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LEED Green Associate Exam 1

Emily Vester Green LEED Associate Exam GA Inglés 200 fichas

Fichas del conjunto (200)

  1. 1What is the difference between the USGBC and GBCI?USGBC continually advances the LEED rating system.
    GBCI provides exams to allow individuals to become accredited for their knowledge of the LEED rating system.
  2. 2What is the minimum floor area required for LEED NC Projects??
  3. 3What are LEED credit weightings based on?The 7 impact categories.
  4. 4What are the parameters of the LEED site boundary?The entire building and complete scope of work.
  5. 5Which sections are listed in the LEED reference guide for each credit and prerequisite?1. benefits and issues to consider
    2. related credits
    3. summary of reference standards
    4. implementation
    5. timeline and team
    6. calculations
    7. documentation guidance
    8. examples
    9. exemplary performance
    10. regional variations
    11. 0&M considerations
    12. resources
    13. definitions
  6. 6What credits might be affected by the LEED site boundary?Protect or restore habitat
    &
    light pollution reduction
  7. 7What are benefits of the IPD processStreamlined communication, cost control, reduced construction time, and ability to link schedule, phasing, and sequencing
  8. 8What does Triple Bottom Line refer to?Profit, planet, and people
    also referred to as economic, environmental, and social responsibility
  9. 9What is the minimum number of occupants required to be eligible for LEED??
  10. 10What information is needed when registering a LEED project?- title
    - address and location
    - anticipated construction start & end dates
    - rating system
    - number of projects to be registered
    - gross project square footage
    - confidential? (yes or no)
    - project type
    - anticipated certification level
  11. 11What is the difference between a CIR and a LEED interpretation?CIRs (credit interpretation requests) are for projects seeking guidance on how LEED credits apply to their projects.
    LEED interpretations are official answers to technical inquiries about implementing LEED on a project.
    They are similar, but LEED Interpretations are precedent setting, meaning they are applied to all future LEED projects.
  12. 12List the ten LEED rating systems.1. LEED for New Construction
    2. LEED for Core and Shell
    3. LEED for Schools
    4. LEED for Retail: NC & Major Renovations
    5. LEED for Healthcare
    6. LEED for Commercial Interiors
    7. LEED for Existing Buildings: Operation & Management
    8. LEED for Retail: Commercial Interiors
    9. LEED for Neighborhood Development
    10. LEED for Homes
  13. 13What does LEED stand for?Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design
  14. 14What are the 6 major credit categories?1. Location and Transportation
    2. Sustainable Sites
    3. Water Efficiency
    4. Energy and Atmosphere
    5. Materials and Resources
    6. Indoor Environmental Quality
  15. 15Which rating system addresses acoustics?LEED for schools
  16. 16Which rating system requires recertification?LEED EBOM (existing buildings: operations and maintenance)
  17. 17What must be included in LEED EBOM building policies?A plan for monitoring progress and results as well as the following structure: scope, performance metrics, goals, strategies, responsible parties, time period.
  18. 18Which rating system allows for 'pre-certification'?LEED CS (Core & shell)
    - to help projects attract tenants before construction completion
  19. 19How much of the interior build-out can a developer control in order to remain eligible for LEED CS?No more than 50%
    Projects with greater than 50% of the building's tenant space occupied by a tenant/owner should utilize LEED NC
  20. 20How often must LEED EBOM projects recertify?Must recertify every 5 years, but may recertify every year. Recertification fees are less than initial certification fees.
  21. 21What are the four levels of certification and their points?certified: 40-49 points
    silver: 50-59 points
    gold: 60-79 points
    platinum: 80+ points
  22. 22What is the difference between 'group' and 'campus' certifications?Group approach - allows similar buildings that are in a single location to certify as one project
    Campus approach - allows buildings that share a location to achieve separate certifications for each project on a site.
  23. 23Which 3 team members play the largest role in the IPD Process?Owner, architect, and contractor
  24. 24What are LEED project certification fees based on?membership and project size (square footage)
    - $900 for members
    - $1200 for non-members
  25. 25What is the role assigned to the person who registers the LEED project?Project Team Administrator
  26. 26How much do credit appeals cost after the final review?$500 per credit
  27. 27What information is required when registering a project??
  28. 28What does OPR refer to?Owner's project requirements - a written document, developed by the owner and reviewed by the commissioning agent, that details the ideas, concepts, and criteria that are determined by the owner to be important to the success of the project.
