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ANATOMY OF THE HEART

• The heart is a hollow muscular organ located in the thoracic cavity between the lungs just behind the sternum. This area of the body is called the mediastinum.
• The heart is a hollow muscular organ about the size of a man's fist
• The top of the heart is called the base and is broad in shape. It is located just below the 2nd rib on the right side. The bottom of the heart is pointed and called the apex . It lies on the diaphragm.
• The heart functions as a pump to pump to all the body's cells. Blood receives oxygen in the lungs when it passes through the alveoli and capillaries in the lungs.
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ANATOMY OF THE HEART

• Layer of the heart--- The heart has three layers that are all fused together and work as a single muscle. These layers are contained in a sac called the pericardium
• Endocardium - The innermost layer of the heart. It forms that lining and forms the four valves. It is in this layer that the conduction system is found.
• Myocardium - The middle and contractile layer of the heart. It is commonly referred to as the muscle layer of the heart
• Epicardium - The outermost layer of the heart.
• Pericardium - A sac in which the heart is contained. It has 2 layers and between these layers is a serous fluid which serves to prevent friction as the heart bests.
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The Heart Chambers

• The receiving chambers of the heart are the right atrium and left atrium and the tow chambers that push the blood out of the heart caleed te left and right ventricles. The heart is actually a two -side pump separated by a septum. The upper chambers consist of the ifht and left atria both atria contract togher then the two