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| Question | Answer |
| True or False? A program must be stored in the main memory for it to be executed. | True. |
| True or False? Machine code instructions are fetched from memory one at a time. | True. |
| Which type of architecture has one data bus to transfer all programs and data? | Von Neumann Architecture |
| Name the two main types of computer architecture. | Von Neumann & Harvard |
| Which computer architecture has data and instructions stored in separate memory locations? | Harvard Architecture. |
| True or False? The two data locations within Harvard architecture must have the same access settings. | False. They can be a combination of read only or read write memory. |
| What is meant by an embedded system? | Devices which include special purpose computers which offer real time functionality. |
| Which type of architecture is faster? Von Neumann or Harvard? | Generally Harvard: as data and instructions can be fetched in parallel rather than them competing for the same data bus. |
| Von Neumann or Harvard? Allows programs to be condensed in size. | Von Neumann |
| Von Neumann or Harvard? Has large programs of a fixed size. | Harvard |
| What is meant by a contemporary processor architecture? | CPU chips which feature elements of Von Neumann and Harvard architecture. |
| Name the three main factors which affect CPU performance. | Clock Speed The number of processor cores The amount of cache memory |
| Define what is meant by clock speed. | The clock speed of a computer dictates how fast its processors can execute instructions. |
| Fill in the blank: A computer with a higher clock speed will be able to perform instructions ______. | A computer with a higher clock speed will be able to perform instructions FASTER. |
| True or False: A single processor core can execute multiple instructions at a time. | False. A single processor core can only execute one instruction at a time in the order that they are received. |
| True or False: Modern computers have multiple cores to make processing instructions quicker. | True. |
| Theoretically, a computer with four processor cores can process instructions 4 times as fast. Is this always true in practice? | Not always. Some software may not be able to take full advantage of all of a computer's processing power. |
| What is meant by cache memory? | Cache memory is a small amount of expensive memory found inside the CPU. |
| What kind of data is stored in cache memory? | Frequently used data is stored in cache memory. |
| Explain why computers use cache memory. | Computers use cache memory for frequently used data. Instead of having to fetch it from main memory (which is time consuming) it can just be fetched from the cache instead. |
| True or False? When cache memory is full, rarely used data stored inside it will be replaced with more recent data. | It's true! |
| True or False? Computers only have one type of cache memory. | False. Computers will have at least two but sometimes three levels of cache memory. |
| Fill in the blanks: Higher levels of cache can store ____ data than lower levels of cache memory. | Higher levels of cache can store LESS data than lower levels of cache memory. |
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