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TDA Atheism and Postmodernism key scholars
Fichas del conjunto (23)
- 1A J AyerVerification Principle: Statements only have meaning if we can prove them/ know how to prove them true or false. We don't this for God's existence- Therefore Gods existence if meaningless.
- 2David Hume"Merely from the known phenomena."
Only gain knowledge through experience. God is a metaphysical so cant have knowledge of him. - 3Gavin HymanGod is non-empirical = not a physical object.
Religious Experience is not an empirical proof. - 4Emile DurkheimCultural Constructs
Religion is a result of what your society believes. E.G. Qur'an. Someone who does not know background of Qur'an may drop it or put it on the floor. Muslims know the true system. - 5Ray BillingtonReason for rise in atheism-Science= Supreme catalyst for rise in atheism.
1. Telescope- Galileo/ Copernicus
2. Biological Revolution- Darwin
3. Psychological developments- Freud.
God of the Gaps
Response to atheism= empiricism
Not all beliefs are proven through the senses. - 6AquinasReasons for rise in atheism
Problem of evil
If God is all powerful then why is there evil in the world? Threatens a belief in God. Aquinas doesn't believe the problem of evil threatens God's existence. - 7DawkinsResponses to rise in atheism
Science cannot disprove God's existence - why are we using this against God? - 8HawkingsResponses to rise in atheism
Refuses to talk about existence o God- is this because he cant prove or disprove him? - 9John Caputo"Religion without religion"
True religion refers to virtue of being truly religious or truly loving God, rather than one true religion or 'my religion is better than yours'. Agnostic= uncertainty as to what God refers. e.g. is God love?
Living religion rather than intellectual faith
Religion is about the way you live your life, not gaining or having knowledge. God and religion is what you do, not what you know. - 10St AugustineReponses to atheism- Problem of Evil
God gave us freewill and it is through freewill that evil entered the world. - 11Os GuinessNo right or wrong religion
If we reject absolutes, we need to reject a religions claims to exclusive knowledge. No grand narrative, only lots of different stories. - 12James Beckford"A modern supermarket of faith, the consumer seeks to pick and mix religious items to match their commitments and faith."
Religion is more personal and we pick what best suits us. - 13HeelasE.G. of James Beckford's super market of faith.
New Age Spiritualism- find evidence of Christianity, Islam, Wiccan rituals, Yoga, Zen meditations. - 14St IrenaeusResponses to atheism- The Problem of Evil
Evil is an unavoidable risk if freewill is given. Evil has instrumental value- it is a means to achieve good. - 15Jacques Derrida"Deconstruction is not an enclosure in nothingness but an openness to the other." Postmodernism allows us to open up to other religions and not feel marginalised into one correct choice.
Agnosticism about existence of God.
If we said there was anything definite, we would be sticking to meta narratives. Other= gives a sense of mystery. - 16Jean Francois LyotardCultural Constructs
Meta Narratives- Not absolute but a result of society. E.G. Hebrew God- seen as loving and Just because of the story of Exodus. - 17Immanuel KantRejects rational proof of God's existence. Moral Laws are not divine commands.
- 18John HickResponses to atheism- The problem of evil- If we didn't have freewill, we would be robots and only do good. Evil is a by product of truth.
Reasons for rise in atheism- Other faiths. Where you are brought up dictates which religion you belong to. E.G. Egypt- you would be a Muslim. Not absolute but cultural.
Religious Pluralism- Accept that all religions have same goal just different paths. - 19CupittAnti realist
No God in terms of an external being. God is a construct of our minds that represents us and our views.
-----> Oh wait!! Set spiritual goal is an absolute--- lets word it as a personal spiritual search to reach own spiritual goals. - 20H.P. OwenIt is impossible to think of a command without thinking of the commander. If we reject a command, we are rejecting who made it. If this is an absolute this would be a rejection of what God teaches.
- 21D.Z. PhilipsReasons for rise in atheism- The Problem of evil.
It is never justifiable to hurt people for greater goals. God is doing this- he sees what is happening but is doing nothing about it. - 22Andrew WrightDeeds rather than creeds
Look at ways to live life as opposed to learning about religion and divine.
E.G. Holy trinity- Not teaching us about God but teaching us how to live in these positive roles. - 23Nietzsche"God is dead. God remains dead. And we have killed him."
Rather than focusing on proving that God does not exist, he instead focused on expressing his judgement that God was no longer relevant to society.
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- GCSE (TDA AS Philosophy) Religious Studies Fichas sobre TDA Atheism and Postmodernism key scholars, creado por Jaime Preston el 21/03/2016.
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- Jaime Preston · mar 2016
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