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Created by Alex Ertmer
over 7 years ago
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Question | Answer |
A quality radiographic image accurately represents the: | Anatomic area of interest |
The _____ of the anatomic structures & the ______ of their structural lines recorded determine the overall ______ of the radiographic image. | Visibility Accuracy Quality |
Visibility of the recorded detail refers to the _____ & _____ of the image. | Brightness Contrast |
Amount of luminance (light emission) of a display monitor. | Brightness |
Amount of overall blackness on the processed image. | Density |
Another term for brightness. | Density |
The primary factor that affects the amount of brightness/density produced in an image is the amount or quantity of radiation (_____) reaching the IR. | mAs |
____ ____ has more of an effect on the brightness of the image rather than mAs. | Computer Processing |
A lack of contrast makes an object appear: | Homogenous |
Differences in the brightness levels or densities. | Contrast |
The range of brightness levels is a result of the _____ differential attenuation of the x-ray photons. | Tissues' |
What tells you that you used the correct technique factors that the IR received? | Exposure Indicator |
The four MAJOR things to evaluate for a properly exposed radiograph is: | Detail Distortion Contrast Density |
Sets the midpoint of the range of densities visible in the image. | Window Level |
Moving the window down down to a low pixel value (Decreases/Increases) ______ the brightness on the display monitor. | Decreases |
Moving the window level up to a high pixel value (Decreases/Increases) ______ overall brightness on the display monitor. | Increases |
______ controls the radiographic contrast. | Window Width |
A narrow window width means: | Lower Contrast |
A wider window width means: | Higher Contrast |
The product of mAs is: | mA & Time |
Directly proportional to the amount (quantity) of radiation. | Milliamperage (mA) |
Directly proportional to radiation quantity. | Exposure time (Time) |
mA X Time = | mAs |
As mAs is increased, the quantity of radiation reaching the IR is (Increased/Decreased) _______. | Increased |
As mAs is decreased, quantity of radiation reaching the IR is (Increased/Decreased) ______. | Decreased |
A visible change in density requires a minimum amount of change in mAs be ______. | 30% |
mA & time have an inverse proportional relationship when _____ the same mAs. | Maintaining |
Doubling or halving your mAs means you're: | Doubling or halving your density. |
This alters the amount & penetrating ability of the x-ray beam. | Kilovoltage |
Increasing or decreasing the ____ changes the amount of radiation exposure to the IR, and the contrast produced within the image. | kVp |
A change of 15% in kVp will cause a doubling or halving of the density on the radiograph. (The same way doubling/halving the mAs affects on image) | 15% Rule |
Quantum Noise/Mottle occurs because of: | Low mAs |
Over exposure to the patient occurs because of: | High mAs |
When increasing the kVp by 15%, you need to decrease the mAs by ____. | Half |
When decrease the kVp by 15%, you need to increase the mAs by ____. | Double |
Maintaining the density by applying by the ___ Rule. | 15% Rule |
The controlling factor of contrast. | kVp |
An increase in ____ causes a difference in the X-ray tube because it's causing more energy photons. | kVp |
When an anatomic structure shows up too white, you need to _____ kVp because to much was absorbed & NOT reaching the IR. | Increase kVp |
What are the technical factors affecting density? | kVp mAs |
What are the geometric factors affecting density? | SID FSS Anode Heel Effect |
What materialistic factors affect density? | Filtration Beam Restriction Grids |
Distance or SID will alter the _____ of the x-ray beam reaching the IR according to the inverse square law. | Intensity |
Increased kVp yields increased _____. | Scatter Radiation |
SID or Distance affects the amount of radiation reaching the _____ & _____. | Patient & IR |
As the distance increases, the same amount of radiation will spread over an area that is created than the original, decreasing the beam's ______. | Intensity |
X-ray photons diverge as they travel _____ from the source. | Away |
If the distance is (Longer/Shorter) ______, the photons of not diverge as much & are then concentrated on a smaller area. | Shorter |
The intensity of the x-ray beam is _____ proportional to the square of the distance from the source. | Inversely |
Increase distance (SID), ______ (Increase/Decrease) the intensity of the beam, which (Increases/Decreases) _____ the density on the image. | Decreases & Decreases |
The intensity of the x-ray beam is inversely proportional to the square of the distance from the source. | Inverse Square Law |
A (Smaller/Larger) _______ focal spot will utilize greater incident electron stream vs. (Small/Large) _______ focal spot. | Larger/Small |
______ Only affects density when unit not calibrated correctly. | Focal Spot Size |
_______ Involves the intensity of radiation within the x-ray beam & the effect that this would have on the density on the image. | Anode Heel Effect |
Anode Heel Effect depends on: | -SID -Field Size -Part -Angle of Anode |
Anode Heel Effect is more pronounced: | -Collimation is wide open -With a large IR -With shorter SID -Steeper Anode Angle |
You should only repeat an image technique wise if you need to make a ______ change. | 50% Change |
Two #'s to remember mAs with when changing techniques. | -30% -Double/Half |
Photons are created at the ______. | Focal Spot |
The smaller the focal spot, the better the _____. | Detail |
The bigger the focal spot, the worse the ______. | Detail |
Manufacturers automatically control the ______ of radiation that the focal spots cam produce. | Quantity |
Focal Spot routinely affects density? (TRUE/FALSE) | False |
The Anode side of the tube, the beam is (More/Less) _______ intense. On the Cathode side of the tube, the beam is (More/Less) ______. | -Less -More |
Beam intensity is measure in ______ | Roegtan or milliroegtan |
______ of the beam is not uniform throughout all parts of the beam. | Intensity |
The variation in beam intensity is greater at a ______. | Shorter SID |
Variation of intensity can be as much as ______% change between anode & cathode sides. **Can be more pronounced with steeper angle** | 45% |
The anode should be placed at the _____ of the bed. | Head end of the table |
______ body part should be towards the cathode. | Thickest |
______ part if the body should be towards the anode side of the table. | Thinner |
The intensity of the beam is greater at the _______ side of the X-ray tube. | Cathode |
Have a proper placement of the part means a more uniform density along the ______ ______ of the image. | Long Axis |
Beam is weaker on the anode side of the tube than on the cathode side (Put anode side of tube by thinnest body part in the beam). | Anode Heel Effect |
______ affects x-ray quantity. **Results in higher beam quality** | Filtration |
Even though filters reduce the intensity of the primary beam, they do NOT reduce the intensity of the ____ ____ reaching the IR. | Remnant Beam |
Radiographic density will (Increase/Decrease) ______ whenever filtration is added. | Decrease |
Beam restrictors includes: | -Collimation -Aperture Diaphragms -Cones/Cylinders |
Reducing field size will ______ density. (Increase/Decrease) | Decrease |
Why does reducing the field size decrease density? | Because it will decrease unwanted scatter. |
The purpose of a grid is to remove: | Scatter before it reaches the IR. |
The higher the grid ratio, the (More/Less) _____ for density. | Less |
Adding, removing, or changing grids require an adjustment in _____ to maintain radiation exposure to the IR. | mAs |
The amount of the beam that is absorbed by the patient depends on: | -Thickness of part -Type of tissue (Atomic #) -Contrast Material -Pathology |
Thickness of body part can be altered by: | -Patient's Age -Pathology -Body Habitus -Body Development (PEDS/GER/ADULT) -Cast Materials -Tube Angulation |
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