1302660
Description
Flashcards by johnrclark12, updated more than 1 year ago
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Created by johnrclark12
over 9 years ago
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| Question | Answer |
| Abstraction | A model of a complex system that includes only the details essential to the viewer |
| Computer Hardware | The physical elements of a computing system |
| Computer Software | The programs that provide the instructions that a computer executes |
| Computing System | Computer hardware, software, and data, which interact to solve problems |
| Base | The foundational value of a number system, which dictates the number of digits and the value of the digit positions |
| Binary Digit | A digit in the binary number system (0 or 1) |
| Bit | Binary Digit |
| Byte | 8 Binary Digits |
| Integer | A natural number, a negative of a natural number, or zero |
| Natural Number | The number 0 and any number you get by repeatedly adding 1 to it |
| Negative Number | A value less than 0, with a sign opposite to its positive counterpart |
| Word | A group of one or more bytes; the number of bits in a word is the word length of the computer |
| Analog Data | A continuous representation of data |
| Character Set | A list of the characters and the codes used to represent each one |
| Compression Ratio | Size of compressed data divided by size of uncompressed data |
| Digital Data | A discrete representation of data |
| Floating Point | A representation of a real number that keeps track of the sign, mantissa, and the exponent |
| Huffman Encoding | Using a variable-length binary string to represent a character so that frequently used characters have short codes |
| Keyword Encoding | Replacing a frequently used word with a single character |
| Lossless Compression | A data compression technique in which there is no loss if information |
| Lossy Compression | A data compression technique in which there is a loss of information |
| Overflow | The condition that occurs when the results of a calculation are too large to represent in a given machine |
| Pulse-Code Modulation | Variation in a signal that jumps sharply between two extremes |
| Radix Point | The dot that separates the whole part from the fractional part in a real number in any base |
| Raster-Graphics Format | Storing image information pixel by pixel (.jpeg, .png, .gif) |
| Run-Length Encoding | Replacing a long series of repeated characters with a count of the repetition |
| Signed-Magnitude Representation | Number representation in which the sign represents the ordering of the number (negative and positive) and the value represents the magnitude |
| Spatial Compression | Movie compression technique based on the same compression techniques used for still images |
| Ten's Complement | A representation of negative numbers, such as that the negative of "I" is 10 raised to "k" minus "I" |
| Vector Graphics | Representation of an image in terms of lines and shapes |
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