14569023
Description
Flashcards by Tahlia Lam, updated more than 1 year ago
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Created by Tahlia Lam
over 5 years ago
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| Question | Answer |
| 6 Basic Activities of the Digestive System | Ingestion Mechanical Digestion Chemical Digestion Movement Along The Alimentary Canal Absorption Into Bloodstream Elimination |
| 3 Types of Nutrients | Lipids Proteins Carbohydrates |
| What do lipids break down into? | Glycerol and Fatty Acids |
| What do carbohydrates break down into? | < Starch, Simple Sugars > > Monosaccharides and Disaccharides < |
| What do proteins break down into? | Amino Acids, Polypeptides, Dipeptides and Peptides |
| What is the purpose of lipids? | Lipids are converted into fat as stored energy |
| What is the purpose of carbohydrates? | Carbohydrates serve as a quick source of energy for the body |
| What is the purpose of proteins? | Building cells and enzymes Can also be converted into carbohydrates and fat. |
| What is the purpose of enzymes? | Enzymes are catalysts - they speed up the breaking down of nutrients, substrates, and lower the activation energy required to start this process. |
| What is the part of an enzyme that bonds to a substrate called? | An active site |
| What are some factors that impact enzyme activity? | Temperature pH Concentration |
| How does temperature impact enzyme activity? | The higher the temperature of the enzymes' environment, the more efficiently they function. When the environment's temperature rises above 40℃, the enzymes begin to denature. |
| How does pH impact enzyme activity? | Different enzymes function better in different acidities. Mouth (saliva) - 7 Stomach - 2 Liver - 7-9 |
| How does the concentration of enzymes impact enzyme activity? | The more enzymes there are, the faster the process of breaking down nutrients is |
| What doesn't provide energy but the body needs to function? | Minerals and vitamins (and water) |
| What are the 6 main parts of the Alimentary Canal | Mouth Oesophagus Stomach Small Intestine Large Intestine Anus |
| What are examples of Mechanical Digestion | Teeth - crushing and grinding the food Muscle Contractions - the stomach crushes the food |
| What are examples of Chemical Digestion? | Saliva (amylase) - makes the food pieces into bolus Stomach Acids Enzymes - speeds up the breakdown of nutrients |
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