  29. 29What are the 5 areas of sensitive land protection?1. prime farmland
    2. floodplains
    3. habitat
    4. water bodies
    5. wetlands
  30. 30What are examples of 'diverse uses' in each of 5 categories?Food Retail - supermarket, grocery store w/ produce
    Community Serving Retail - convenience store, farmers market, hardware store, pharmacy
    Services - bank, family entertainment, gym, haircare, laundry, restaurant
    Civic and Community - adult or senior center, childcare, church, public library, park
    Community Anchor Uses - commercial office, housing
  31. 31Define 'brownfield'A contaminated site
  32. 32What is the organization that sets the minimum mileage rate for green vehicles? (minimum score of 40 for low emitting vehicles)American Council for an Energy Efficient Economy (ACEEE)
  33. 33What are strategies to address stormwater runoff?- bioswales and retention ponds
    - increasing vegetation
    - pervious paving
    - rainwater catchment and reuse
    - mechanical treatment systems
  34. 34What is the baseline flush rate for toilets?1.6 gpf (gallons per flush)
  35. 35According to LEED, how many times would a man use a urinal in one day?twice
  36. 36Which fixtures are not considered greywater fixtures?kitchen sinks and dishwashers
  37. 37In which climates are rainwater catchment systems most feasible?wet climates
  38. 38What are benefits of a vegetated roof?- durability - protects roof membrane
    - acoustical benefits through sound insulation of growing medium and plants
    - energy efficiency
    - heat island reduction
    - stormwater management
    - outdoor water reduction
    - provides open space
  39. 39What does ASHRAE stand for?American Society of Heating, Refrigerating, and Air Conditioning Engineers
  40. 40Which systems must be commissioned?- heating, ventilating, air conditioning, and refrigerating (HVAC&R) systems
    - lighting and daylighting controls
    - domestic hot water systems
    - renewable energy systems (wind, solar, etc.)
  41. 41What year must CFC's (chlorofluorocarbons) be phased out?2010
  42. 42Which counts as a form of renewable energy?- photovoltaics (solar)
    - wind energy
    - solar thermal
    - geothermal heating & electric
    - low-impact hydro-electric
    - wave & tidal energy
    - biofuels
  43. 43Which represents an example of 'process energy'?- computers
    - office equipment
    - elevators & escalators
    - kitchen cooking & refrigeration
    - laundry washing & drying
    - plug-in lamps
  44. 44Each REC represents how many MWh of renewable energy delivered to the grid?One
  45. 45Which design considerations should be included when designing an area for the collection of recyclables?- signage to discourage contamination
    - protection from the elements
    - security for high valued items
    - appropriate sizing of recycling areas
  46. 46What items do not apply to construction waste diversion?Excavated soil, land-clearing debris, & alternative daily cover (ADC)
  47. 47What do EPD & HBD stand for?Environmental Product Declaration
    &
    Health Product Declaration
  48. 48What does FTE refer to and how do you calculate it?Full Time Equivalent includes:
    - full time staff
    - part time staff (as fractions of full day employees)
    - residents
    Full Time employee = 1 FTE
    Part time employee (4 hours a day) = 1/2 an FTE
  49. 49What should be top priorities when selecting a location for the project site?LEED for neighborhood development location, sensitive land protection, high priority site, surrounding density and diverse uses, access to quality transit, bicycle facilities, reduced parking footprint, and green vehicles
    ?
  50. 50Which materials count as rapidly renewable?Natural, non-petroleum-based building materials that have harvest cycles under 10 years.
    Ex. Bamboo, cork, cotton, what, agrifiber, straw, wool, linseed-based linoleum, and natural rubber.
  51. 51Define Life Cycle Analysis (LCA)A technique to assess environmental impacts associated with all the stages of a product, process, or service.
  52. 52Define Solar Reflectance vs. Solar Reflectance IndexSolar Reflectance - a surface material's ability to reflect sunlight on a scale of 0 to 1
    Solar Reflectance Index (SRI) - A surface material's ability to reject solar heat (between 0 and 100). A combination of both Emittance and Reflectance. The SRI of typical new grey concrete is approximately 35 > 29 (minimum non-roof)
  53. 53Ambient TemperatureThe temperature of the surrounding air or other medium
  54. 54AquiferAn underground bed or layer of permeable rock, sediment, or soil that contains water
  55. 55Authority having jurisdictionThe governmental agency which regulates the construction process
  56. 56Basis of designIncludes design information necessary to accomplish the owner's project requirements
  57. 57BioswaleLandscape elements designed to remove silt and pollution from surface runoff water
  58. 58BlackwaterWastewater from toilets and urinals
  59. 59BrownoutAn intentional or unintentional drop in voltage in an electric power supply system. *Intentional - used for load reduction in an emergency
  60. 60Building envelope (building shell)The exterior surface of building - walls, windows, roof, & floor
  61. 61Define 'charrette'A meeting in which all stakeholders in a project attempt to establish project goals, resolve conflicts, and map solutions
  62. 62ChillerA device that removes heat from a liquid, typically as part of a refrigeration system used to cool and dehumidify buildings
  63. 63Closed systemA system which does not allow certain types of transfers in or out of the system
  64. 64Commissioning (CX)Process of verifying & documenting that a building & all of its systems & assemblies are planned, designed, installed, tested, operated, & maintained to meet the OPR.
