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| Question | Answer |
| Typical behaviour | a behaviour which is considered normal, usually because it applies to the majority of people. |
| Atypical behaviour | a behaviour which is considered abnormal, usually because it applies to a minority of people |
| Phobia | An atypical fear response, given the object or situation. |
| Agrophobia | An extreme fear of being in public spaces away from the safety of the home |
| School phobia | an extreme fear of attending and being in school |
| social phobia | an extreme fear of being exposed or embarrassed during social contact |
| Acrophobia | an extreme fear of heights |
| Arachnophobia | an extreme fear of spiders |
| Behaviourists | a group of psychologists who believe that human behaviours are learnt rather than natural |
| Classical conditioning | learning by association, so that certain stimuli are associated with certain responces |
| unconditioned response (UCR) | A response which is natural and does not need to be learnt |
| unconditioned stimulus (UCS) | Something that triggers a natural (unconditioned) responce |
| Natural stimulus (NS) | Something that would not normally trigger a reaction |
| Conditioned stimulus (CS) | Something that triggers a learnt response; something we have been conditioned to respond to |
| Operant conditioning | learning by consequences. If the consequences of an action are rewarding e.g crying and then getting comforted, we'd learn to do it again. However, if the consequences are negative, we tend to not repeat the action. |
| Evolutionary theory | the theory that animals have evolved over time and instinctively behave in ways that allow them to survive and reproduce. |