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Flashcards by Robin Decker, updated more than 1 year ago
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Created by Robin Decker
over 5 years ago
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| Question | Answer |
| Who are some developmental theorists? | Erik Erikson Robert Havinghurst Jean Piaget |
| Who used sensory integration treatment with persons with schizophrenia? | Lorna Jean King |
| Who developed the lifestyle performance model? | Gail Fidler (It was an evaluation method) |
| According to Freud, what is the ego? | Ego = Reality Principle Helps with conflicts between the Id and Superego |
| All behavior that is learned is the premise of what theory? | Behavioral Theory (Pavlov and Skinner) |
| Who had 8 stages of Psychosocial function? | Erik Erikson 1. Oral sensory - Trust vs Mistrust 2. Anal muscular - Autonomy vs Shame/Doubt 3. Genital locomotor - Initiative vs Guilt 4. Latency - Industry vs Inferiority 5. Adolescence - Identity vs Role confusion 6. Young Adulthood - Intimacy vs. Isolation 7. Middle Adulthood - Generativity vs Stagnation 8. Late Adulthood/Maturity - Integrity vs Despair |
| Why do the Id and Superego conflict? | Id = pleasure principle (wants what it wants now. Superego = conscience (guilt/shame) They are opposites |
| Which theorist used the terms: schemas, assimilation, and accommodation? | Jean Piaget (Developmental Theorist) |
| Who developed the air crib? | B.F. Skinner (Behavioral Theorist) |
| What are rationalization, denial, projection, and sublimation examples of? | Freud's Defense Mechanisms |
| Who developed sensory integration treatment? | A. Jean Ayres Definition: ability to take in, sort out & connect information from the world around us in an organized manner. |
| Who was the father of psychoanalytic theory? | Sigmund Freud |
| What is low registration? | Tuned out to the world with a high sensory threshold. |
| What does the transtheoretical model refer to? | Model of Behavioral Change |
| What is empathy? | Putting yourself in someone else's shoes, attempting to feel what they feel. |
| Whose stages include sensorimotor & formal operations? | Jean Piaget (Developmental Theorist) |
| Who did the Bobo doll experiment? | Albert Bandura (Theory of Social Modeling - Imitation) |
| What were some early treatments for the mentally ill? | Exercise, Arts & Crafts, Fresh Air |
| What are the 2 principles of sensory integration treatment? | 1. Focused on the Outcome 2. Activity is pleasurable |
| Who researched classical conditioning? | Ivan Pavlov Basis: Physical responses; Pavlov's dogs |
| Who developed the cognitive disabilities frame of reference? | Claudia Allen Focused on Effect of Impaired Cognition on Task Performance |
| Name some defense mechanisms. | Repression, Denial, Projection, Rationalization, Conversion, Regression, Undoing, Idealization, Identification, Sublimation, Substitution, Displacement, Compensation |
| What was moral treatment? | People entitled to consideration & compassion; Philippe Pinel insisted on clean living, more/better food, cut down on meds, and kindness |
| Where was most of the early work in Occupational Therapy done? | Baltimore, MD |
| Who developed client centered therapy? | Carl Rogers A single "force of life" called Actualizing Tendency; Client as center of effective change. |
| Critical Development in 1950's? | Beginning of COTA's First tranquilizers developed |
| ECT is done without anesthesia. True or False | False |
| Who developed the hierarchy of needs? | Abraham Maslow Deficit = basic human needs Being = Self-actualization |
| Who used the terms: shaping, chaining, & reinforcement? | B.F. Skinner Operant Conditioning - Action Consequence |
| Who discussed the id, Ego, and Superego? | Sigmund Freud |
| What is the underlying assumption of cognitive behavioral therapy? | All behavior is based on what we THINK/BELIEVE. |
| What is the difference between sensory sensitivity & sensory avoidance? | Both have low thresholds. Sensory sensitivity = passive response Sensory avoiding = active response |
| Who talked about developmental lag? | Erik Erikson - if step missed, will be behind developmentally. |
| Early OT used activities to allow for expressing what was in the unconscious. True or False? | True |
| Who used the term "doing"? | Gail Fidler Purposeful activity and "DOING" is the core of occupational therapy. |
| Name the senses according to Jean Ayres. | Sight, hearing, taste, smell, touch, Proprioception, Kinesthesia, & Vestibular |
| Who are the theorists we discussed related to Humanism? | Carl Rogers & Abraham Maslow |
| What is shaping? | Reward behaviors until terminal behavior is seen. |
| Who developed the 4 quadrants for sensory processing? | ***Dunn & Brown 1. Low registration (High threshold/Passive) 2. Sensory seeking (High threshold/Active) 3. Sensory sensitivity (Low threshold/Passive) 4. Sensory avoiding (Low threshold/Active) |
| What are the ABC's associated with RET or REBT? | A. Activating agent B. Belief C. Consequences D. Disputation E. Corrective Emotional Experience (Developed by Albert Ellis) |
| Who discussed object relations? | Freud, Fidler, and Mosey |
