TERMS P&A CHAPTER 3: INTRODUCTION TO VISION

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PERCEPTION AND ATTENTION Flashcards on TERMS P&A CHAPTER 3: INTRODUCTION TO VISION, created by Nuria Nácher Soler on 28/12/2019.
Nuria Nácher Soler
Flashcards by Nuria Nácher Soler, updated more than 1 year ago
Nuria Nácher Soler
Created by Nuria Nácher Soler almost 5 years ago
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Question Answer
VISIBLE LIGHT Band of energy within the electromagnetic spectrum
ELECTROMAGNETIC SPECTRUM Continuum of electromagnetic energy produced by electric charges and radiated as waves
LIGHT Consisting of small pockets of energy (protons)
CORNEA Transparent covering of the front eye. Accounts 80% of eye´s focusing power but can´t adjust its focus
WAVELENGTH Distance between the peaks of the electromagnetic waves
HYPEROPIA Condition which enables a person to see distant objects clearly but has trouble seeing nearby objects
TRANSDUCTION Transformation of light into electricity. Carried out by receptors
RECEPTORS Neurons specialized for receiving environmental energy and transforming it into electricity
RODS AND CONES Receptors for vision
OPSINS Long stands of proteins which loop back and forth across the disc membrane 7 times
ISOMERIZATION Change in shape when a photon of light hits the retinal, so it´s stricking out from the opsin. Triggers the transformation of the light entering the eye into electricity in the receptors
ENZYMES Biological chemical that in small amounts facilitates chemical reactions
ENZYME CASCADE Sequence of reactions triggered by the activated visual pigment molecule
BLIND SPOT Area in the retina where there are no receptors. It is where the optic nerve leaves the eye
DARK ADAPTATION Process which causes the eye to increase its sensitivity in the dark
DARK ADAPTATION CURVE Plot of how visual sensitivity changes in the dark, beginning with when the lights are extinguised
ROD MONOCHROMATS People who have no cones due to a genetic defect
ROD-CONE BREAK Place where the rods begin to determine the dark adaptation curve
VISUAL PIGMENT REGENERATION Process in which the retinal and opsin become rejoined. Occurs more rapidly in the cones that in the rods
COLOUR Visual pigment bleaching
DETACHED RETINA Condition in which visual pigment can ´t regenerate. The retina has become separated from the pigment epithelium (where it rests on)
ABSORPTION SPECTRUM Plot of the amount of light absorbed by a substance vs. the wavelength of the light
LATERAL INHIBITION Inhibition transmitted across the retina
PERCEPTION OF LIGHTNESS Perception of shades ranging from white to gray to black
BELONGINGNESS Principle which states that an area´s appearance is influenced by the part of the surrounding to which the area appears to belong
NEURAL CONVERGENCE Property that occurs when one neuron receives signals from many other neurons
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