18083225
Description
Flashcards by Malachy Moran-Tun, updated more than 1 year ago
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Created by Malachy Moran-Tun
over 5 years ago
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| Question | Answer |
| What is an Enzyme? | Biological Catalysts that speed up chemical reactions without being used up |
| Explain how the Lock and Key Model of an Enzyme Works | > The substrates attach to the active site of an enzyme > This creates an enzyme-substrate-complex > The enzyme then breaks down the substrate into products |
| What is an Example of a Substance being Broken Down and Into What? | > Protein into Amino Acids > Starch to sugars etc. |
| What is an Example of an Enzyme? | > Amylase > Lipase > Maltase > Protease Basically, they usually end in -ase |
| Describe the Shape of a Graph Correlating Enzyme Activity and Temperature | > Gradual Increase Until the Optimum > Lesser Gradient Reaching the Optimum (Basically rounded top) > Sharp Decrease After the Optimum |
| Describe the Shape of a Graph Correlating Enzyme Activity and pH | > Sharp Increase Until the Optimum > Lesser Gradient Reaching the Optimum (Basically rounded top) > Gradual Sharp Increase After Reaching the Optimum |
| Describe the Shape of a Graph Correlating Enzyme Activity and Substrate Concentration | > Gradual Increase Until the Optimum > Lesser Gradient Reaching the Optimum (Basically rounded top) > Constant Enzyme Activity |
| Why does the Enzyme Activity Decrease when the Temperature is Above the Optimum? | > Enzymes Become Denatured > Meaning the Active Site's Shape Changes > Substrates cannot Bond with the Active Site > Less Enzyme-Substrate Complexes |
| Why does the Enzyme Activity Decrease when the pH is Above the Optimum? | > Enzymes Become Denatured > Meaning the Active Site's Shape Changes > Substrates cannot Bond with the Active Site > Less Enzyme-Substrate Complexes |
| Why does the Enzyme Activity Stay Constant when the Substrate Concentration is Above the Saturation Point? | > All Enzymes are Enzyme-Substrate Complexes > There's no more Enzymes Available for Substrates to Bond with |
| Why does the Enzyme Activity Increase as the Temperature Rises Below the Optimum? | > The Molecules Slow Down > There is Less Kinetic Energy Due to there being Less Temperature > Less Collisions with the Active Site > Less Enzyme-Substrate Complexes |
| Why does the Enzyme Activity Decrease as the pH Decreases Below the Optimum? | > Enzymes Become Denatured > Meaning the Active Site's Shape Changes > Substrates cannot Bond with the Active Site > Less Enzyme-Substrate Complexes |
| Why does the Enzyme Activity Increase as the Substrate Concentration Increases Below the Saturation Point? | > More Substrates so More Chances of Collisions with the Enzyme's Active Site > More Enzyme-Substrate Complexes |
| What is an Enzyme-Substrate Complex? | The Enzyme and the Substrate Bound Together |
| What is the Optimum? | The Point where there is the Most Enzyme Activity |
| What is the Saturation Point? | The Starting Point where Enzyme Activity Becomes Constant due to Substrate Concentration |
| What is an Active Site? | The Part of the Enzyme that the Substrate Binds to |
| What does Denatured Mean? | The Active Site's Shape has Changed |
| Why don't Denatured Enzymes Work? | The Active Site's Shape does not Match with the Substrates Shape, meaning they cannot Bind |
| What is Diffusion? (I know it's not to do with Enzymes but there was no where else to put this question ok) | The Movement of Particles from Low Concentration to High Concentration |
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