1880911
Description
Flashcards by Gurleen Dhillon, updated more than 1 year ago
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Created by Gurleen Dhillon
almost 11 years ago
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| Question | Answer |
| Adaptation | structure, behaviour, or physiological process |
| Mimicry | structural adaptation in which harmless species look like harmful species |
| Variations | difference between individuals |
| Mutations | permanent change in genetic material |
| Selective Advantage | genetic advantage that improves an organisms chance of survival |
| Selective pressure | environmental conditions select certain trait and go against other traits |
| Fitness | contribution to gene pool |
| Biotechnology | use of technology and organisms to produce useful products |
| Natural Selection | traits of a population change over time |
| Artificial Selection | certain traits chosen by humans to make a new product |
| Sexual Selection | natural selection for mating based |
| Monoculture | extensive planting of the same varieties of species |
| Fossil Record | remains and traces of past life |
| Transitional Fossils | fossils that show links betweens a group of organisms |
| Vestigial Structure | reduced version of a structure |
| Biogeography | study of past and present geographical distribution of species |
| Homologous structures | similar structural elements and origin but different function |
| Analogous structure | do not have common evolutionary origin but performs similar functions |
| Embryology | study of pre-birth stages |
| Gene Pool | genes of all individuals in a population |
| Non-random mating | mating on the basis of mate selection |
| Genetic Drift | change in frequencies of alleles due to events |
| Founder effect | change in gene pool when individuals start a new population |
| Bottleneck effect | changes in gene distribution that result from a rapid decrease in population size |
| Stabilizing Selection | natural selection that favours intermediate phenotypes |
| Directional selection | favours phenotype at 1 extreme |
| Disruptive Selection | favours the extremes of a range of phenotypes rather than intermediate phenotypes |
| Speciation | formation of new species from existing species |
| Pre- zygotic isolating mechanism | impedes mating or prevent fertilization |
| Behavioural isolating mechanism | differences in call/song |
| Habitat isolating mechanism | two species may live in the same general region but in different habitats |
| Temporal isolating mechanism | kept separate by temporal(timing) barriers |
| Mechanical Isolating Mechanism | species that are closely related mate but cannot fertilize |
| Gametic Isolating Mechanism | gametes from different species do meet, they will rarely fuse to form a zygote |
| Post - Zygotic Isolating Mechanism | barrier that prevents hybrid zygotes to be fertile |
| Hybrid Inviability | Genetic Incompatibility of the interbred species may stop development of hybrid zygote |
| Hybrid Sterility | mate and produce infertile hybrid |
| Hybrid Breakdown | F1 gen is fertile but F2 gen is not fertile |
| Sympatric Speciation | populations within the same geographical areas diverge and become reproductively isolated |
| Allopatric Speciation | population is split into two or more isolated groups by a barrier |
| Ecological Niche | role and physical distribution of a specie in a environment |
| Adaptive Radiation | diversification of a common ancestral species |
| Gradualism | evolutionary change as slow and steady before and after divergence |
| Punctuated Equilibrium | evolution history as long period of stasis or equilibrium |
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