelings of pleasure is because they increase levels of which neurotransmitter?
- Adopamine
- Bserotonin
- Cadrenaline
- Dnorepinephrine
54Where do most people receive treatments for substance abuse disorders?
- ASelf-help groups
- BOutpatient rehabilitation
- CImpatient rehabilitation
- DOutpatient mental health center
55Which treatment of substance abuse disorders guides clients to uncover and work through underlying needs and conflicts related to disorder. Help clients change living styles .
- ASociocultural
- BPsychodynamic
- CBiological
- DCognitive-Behavioral
- EBehavioral
56Which treatment of substance abuse disorders has individuals repeatedly presented with an unpleasant stimulus at the very moment they are taking a drug. After repeated pairings, they are expected to react negatively to the substance itself and to lose their craving for it.
- ASociocultural
- BPsychodynamic
- CCognitive-Behavioral
- DBiological
- EBehavioral
57What therapy is most commonly applied to alcoholism. In one version, drinking behavior is paired with drug-induced nausea and vomiting. Another version of this approach requires people with alcoholism to imagine extremely upsetting, repulsive, or frightening scenes while they are drinking. The pairing is expected to produce negative responses to alcohol itself.
- AAversion therapy
- BContingency Management Theory
- CCogntiive Therapy
- DBiological Therapy
58Which treatment of substance abuse disorders helps clients identify and change the patterns and cognitions contributing to their patterns of substance misuse?
- ASociocultural
- BBiological
- CBehavioral
- DPsychodynamic
- ECognitive-Behavioral
59What cognitive-behavioral therapy says the overall goal is for clients to gain control over their substance-related behaviors.
Clients are taught to identify and plan ahead for high-risk situations and to learn from mistakes and lapses.
This approach is used particularly to treat binge drinking.- Arelapse-prevention training
- Bacceptance and commitment therapy
- Caversion therapy
- Dcontingency management therapy
60Which treatment of substance abuse disorders helps people withdraw, abstain from them, or maintain their level of substance use without further increases ?
- ASociocultural
- BCognitive-Behavioral
- CBiological
- DBehavioral
- EPsychodynamic
61Which biological treatment involves systematic and medically supervised withdrawal from a drug. Gradual withdrawal by tapering off doses of the substance. Induce withdrawal but give additional medication to block symptoms.
- ADetoxification
- BAntagonist Drugs
- CDrug Maintenance Therapy
62Which biological treatment involves blocking or changing the effects of the addictive substance as an aid to resist falling back into a pattern of misuse.
- ADetoxification
- BAntagonist Drugs
- CDrug Maintenance Therapy
63Which biological treatment involves methadone maintenance programs designed to provide a safe substitute for heroin.
Programs were roundly criticized as “substituting addictions” but are regaining popularity, partly because of the spread of HIV/AIDS.- ADetoxification
- BAntagonist Drugs
- CDrug Maintenance Therapy
64Which treatment of substance abuse disorders involves self-help organizations like Alcoholics Anonymous, Narcotics Anonymous, Residential treatment centers or therapeutic communities , Culture- and gender-sensitive programs , and Community prevention programs.
- ASociocultural
- BPsychodynamic
- CCognitive-Behavioral
- DBiological
- EBehavioral
Información
- Descripción
- Abnormal Psych Chapter 10
- Autor
- Amanda Chaiet
- Idioma
- English
- Visitas
- 47
- Etiquetas
- Valoración
- Aún sin valoraciones Valora este test