  65. 65Construction LienA security interest in the title to property for the benefit of those who have supplied labor or materials that improve the property
  66. 66Demand Side Management (demand reduction)The planning, implementation, & monitoring of utility activities designed to encourage consumers to modify patterns of electricity usage, including the timing & level of electricity demand
  67. 67Densely Occupied SpaceSpace that has at least 25 people per 1,000 sq. ft.
    Or no more than 40 sq. ft. per person
  68. 68DensityA ratio of building coverage on a given parcel of land to the size of the parcel
  69. 69Detention BasinA stormwater Best Management Practice (BMP) designed to protect against flooding &, in some cases, downstream erosion by storing water for a limited period of time.
  70. 70DrywellAn underground structure that collects runoff & distributes it over a large area, increasing absorption & minimizing erosion
  71. 71Energy Management SystemsA control system capable of monitoring environmental & system loads & adjusting HVAC operations accordingly in order to conserve energy while maintaining comfort
  72. 72ENERGY STAR ratingScore that measures a building's energy performance compared with that of similar buildings. Program also applies to equipment & applications
    50 - average
    75+ - eligible to qualify
  73. 73EutrophicationProcess whereby water bodies receive excess nutrients that stimulate plant (algae) growth
  74. 74Floor to Area Ratio (FAR)The ratio of the total floor area of buildings on a certain location to the size of the land of that location
    floor area ratio = total covered area on all floors of all buildings on a certain plot / area of the plot
  75. 75Gap AnalysisThe comparison of actual performance with potential or desired performance
  76. 76Glazingrefers to glass paneling and/or windows
  77. 77Hard Cost vs. Soft CostHard cost - the purchase price of a hard asset such as land, building, inventory, equipment, or machine
    Soft cost - not a direct construction cost, i.e. architect, engineering, pm fees, legal feels, moving costs, furniture, etc.
  78. 78What are the 7 impact categories that LEED uses for point allocation?1. reverse contributions to global climate change
    2. enhance individual human health & well-being
    3. protect & restore water resources
    4. protect, enhance, & restore biodiversity & ecosystems
    5. promote sustainable & regenerative material resources cycles
    6. build a greener economy
    7. enhance social equity, environmental justice, & community quality of life
  79. 79Integrated DesignA collaborative method for designing buildings which emphasizes the development of a holistic design
  80. 80Integrated Project Delivery (IPD)A project delivery approach that integrates people, systems, business structures, & practices into a process that collaboratively harnesses the talents & insights of all participants to optimize project results, increase value to the owner, reduce waste, & maximize efficiency through all phases of design, fabrication, & construction
  81. 81Leverage PointThe element in the system that has the largest effect on the whole system
  82. 82Define Life Cycle Cost AnalysisA technique to assess environmental impacts associated with all stages of a product, process, or service
  83. 83Life Cycle Costing (LCC)Evaluation of the total cost of a building or product over its useful life, including initial, maintenance, repair & replacement costs as well as savings
  84. 84Load-ShiftingStrategies designed to shift energy usage from peak demand times to off-peak times
  85. 85Minimum Efficiency Reporting Value (MERV)A rating that indicates the efficiency of air filters in the mechanical system.
