Flashcards
gene - monogenics primer
Cards in this deck (26)
- 1Generation and crossesP1
F1
F2
True Breeding/Line breeding
Backcross - 2P1Parental generation- First generation both homozygous
- 3F1First Filial Generation
All heterozygotes - 4F2Second filial Generation
3:1 phenotypic ratio
1:2:1 genotypic ratio - 5Back-cross(line breeding)
heterozygote bred to parent or genotypic equivalent to promote homozygosity - 6True breedingHomozygous
- 7Mendels modelGenes do not blend together
Peas have two versions of each gene
Each Gamete contains one allele of each gene
Males and females contribute equally
Some alleles are dominant to others - 8Mendels First three postulatesUnit factor in pairs.
Dominant and recessive ness
Segregation - 9Independent assortmentAll possible gametic combinations are formed with equal probability
- 10PHenotypeOUtward physical manifestation
- 11GenotypeThe genetic blueprint of an individual; underlying genetic makeup responsible for the trait
- 12GeneThe structure of DNA that determines the expression of a trait.
- 13AlleleOne of the two alternative forms of a gene that have the same location on homologous chromosomes but may be responsible for alternate forms/appearance
- 14DominantMode of inheretence; suppressive; always expresses phenotype
- 15RecessiveMode of inheretence; Masked by dominant
- 16Mendels law of segregationEach individual has two alleles
The two alleles segregate to different gametes
Each gamete contains one allele of each gene - 17Genotypic ratio (dihybrid cross)1:2:2:1:4:1:2:2:1
- 18Phenotypic ratio (dihybrid cross)3:1
- 19Chi square analysis1) outcomes of independant assortment are random
2) increasing sample size decreases deviation - 20Chi squareNull: assume it will fit a ratio
- 21Chi square formulax2 = sum o-e^2 / e
- 22Pedigree analysistrace inheretence
- 23coefficient of relatednessfirst cousins share 1/8 of alleles
.5 *.5*.5 - 24Pedigree of autosomal recessiveBoth males and females
Both parents must carry
If neither parent has the phenotype then it is recessive - 25Pedigree autosomal dominantaffected individuals have at least one infected parent
generally appears every generation
Two unaffected parents only have unaffected offspring - 26—
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- Flashcards on gene - monogenics primer, created by Michelle Gonzalez on 07/03/2019.
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