| How many stages of development did Freud discuss? | 5 Stages 1. Oral 2. Anal 3. Phallic 4. Latent 5. Genital |
| Who talked about the collective unconscious? | Carl Jung |
| Sensory integration treatment primarily treats what senses? | Kinesthesia, Vestibular, & Proprioception |
| What are Havinghurst's 5 functions of work? | 1. Income 2. Expend Time/Energy 3. Identification/Status 4. Association 5. Source of meaningful life experience |
| Who talked about drives? | Sigmund Freud 1. Sex/Life 2. Aggression/Death |
| Which is physiological? Operant or Classical conditioning? | Classical = physical responses |
| What level of group is generally not seen in the hospital? Mostly seen in community groups? | Mature groups |
| What did Philippe Pinel and William Tuke have in common? | Moral treatment |
| Is Ego Integrity vs Despair an early or late stage of development? | Late Adulthood Per Erikson's Developmental Theory |
| Critical development during the 1950's was? | Tranquilizers (Also COTAs) |
| Who talked about "recapitulation of ontogenesis"? | Anne Cronin Mosey Definition: Individual progresses through developmental stages and if stage missed, may have to make up skills later. |
| Environmental compensation is a term associated with? | Claudia Allen Definition: environment adapted to meet needs of a person doing tasks in it. |
| What did Pavlov use for experiments? | Dogs, food, & a bell |
| Which theorist talked about distorted thinking? | Aaron Beck Cognitive Behavioral Theorist Distorted thinking = errors in reasoning; jumping to conclusions; "should" statements; disqualification of the positives in life. |
| What is chaining? | Teaching one step at a time (forward/backward). B.F. Skinner (Operant Conditioning) = Action/Consequence 1. Reinforcement 2. Terminal behavior 3. Shaping 4. Chaining 5. Schedule of reinforcement 6. Extinction |
| According to Freud, what is the Id? | Pleasure Principle "Wants what it wants, NOW"! |
| Llorens talked about types of groups. True or False? | False Developmental Theorist ***Not Groups |
| What theory uses terms pre-contemplation, action stage & maintenance stage? | Transtheoretical Model 1. Precontemplation 2. contemplation 3. Preparation 4. Action 5. Maintenance |
| Llorens talked about development incorporating developmental theories. True or False? | True |
| What was the model developed by Fidler? | Lifestyle Performance Profile "Doing", Purposeful, planned activity, task oriented groups |
| What are some of the premise of cognitive disabilities frame of reference? | Per Claudia Allen, Cognition is inferred from Task Behavior. 6 levels 1-4 = difficulty living unassisted 5-6 = "normal", but different socio-economic backgrounds |
| Who are some of the cognitive behavioral theorists? | Beck, Ellis, and Bandura |
| ECT is still used today. True or False? | True |
| Who used terms non-directive and open invitation to talk? | Carl Rogers (Humanist) Client Centered Therapy |
| Who developed REBT? | Albert Ellis Cognitive Behavioral Theory |
| Who developed Operant Conditioning? | B. F. Skinner Operant - Action/Consequence * rat box * air crib |
| Who identified functions of work? | Robert Havinghurst (Developmental Theory) |
| Erikson believed in none of Freud's ideas. True or False? | False Also psychoanalytic (object relations) More society & culture oriented |
| Name some components of the Recovery Model. | Hope, person-driven, many pathways, holistic, peer support, relational, culture, addresses trauma, strengths/responsibilities, respect |
| Who talked about physical/intellectual & social/personal tasks? | Robert Havinghurst |
| What is the main concept of developmental theory? | Child growth developed in distinct stages. |
| What are some of the adaptive skills according to Mosey? | A. Sensory integration B. Cognitive C. Dyadic interaction D. Group interaction E. Self-identity F. Sexual identity |
| Who use the terminology initiative vs guilt? | Erik Erikson Psychoanalytic/Object Relations |
| Which theorist felt people learn better through imitation than trial and error? | Albert Bandura Social Model Theory Learn via imitation. |
| In which level of group according to Mosey would the leader have to take the biggest role? | Parallel Individual has minimal interaction with others except the Group Leader. |
| Is psychiatric rehabilitation based on a particular theory? True or False? | False *****Eclectic & Atheoretical Combines physical rehab, client-centered therapy, behavioral psych & psychosocial rehab |
| According to Freud, what is the super-ego? | Represents conscience; Shame/Guilt |
| What is sensation seeking? | High Threshold Seeks out more stimuli/sensation. Ex: Sky diving or bungy jumping |
| What physician was one of the founds of OT? | Adolph Meyer William Rush Dunton |
| What stages include anal, oral, & genital? | Freud 5 stages |
| What is sensory integration? | Ability to take in, sort out, and connect information from the world around us in an organized manner for ongoing use. |
| What are Mosey's level of groups? | Parallel Project Egocentric/Cooperative Cooperative Mature |
| What group requires the least amount of interaction with others? | Parallel (except group leader) |
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