    range: very low (1) to very high (16)
  86. 86Mixed-Mode SystemA hybrid approach to space conditioning that uses a combination of both natural ventilation from operable windows and mechanical ventilation
  87. 87Negative Feedback LoopA system where the output may signal the system to stop changing
    ex) thermostats
  88. 88Open SystemA system that constantly takes items from outside the system, uses them, then releases them as waste without a feedback loop
  89. 89Owner's Project Requirements (OPR)A written document, developed by the owner & reviewed by the commissioning agent, that details the ideas, concepts, & criteria that are determined by the owner to be important to the success of the project
  90. 90Passive Solar DesignWindows, walls, & floors are made to collect, store, & distribute solar energy in the form of heat in the winter & reject solar heat in the summer
  91. 91PhosphorusA common constituent of agricultural fertilizers, manure, & organic wastes in sewage & industrial effluent
  92. 92Positive Feedback LoopA system where the output of a system is reapplied to the input
    ex. population growth & climate change
  93. 93What is the difference between post-consumer & pre-consumer recycled content?post-consumer: the percentage of material in a product that was consumer waste
    pre-consumer: the percentage of material in a product that was recycled from manufacturing waste
  94. 94Potable WaterWater that meets or exceeds EPA's drinking water quality standards & is approved for human consumption by the state or local authorities having jurisdiciton
  95. 95Process WaterWater used for industrial processes & building systems such as dishwashers, clothes washers, ice machines, cooling towers, boilers, & chillers
  96. 96Rain GardenA stormwater management feature consisting of an excavated depression & vegetation that collects & filters runoff & reduced peak discharge rates
  97. 97Regenerative DesignAn approach to design that describes processes that restore, renew, or revitalize their own sources of energy & materials, creating sustainable systems that integrate the needs of society with the integrity of nature
  98. 98Smart GrowthAn urban planning & transportation theory that concentrates growth in compact, mixed-use, walkable urban centers to avoid sprawl
  99. 99Solar Heat Gain Coefficient (SHGC)A measure of how well a window blocks heat from the sun, expressed as a fraction of the heat from the sun that enters the window. A lower SHGB is preferred in hot climates
  100. 100Total Suspended SolidsParticles that are too small to be removed from stormwater via gravity settling. Suspended solid concentrations are typically removed via filtration
  101. 101Technical Advisory Group (TAG)A committee consisting of industry experts who assist in interpreting credits & developing technical improvements to the LEED Green Building Rating System
  102. 102Thermal EnvelopeThe thermal enclosure creating by the building exterior & insulation
  103. 103U-valueA measure of thermal conductivity (often used for windows) that is the inverse of R-value. A lower U-value means a more energy efficient window
  104. 104Vehicle Miles TraveledA measure of the transportation demand that estimates the travel miles associated with a project, most often for single-passenger cars
  105. 105Volatile Organic Compound (VOC)A carbon compound that participates in atmospheric photochemical reactions
  106. 106WatersenseAn EPA program designed to encourage water efficiency in the U.S. through the use of a special label on consumer products. Covers the following products/services:
    - toilets
    - bathroom sink faucets
    - flushing urinals
    - single family new homes
    - shower heads
    - irrigation professionals
  107. 107XeriscapingA landscaping method that makes routine irrigation unnecessary by using drought-tolerant plants, as well as soil amendments such as compost and mulching to reduce evaporation
  108. 108SMACNASheet Metal and Air Conditioning Contractors National Association - relates to maintaining good indoor air quality during construction & demolition
  109. 109GreenSealRelates to VOCs in paints and certain adhesives and sealants
  110. 110Green Label Plus ProgramRelates to low VOC carpets
  111. 111Green Label ProgramRelates to low VOC carpet cushions
  112. 112GreenGuardRelates to low VOC furniture
  113. 113Energy Policy Act of 1992 and International Plumbing CodeSet standards for flush and flow fixture performance for indoor water fixtures
  114. 114IESNA(Illuminating Engineering Society of North America) - governs light levels and lighting energy usage
  115. 115Green-eCertifies Green Power including Renewable Energy Certificates
  116. 116SCAQMD(South Coast Air Quality Management District): Relates to VOCs in adhesives & sealants and certain paints
  117. 117Fair-trade Labeling Organizations International (FLO)Certifies fair trade products
  118. 118Forest Stewardship Council (FSC)Certifies sustainably managed forests
  119. 119California Air Resources Board (CARB)Governs zero emission vehicles
  120. 120What percentage of Earth's water is fresh water?3%
  121. 121The US Geological Survey estimates that buildings contribute what percentage of the world's annual water usage?13.6%
  122. 122According to a report by Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, what is the average payback for both retro-commissioning and commissioning of new buildings?1.1 years for retro-commissioning of new buildings
    4.2 years for commissioning of new buildings
  123. 123Construction and demolition wastes contributes approximately what percentage of the total solid waste in the US?40%
  124. 124According to a study by Carnegie Mellon University, Green Buildings can contribute to an increase in employee productivity from what percentage?2% - 18%
  125. 125What are the basic prerequisites for participating in LEED?- compliance with all environmental laws and regulations,
    - minimum occupancy
    - building permanence
    - site boundaries and area-to-site ratios
    - obligatory five-year sharing of whole building energy and water use data from the start of occupancy (for NC) or date of certiciation (for EB)
  126. 126What is the difference between people and buildings with LEED?People are LEED Accredited; Buildings are LEED Certified
  127. 127What role do products have with LEED certification?Products cannot be 'LEED Certified', but they can help towards achieving various credits.
