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| Question | Answer |
| 3.3 Circulation | By Rahma Salih Abdelgadir |
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What is the circulatory system?
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The circulatory system is a system that transport materials around the blood |
| What does the circulatory system consist of? | The circulatory system consist of the heart, blood vessels and blood |
| What does the circulatory system transport? | 1) carries nutrients and oxygen to the cells 2) removes carbon dioxide from cells, to lungs to be exhaled 3) transport waste products to be removed 4) moves heat around the body |
| Whats the engine room for the circulatory system? | The heart |
| What are the three types of blood vessels? | 1) veins 2) arteries 3) capillaries |
| Fun Fact!! | They are about 97 ooo km of blood vessels for a child, an adult has 161 ooo km of blood vessels, enough to travel the earth 4 times |
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What are your arteries?
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The arteries carry blood away from the heart. When the heart beats, it pumps blood though the arteries under pressure. |
| what are the walls of like? | The walls of the arteries are tough, elastic and they bounce back into shape after each heartbeat, so they can withstand pressure |
| What happens if the arteries are cut? | If the arteries were cut, then the high blood pressure within it would cause blood to outburst very quickly, although major arteries are deep inside the body. |
| What are capillaries? | Capillaries are very small blood vessels that reach cells, since capillaries wall is one cell thick its easy for dissolved materials to be passed though |
| What happens when capillaries join back together? | They form veins |
| What are veins? | Veins carry blood to the heart, they travel though small capillaries, so veins don't need a muscular wall like the arteries |
| what are valves purpose? | Valves ensure that blood is pushed towards the heart, valves are located in the veins |
| What is the thrombus? | Thrombus is a dangerous blood clot that comes when you sit down for very long time e.g on a plane. Thrombus are clots in the veins. |
| What is DVT? | DVT is a serious condition, DVT is short for deep vein thrombosis. This condition can cause death |
| What happens after getting bruised? | When you hit yourself really hard the capillaries blood leaks out into the tissue surrounding it. Once you get the injury red then purple after fading to yellow |
| How big is the heart? | Your heart is the size of your hand clutched together to form a fist |
| Where is the heart in the body? | The heart is located in the middle of the chest behind the breastbone |
| What muscle makes up the heart? |
The cardiac muscle (involuntary)
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| How many different circuits are there in the circulatory system? | There are two different types of circuits in which blood flows |
| Where does the blood go in the first circuit? | In the first, the blood from the heart flows to the body like your head, trunk, legs and arms. This circuit also transport nutrients and oxygen and removes carbon dioxide and other wastes from cells |
| Where does the blood go in the second circuit? | Blood flows from the heart to the lungs and then back again. When blood comes to the lungs its called deoxygenated. |
| What is oxygenated blood? | Oxygenated blood is rich in oxygen. After going to the lungs then it becomes oxygenated blood |
| What is deoxygenated blood? | Deoxygenated blood is the blood that comes to the lungs |
| What is septum? | The septum is a thick wall that divides the heart in two, so oxygenated and deoxygenated blood are kept separate |
| How many times is the heart divided? | The heart is divided into four chambers |
| Where does blood enter and exit? | Blood enters though the atrium and exits though the ventricle |
| What is the first phase of heartbeat? | The two atria connect then pushing blood down into the ventricles |
| What is the second phase of heartbeat? | The ventricle contract, forcing blood out of the heart to the body and lungs |
| What is the last phase of heartbeat? | The cardiac muscle relaxes and the atria fill with blood |
| What is ECG? |
ECG is a electronic recording of a person's heartbeat.
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| What is plaque? | Plague is a build up of cholesterol, calcium and fibrin inside the arteries that reduce blood flow to the heart |
| Why is plaque harmful? | When you have too much plaque the arteries narrows down. When that happens the heart muscles will have a decrease in oxygen. |
| What causes a heart attack? | When your arteries are completely blocked with plague, then part of the heart and the arteries dies causing a heart attack. |
| What are the substances that occur naturally in the blood and the substances in plague? | 1) ChoLestrol 2) calcium 3) fibrin |
| What is cholesterol? | This a fatty substance, this substance moves to inflamed areas to try an protect it |
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Fun Fact!
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Blood is the only organ in the human body that exists as a liquid.
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| How may litres of blood are there in an adult? | An average-adult sized person has 5 litres of blood |
| What is in blood? | Blood contains: 1) red blood cells 2) white blood cells 3) platelets 4) plasma |
| What are red blood cells? | Red blood cells carry oxygen around the body. The chemical haemoglobin gives it the colour |
| What are white blood cells? | White blood cells are part of the immune system they fight off diseases and infections, they are bigger than red blood cells |
| What are platelets? | They are broken-up pieces produced in the bone marrow. They help with blood clots |
| What can blood clots cause? | Blood clots cause two things: 1. angina or a heart attack if happens in the heart 2. stroke if happens in the brain |
| What is plasma? | Its a yellowish liquid thats 90% watered 10% dissolved materials. Red and white blood cells and platelets are suspended in plasma |
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