19013144
Description
Flashcards by Marcia Martínez Badilla, updated more than 1 year ago
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Created by Marcia Martínez Badilla
over 4 years ago
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| Question | Answer |
| WHAT IS GRAMMAR? | Grammar is the study of words and the ways words work together |
| WHAT IS A SENTENCE? | A sentence is a group of words containing a subject and predicate |
| Sentence characteristics | 1. Stars with a capital letter 2. Ends with a period, question mark, or exclamation point 3. Contains one or more words 4. Contains a subject and a predicate, either expressed or clearly understood 5. Makes a statement, asks a question, expresses a command or request, or indicates a strong feeling or emotion |
| WHAT IS A SUBJECT ? | The subject is the person, place, thing, or idea that is doing or being something |
| TYPES OF SUBJECTS | 1. Complete (entirephrase before verb) Ex: My new Cambridge dictionary 2. Simple (main word) Ex: dictionary 3. Compound (2 or more subjects joined by a conjunction) Ex: William and his friends |
| WHAT IS A PREDIcATE? | The predicate is the accion or description that occurs in the sentence |
| TYPES OF PREDICATE | 1. Simple: a complete verb (a verb and any auxiliary verbs) Ex: sit/was singing 2. Complete: a simple predicate plus all modifiers: was singing quietly 3. Compound: two or more predicates with the same object. Ex: was singing quietly and smiling to himself |
| SENTENCES ACCORDING TO FUNTION | 1. Declarative (makes a statement) 2. Interrogative (asks a question) 3. Exclamatory (express strong feelins or emotion) 4. Imperative (expresses a command or request |
| INDEPENDENT GRAMMATICAL EXPRESSIONS | Complete thought, idiomatic expressions Ex: fire! , Stop!, Hello! |
| WHAT IS A CLAUSE? | It is a part of the sentence. A sentence can contain many clauses. Each clause has only one main verb |
| TYPES OF CLAUSES | 1. Independent clause: contains subject and verb, expresses a complete thought. It is a sentence. 2. Dependent clause: contains subject and verb but does not express a complete thought. Dependent marker words: when, that |
| WHAT IS A PHRASE? | It is group of words that functions as a single unit. Most phrases have a word which defines the type of phrase it is (head word) |
| TYPES OF PHRASES | 1. Prepositional phrase (in love, over the rainbow) 2. Noun phrase (the black cat) 3. Verb phrase (jump up and down) 4. Adjetival phrase ( full of toys) 5. Adverbial phrase (very carefully) |
| WHAT IS A FRAGMENT? | A fragment is a group of words that does not express a complete thought. It is a part of the sentence and cannot stand alone. |
| TYPES OF FRAGMENTS | 1. No subject. Ex: for days tried to change his mind 2. No verb. Ex: water sparkling 3. No subject and no verb. Ex: without the slightest hesitation |
| TYPES OF SENTENCES ACCORDING TO STRUCTURE | 1. Simple sentence: subject + verb+ complete thought (1 Independent clause) 2. Compound sentences: 2 Independent clauses joined by a conjunction 3. Complex sentence: 1 Independent clause + 1 dependent clause 4. Compund complex: 2 Independent clauses + 1 dependent clause |
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