  128. 128What does a LEED credit structure include?Credits include both an intent and set of requirements which outline what must be accomplished in order to achieve a certain number of points.
  129. 129LEED for New Construction (LEED NC) applies to what?New commercial buildings including:
    - retail
    - office
    - institutional buildings
    - hotels
    and existing buildings that include 'significant envelope modifications and/or HVAC renovatoins'
  130. 130Are LEED NC projects required to recertify?No, however they are encouraged to apply for LEED EBOM at least 12 months after continuous operation.
  131. 131LEED for Existing Buildings: Operations & Maintenance (LEED EBOM) applies to what?- owner occupied buildings
    - single & multi-tenant buildings
    - multiple building projects
    - buildings previously certified under LEED NC
  132. 132LEED EBOM buldings must:- meet minimum occupancy requirements
    - be continuously occupied for at least 12 months
    - use performance periods to measure results & progress over a set amount of time
    - develop building policies
  133. 133When is LEED for Core & Shell used?When the developer does not control the interior portion of the build-out.
  134. 134Which rating system includes an adjustment for square footage to discourage large 'green' mansions?LEED for Homes
  135. 135What are the Minimum Program Requirements (MPR)?1. must be in a permanent location on existing land
    2. must use reasonable LEED boundaries
    - must include all contiguous land that is associated with the project & summports its typical operations
    - may not unreasonably exclude portions of the building, space, or site to give the project an advantage
    - must accurately communicate the scope of the project and distinguish it from any non-certifying space
    3. must comply with project size requirements
  136. 136Are buildings or structures primarily dedicated to parking eligible for LEED Certification?No, but parking that serves an eligible LEED project should be including in the certification.
  137. 137What are the steps to LEED Certification?1. initial discovery & pre-planning phase (research & analysis)
    2. select LEED rating system
    3. check minimum program requirements
    4. establish project goals (budget, schedule, perfomance targets, etc.)
    5. define LEED project scope
    6. develop LEED scorecard
    7. engage iterative process - continually perform additional research & analysis refining approach
    8. assign roles & responsibilities
    9. develop consistent & accurate documentation
    10. perform quality assurance review & submit for certification
  138. 138What are the 3 main phases of the Integrative Process?- discovery (pre-design)
    - design and construction (implementation)
    - occupancy, operations, & performance feedback
  139. 139Project vision statementserves to envision and describe the desired process and outcomes of the project at its completion date
  140. 140Iterative ProcessA testing process that repeats until errors no longer occur.
    Green building is often an iterative process as project teams seek to continually make improvements and optimize performance.
  141. 141What two items cannot be changed after registration?Rating System type and the project zip code
  142. 142The screenshot within LEED online that lists each credit the project is attempting is referred to as what?the LEED scorecard
  143. 143What 6 general items must be uploaded to LEED online prior to submitting for final certification?1. project site plan
    2. building floor plans
    3. elevations
    4. project rendering (if available)
    5. short project description
    6. photos of completed project
  144. 144What is the advantage of splitting credit review into two phases? (Design Review and Construction Review)Having two review phases allows the project team to receive design review comments in time to make changes if necessary.
  145. 145What are Energy-Related Systems?Perform a preliminary energy anaylsis before the completion of schematic design that explores how to reduce energy in the building and accomplish related sustainability goals. Assess potential strategies such as:
    - site conditions
    - massing and orientation
    - basic envelope attributes
    - lighting levels
    - thermal comfort ranges
    - plug and process loan needs
    - programmatic and operational parameters
  146. 146What are water-related systems?Perform a preliminary water budget analysis before the completion of schematic design that explores how to reduce potable water loads. Assess and estimate the project's potential non-potable water supply sources and water demand volumes, including the following:
    - indoor water demand
    - outdoor water demand
    - process water demand
    - supply sources
  147. 147Integrative Process (IP) Prerequisite 1: Integrative project planning and designDevelop a health mission statement and incorporate it in the OPR. Conduct a preliminary LEED meeting (charrette) to set goals and make plans.
