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Holism vs Reductionism
Fichas del conjunto (9)
- 1HolismEmphasises the whole person
Interactionist approach
Gestalt Psychology - 2Gestalt Psychology1915 - 1945
Whole configuration - German
Kohler - 1925 - demonstrated insight into learning in chimpanzees - 3Interactionist ApproachExplains human behaviour in terms of interactions between different levels of explanations
Takes biological, environmental, and social factors etc into account to build a better understanding - 4Holism - Evaluation -+ Provides a complete picture
+ Does not ignore the complexity of human behaviour
+ The person is seen as an entity to be considered in its own right
- Does not lend itself to scientific enquiry and empirical testing
- Neglects importance of biological testing
- More hypothetical - 5ReductionismBreaks down complex issues into simpler parts
Biological reductionism
Hierarchy of Sciences - 6Biological reductionismAttempts to explain all behaviour in terms of biology
Assumes continuity of behaviour between animals and humans - 7Hierarchy of SciencesLess precise, more general social sciences at the top, EG: Sociology and Psychology
More narrowly focused and precise sciences at the bottom, EG: Biology, Chemistry and physics
Watson "There is only one science: Physics. The rest are just social work - 8Reductionism - Evaluation -+ Analytical and scientific
+ Scientific investigation allows for empirical investigation
+ Demonstrates how good biology is for understanding and explaining behaviour
- Over-simplifies behaviour
- Infinite regress
- No attempts to combine theories - 9LINKSSCHIZOPHRENIA
Neurotransmitters and genes = Reductionist
Social and cultural explanations = Holistic
HUMANISTIC
A person can only be viewed and understood as a whole = Holistic
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- Creado por Chanelle Titchener · 1 oct 2018
- Copiado por Chanelle Titchener · 1 oct 2018
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