Edexcel GCSE Topic 1 - Key Concepts in Chemistry - Atomic Structure

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GCSE Chemistry Flashcards on Edexcel GCSE Topic 1 - Key Concepts in Chemistry - Atomic Structure, created by Malachy Moran-Tun on 08/05/2019.
Malachy Moran-Tun
Flashcards by Malachy Moran-Tun, updated more than 1 year ago
Malachy Moran-Tun
Created by Malachy Moran-Tun almost 5 years ago
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What were the main points of Dolton's Theory on the Atomic Structure? > All matter is made up of tiny particles called atoms > Atoms cannot be created or destroyed > The atoms in an element are all identical (but each element has its own type of item) > Atoms are tiny, hard spheres that cannot be broken down into smaller parts
What was a flaw with Dolton's Theory on the Atomic Structure > Atoms are not hard > Atoms contain smaller particles (protons, neutrons, electrons)
Protons have a Relative Charge of _? +1
Neutrons have a Relative Charge of _? 0
Electrons have a Relative Charge of _? -1
Protons have a Relative Mass of _? 1
Neutrons have a Relative Mass of _? 1
Electrons have a Relative Mass of _? 1 / 1835 (Negligible)
Why do subatomic particles not include any units for mass? The particle's mass is so small that it is impossible to relate it to any measurement (such as grams), so it's relative to each other instead
True / False The Atomic Number is always bigger than the Mass Number. False, the Atomic Number (or Proton Number) is always SMALLER
The mass number is all the ______ added up? Protons and Neutrons
On the periodic table, aluminium has the numbers 27 and 13, how many neutrons does it have? 14 (Mass Number) (Atomic Number or Number of Protons) 27 - 13 = 14
What is an Ion? An atom with an overall positive or negative charge
What are isotopes? Atoms with the same atomic number but a different mass number. (The same number of protons and electrons, but a different number of neutrons)
Bismuth Sulfur Copper Iodine Tennessine BiSCuITs
How do you calculate the relative atomic mass of several isotopes? The relative abundance (usually percent) multiplied by the mass. e.g: Cl-35 (75%) and Cl-37 (25%) (35 * 0.75) + (37 * 0.25) = 35.5 (IMPORTANT: This is why some elements do NOT have an integer RAM)
Why do atoms contain an equal number of protons and electrons? To make the atom's overall charge neutral
How did Thomson's "Plum Pudding" Model for atomic structure improve upon Dalton's Model? Subatomic particles were introduced, randomly scattered around the atom
How did Rutherford's Nuclear Atomic Model improve upon Thomson's "Plum Pudding" Model? Electrons now orbit the proton in the middle
What isn't included in Rutherford's Nuclear Atomic Model? A nucleus
What is an atomic nucleus? Protons and Neutrons in the centre of the atom
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