  148. 148Location and Transportation (LT): List the credits1) LEED for neighborhood development location
    2) Sensitive land protection
    3) high-priority site
    4) surrounding density & diverse uses
    5) access to quality transit
    6) bicycle facilities
    7) reduced parking footprint
    8) green vehicles
  149. 149LT Credit 1: LEED for Neighborhood Development LocationLocate the project within the boundary of a development certified under LEED for Neighborhood Development. (maximum points)
  150. 150LT Credit 2: Sensitive Land ProtectionLocate the development footprint on land that has been previously developed or that does not meeting the criteria for sensitive land
  151. 151LT Credit 3: High-Priority SiteLocate the project in one of the following areas:
    - historic district
    - priority designated site
    - brownfield
  152. 152What is the difference between a brownfield and a greenfield site?Brownfield sites are contaminated while greenfield sites are raw or untouched land
  153. 153LT Credit 4: Surrounding Density & Diverse UsesSurrounding Density - locate on a site whose surrounding existing density with a 1/4 mile radius meets specific density parameters as listed in the LEED NC reference guide
    Diverse Uses - construct or renovate a building or space within a building such that the building's main entrance is within a half mile walking distance of the main entrance of 4-7 (1 point) or 8 or more (2 points) existing and publicly available diverse uses
  154. 154LT Credit 5: Access to Quality TransitLocate any functional entry of the project within a 1/4 mile walking distance of existing or planned bus, streetcar, or ride-share stops, or within a 1/2 mile walking distance of existing or planned bus rapid transit stops, light or heavy rail stations, commuter rail stations, or commuter ferry terminals
  155. 155What is the largest contributer of greenhouse gas emissions related to buildings?Automobile transportation.
    Public transportation reduces personal automobile usage and therefore reduces CO2 emissions
  156. 156LT Credit 6: Bicycle FacilitiesBicycle Network: design or locate the project w/ a functional entry or bicycle storage within a 200-yard walking/bicycling distance from a bike network that connects to the surrounding community
    Bike storage & shower rooms: provide short-term bike storage for at least 2.5% of all peak visitors, but no fewer than 4 storage spaces per building. Provide long-term storage for at least 5% of all regular building occupants, and one on-site shower with changing facility for the first 100 regular building occupants & an additional shower for every 150 regular building occupants thereafter.
  157. 157LT Credit 6: Bicycle Facilities How close does bike storage need to be from any functional entry?Within 100 feet walking distance
  158. 158LT Credit 7: Reduced Parking FootprintDo not exceed the minimum local code requirements for parking capacity
    AND
    provide parking capacity that is a percentage reduction below the base rations recommended by the Parking Consultants Council, as shown in the Institute of Transportation Engineers' Transportation Planning Handbook
  159. 159LT Credit 8: Green VehiclesDesignate 5% of all parking spaces used by the project as preferred parking for 'green vehicles'. Green vehicles must achieve a minimum green score of 45 on the ACEEE annual vehicle rating guide
    Substitute for preferred parking spaces: discounted parking rate of 20% for green vehicles
  160. 160LT Credit 8: Green Vehicles What two options do you have to meet one of for alternative-fuel fueling stations?1: Electrical vehicle charging - install electrical vehicle supply equipment (EVSE) in 2% of all parking spaces used by the project
    2: Liquid, gas, or battery facilities - install liquid or gas alternative fuel fueling facilities or a battery switching station capable of refueling a number of vehicles per day equal to at least 2% of all parking spaces
  161. 161Sustainable Sites - SS: list the credits1) site assessment
    2) site development - protect or restore habitat
    3) open space
    4) rainwater management
    5) heat island reduction
    6) light pollution reduction
  162. 162SS Prerequisite 1: Construction Activity Pollution PreventionImplement an Erosion and Sedimentation Control (ESC) Plan that addresses:
    - soil loss during construction by stormwater runoff and/or wind erosion
    - Sedimentation of storm sewer or receiving streams
    - Airborne dust generation
    (tip: think soil, water, and air)
  163. 163SS Credit 1: Site Assessment Complete and document a site survey that includes the following:- topography: contour mapping, unique topographic features, slope stability risks
    - hydrology: flood hazard areas, delineated wetlands, lakes, streams, shorelines, rainwater collection and reuse opportunities
    - climate: solar exposure, heat island effect potential, seasonal sun angles, prevailing winds, monthly precipitation and temperature ranges
    - vegetation: primary vegetation types, greenfield area, significant tree mapping, threatened or endangered species, unique habitat, invasive plant species
    - soils: Natural Resources Conservation Service soils delineation, U.S. Department of Agriculture prime farmland, healthy soils, previous development, disturbed soils
    - human use: views, adjacent transportation infrastructure, adjacent properties, construction materials with existing recycle or reuse potential
    - human health effects: proximity of vulnerable population, adjacent physical activity opportunities, proximity to major sources of air pollution
  164. 164SS Credit 2: Site Development - Protect or Restore HabitatPreserve and protect from all development and construction activity for a percentage of the greenfield area on the site (if such areas exist)
  165. 165SS Credit 2: Site Development - Protect or Restore Habitat What are the two options for this credit?Option 1 - On-Site Restoration
