Contraception

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under grad Endocrine Pharmacology Flashcards on Contraception, created by Bhavi Mistry on 23/05/2013.
Bhavi Mistry
Flashcards by Bhavi Mistry, updated more than 1 year ago
Bhavi Mistry
Created by Bhavi Mistry almost 11 years ago
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Under 18 conceptions Domain 2 - health improvement - people are helped to live healthy lifestyles, make healthy choices and reduce health inequalities
Three options available for men Vasectomy Condoms Abstinence
Disadvantages of POP Forgetability 3hrs - standard POP, 12 hrs cerazette Irregular bleed, cysts, headaches, spots, weight etc
Post coital contraceptive (Levonelle/Levonorgestrel) (progesterone) - delays ovulation if given early in cycle - seems to prevent follicular rupture/cause luteal dysfunction.
Advantages of levonelle <96 hrs (only licenced for <72hrs) No prescription
Disadvantages of levonelle Side effects - nausea vomiting headache Menstrual disturbances (may not work)
Post-coital contraceptive (Ulipristal acetate) Progesterone receptor modulator Prevetns/delays ovulation if given early in cycle
Advantages of Ulipristal acetate <120 hrs (licenced between 72 - 120hrs)
Disadvantages Side effects - nause, vomiting, headache Menstrual disturbances (may not work)
Post coital contraceptive (Cu-IUD) Disrupts egg transport and implantation (not really an abortion, as conception is at time of implantation, not fertilisation) Cover with antibiotics
Advantages of Cu-IUD Can be inserted up to 120 hrs/5days of earliest expected date of ovulation
Disadvantages of Cu-IUD Menstrual disturbances May not work
Injectables (depo-provera) + Implants (Implanon) Cervical mucus, endometrium and fallopian tubes Prevent ovulation
Advantages of Injectables and Implants Long lasting, few metabolic effects
Disadvantages of Implants and injectables Not easily reversed, Irregular bleeding, Implants - small operative procedure
IUS (mirena) Increases thickness of cervical mucus, thins endometrium (implantation), Preventing ovulation
Advantages and disadvantages of mirena Not intercourse dependent, Local hormone action reduces menorrhagia and risk of endometrial cancer Side effect: irregular bleeding
IUDs (non hormonal, copper/plastic) Mild inflammatory response toxic environement - decreases gamete/embryo survival Disruption of implantation
Advantages of IUDS Long-term, Non-intercourse related, no user error
Disadvantages of IUDs Expert fitted, Heavier period, Expulsion/displacement? Ectopic pregnancy?
Barrier methods (male and female condoms) Advantages: No medical interference, Protect against STIs Disadvantages: unreliable, user dependent,
Sterilisation Women Clipping tube - destroys it - invasive - difficult and expensive to reverse Blocking tubes - as above
Sterilisation, men Extremely difficult to reverse and expensive If reversed auto-antibodies against sperm
Combined oral contraceptive pill (COCP) Prevents ovulation, Cervical mucus Mix of Oestrogen and Progesterone
Advantage of COCP Reversible, not intercourse related, lighter/no periods, decrease in PMS, Decrease in ovarian cysts and cancer
Disadvantages of COCP Forgettable, Side effects, VTE risk increases with increased oestrogen
Progesterone only pill (POP) Cervical mucus (thickens with progesterone), Fallopian tubes, Endometrium Cerazzette (ovulation)
Advantages of POP Easy, Not intercourse related, Reversible, use if >35 yrs, Smoker, Obese, during lactation/breastfeeding, High BP/migraine
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