1542918
Description
Flashcards by mikeychapman, updated more than 1 year ago
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Created by mikeychapman
over 9 years ago
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| Question | Answer |
| What is the name of rhythmic contraction of smooth muscle? | Peristalsis - occurs in G.I tract |
| What does smooth muscle have in place of troponin? | Calmodulin |
| What are the characteristics of neurogenic muscle? | Requires nerve stimulation Skeletal and multi-unit smooth muscle |
| What differences are there between red and white muscle (not including the colour!) | Red muscle has more: mitochondria, myoglobin and capillaries. This is for aerobic respiration, and also makes red muscle slower to fatigue |
| What are sarcomeres composed of? | Actin, myosin, troponin and tropomyosin |
| What is the role of ATP in muscle contraction? | ATP binds to the myosin head to release it from the actin site |
| What neurotransmitter is used to regulate muscle contraction? | AcetylCholine |
| What is a comminuted fracture? | A fracture that results in two or more bone components |
| How is a colles' fracture typically acquired? | Using your hands to break a fall |
| Why do bones become brittle with age? | Decrease in collagen fibre production due to the loss a Ca from osteoid |
| Name the four vertebral regions | Cervical, thoracic, lumbar and sacral |
| What is the formation of blood known as? | Haematopoiesis |
| What is the formation of red blood cells known as? | Erythropoiesis |
| What section of bone lies between the diaphysis and epiphysis of a long bone? | metaphysis |
| What is the name for the stem cells found in bone? | Osteogenic cells |
| What connects osteocytes together? | Canaliculi |
| What is endochondral ossification? | Formation of bone from cartilage |
| Describe the supine position | Lying face up |
| What section of the body contains the heart? | Thorax |
| Give an example of a positive feedback loop | Childbirth - baby pushes against cervix, and the following nerve impulses sent to the brain stimulate the release of oxytocin, which causes the uterus to contract = baby pushes against cervix more and loop starts again |
| What is the role of tendons? | Connect muscle to bone |
| What is the role of ligaments? | Connecting bone to bone |
| Name the three heads of the deltoid muscle | Posterior, lateral/medial, anterior |
| What is a positive feedback loop? | A feedback mechanism that results in the amplification or growth of the stimulus e.g. number of childbirths = larger population = even more childbirths.... |
| What are the three anatomical planes? | Sagittal, coronal, and transverse |
| Name the immature bone type formed during development | woven |
| What defines an open fracture? | The bone breaks the skin |
| What is the anatomical name of the main muscle present in the hamstring? | Bicep femoris |
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