    Using native or adapted vegetation, restore 30% (including the building footprint) of all portions of the site identified as previously developed
    Restore all disturbed or compacted soils that will be revetated within the project's development footprint
    Option 2 - Financial Support
    Financial support must be provided to a nationally or locally recognized land trust or conservation organization within the same ecoregion or the project's state (or within 100 miles of the project). for U.S. projects, the land trust must be accredited by the Land Trust Alliance
  166. 166SS Credit 3: Open SpaceProvide a physically accessible outdoor space greater than or equal to 30% of the total site area (including building footprint). The 'Open Space' does not have to be vegetated; pedestrian oriented walkways may also count towards open space. A minimum of 25% of that outdoor space must be vegetated (turf grass does not count as vegetation)
  167. 167SS Credit 4: Rainwater Management What are the two options for this credit?Option 1 - Percentile of Rainfall Events
    Manage on site the runoff from the developed site for a certain percentile of regional or local rainfall events using low-impact development (LID) and green infrastructure
    Option 2 - Natural Land Cover Conditions
    Manage on site the annual increase in runoff volume from the natural land cover condition to the post-developed condition
  168. 168SS Credit 5: Heat Island Reduction What are the two options for this credit?Option 1 - Non-Roof and Roof
    Non-roof measures:
    -install plants that provide shade over paving areas on the site within 10 years of planing. Artificial turf does not quality
    - Provide shade with structures covered by energy generation systems, such as solar thermal collectors, photovoltaics, and wind turbines
    Provide shade with architectural devices or structures that have an aged solar reflectance (SR) Value of at least 0.28
    - provide shade with vegetation structures
    - use paving materials with an aged solar reflectance (SR) value of at least 0.28
    - use an open-grid pavement system (at least 50% unbound)
    High Reflectance Roof:
    Use roofing materials that have an SRI equal to or greater than the values in Table 1. Meet the three-year aged SRI value. If three-year aged value information is not available, use materials that meet the initial SRI value.
    Vegetated Roof:
    Install a vegetated roof.
    Option 2 - Parking Under Cover
    Place a minimum of 75% of parking spaces under cover
  169. 169Heat IslandThermal gradient differences between developed and undeveloped areas
  170. 170Heat Island EffectRefers to the absorption of heath by hardscapes such as dark, non-reflective pavement & buildings, and its radiation to surrounding areas
  171. 171EmissivityThe ratio of the radiation emitted by a surface to the radiation emitted by a black body at the same temperature
  172. 172Thermal (Infrared) EmittanceA parameter between 0 and 1 that indicates a material's ability to shed infrared radiation (heat)
  173. 173In what climates is Heat Island Effect worse?Dry climates, since rainfall helps to keep pavement cool in wet climates
  174. 174SS Credit 6: Light Pollution ReductionMeet specific uplight and light trespass requirements, using either the backlight-uplight-glare (BUG) method (Option 1) or the calculation method (Option 2)
  175. 175Water Efficiency - WE What percentage of the total water use do buildings account for?12-14%
  176. 176Water Efficiency - WE: list the credits1) outdoor water use reduction
    2) indoor water use reduction
    3) Cooling Tower Water Use
    4) water metering
  177. 177WE Prerequisite 1: Outdoor Water Use Reduction What are the 2 options? and What are some strategies?Option 1 - No Irrigation Required
    Option 2 - Reduced irrigation
    - drip irrigation
    - grewater
    - native or adapted vegetation (drought tolerant)
    - non-potable water
    - rainwater catchment system
    - weather sensing systems
  178. 178Evapotranspiration Ratethe amount of water lost from a vegetation surface expressed in millimeters per unit time
  179. 179Microclimate FactorThe micro-climate immediately surrounding the site. Abbreviated as Kmc
  180. 180GreywaterUntreated wastewater which has non come into contact with toilet waste. Includes water from the following fixtures:
    - bathtubs
    - showers
    - bathroom sinks
    - laundry machines
    *NOT kitchen sinks and dishwashers*
  181. 181WE Prerequisite 2: Indoor Water Use ReductionBuilding water use:
    Reduce aggregate water consumption by 20% from the baseline
    Appliance & Process Water use:
    Install appliances, equipment, and processes within the project scope that meet specific requirements as outlined in the LEED reference manual
  182. 182How many times do people go to the bathroom in a day according to LEED default calculations?3 times in 1 working day
    example: men use a urinal twice and a toilet once
  183. 183What standards set baselines for fixtures?Energy Policy Act (EPA) of 1992, International Plumbing Code (IPC), and Uniform Plumbing Code
  184. 184WE Prerequisite 3: Building-Level Water MeteringInstall permanent water meters that measure the total potable water use for the building and associated grounds
    Commit to sharing with USGBC the resulting whole-project water usage data for a five-year period beginning on the date the project accepts LEED certification or typical
  185. 185WE Credit 1: Outdoor Water Use Reduction What are the two options?Option 1 - No Irrigation Required
    Show that the landscape does not require a permanent irrigation system beyond a maximum two-year temporary establishment period
    Option 2 - Reduced irrigation
    Reduce the project's landscape water requirement (LWR) by at least 50% from the calculated baseline for the site's peak watering month. Reductions must be achieved through plant species selection and irrigation system efficiency.
  186. 186WE Credit 2: Indoor Water Use ReductionFurther reduce fixture and fitting water use from the calculated baseline in WE Prerequisite Indoor Water Use Reduction
  187. 187WE Credit 3: Cooling Tower Water UseFor cooling towers and evaporative condensers, conduct a one-time potable water analysis
    Cooling towers can use excessive amounts of water and often use chemicals in the water to reduce corrosion. Strategies can be employed to reduce potable water and chemical treatment in cooling towers
    Note: installing submeters on cooling towers may help to reduce water by providing real-time feedback on usage
  188. 188WE Credit 4: Water MeteringInstall permanent water meters for two or more of the following water subsystems, as applicable to the project:
    - irrigation
    - indoor plumbing fixtures & fittings
    - domestic hot water
    - boilers
    - reclaimed water
    - other process water
  189. 189What are the benefits of using a vegetated roof?- Durability - protects roof membrane
    - acoustical benefits through sound insulation of growing medium & plants
    - energy efficiency. May also result in reduced size of HVAC equipment
    - heat island reduction
    - stormwater management
    - outdoor water reduction - through drip irrigation and efficient species types
    provides open space (contributing to habitat for birds and human well being)
  190. 190Energy and Atmosphere - EA According to the USGBC, who are the 2 largest energy users in buildings?1. HVAC (heating ventilating & air conditioning)
    2. Lighting
  191. 191EA Prerequisite 1: Fundamental Commissioning & VerificationIntent: to verify that the project's energy-related systems are installed, calibrated, and perform according to the OPR, basis of design, and construction documents
  192. 192Retro-Commissioninga systematic process for identifying less-than-optimal performance in a facility's equipment, lighting and control systems and making the necessary adjustments; focusing on improving the efficiency of what is already in place
  193. 193EA Prerequisite 2: Minimum Energy PerformanceThis prerequisite varies between the LEED rating systems.
  194. 194EA Prerequisite 3: Building-Level Energy MeteringInstall new or use existing building-level submeters that can be aggregated to provide building-level data representing total building energy consumption (electricity, natural gas, chilled water, steam, fuel oil, propane, biomass, etc.)
    Commit to sharing with USGBC the resulting energy consumption data and electrical demand data (if metered) for a five-year period beginning on the date the project accepts LEED certification
  195. 195EA Prerequisite 4: Fundamental Refrigerant ManagementDo not use chlorofluorocarbon (CFC)-based refrigerants in new heating, ventilating, air-conditioning, and refrigeration (HVAC&R) systems
    When reusing existing HVAC&R equipment, complete a comprehensive CFC phase-out conversion before project completion
  196. 196What does the Montreal Protocol call for?Complete phase out of CFCs by 2010
    Complete phase out of HCFCs by 2030
  197. 197HalonsSubstance used in fire suppression systems and fire extinguishers that deplete the ozone layer
  198. 198Leakage RateThe speed at which refrigerant is lost, measured between refrigerant charged or over 12 months, whichever is shorter. Leakage rate is expressed in terms of the percentage of the appliance's full charge that would be lost over a 12 month period if the rate is stabliized
  199. 199What do these stand for? CFC HCFC HFC ODP GWPChloroFluoroCarbon
    HydroChloroFluoroCarbon
    HydroFluoroCarbon
    Ozone Depletion Potential
    Global Warming Potential
  200. 200Energy and Atmosphere - EA: list the credits1) Enhanced Commissioning
    2) Optimize Energy Performance
    3) Advanced Energy Metering
    4) Demand Response
    5) Renewable Energy Production
    6) Enhanced Refrigerant Management
    7) Green Power & Carbon Offsets

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GA Green LEED Associate Exam Fichas sobre LEED Green Associate Exam 1, creado por Emily Vester el 14/02/2016.
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Emily Vester
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