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Description
Flashcards by Freya Coombes, updated more than 1 year ago
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Created by Freya Coombes
about 9 years ago
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| Question | Answer |
| Weather | Short term, day to day changes in temperature, wind, cloud cover etc. |
| Climate | Average conditions over a 30 year period like precipitation and air pressure etc. |
| Volcanic Eruption Theoery | Ash, dust and gas from the eruption reflects sunlight back into space e.g. Mount Pinitubo |
| Asteroid Collisions | When they collide in space dust and rubble can darken earth as they reflect the sunlight back into space. When they are close to or collide with earth the asteroids release huge amounts of CO2 which heats up earth e.g. Tunguska Blast. |
| Orbital Theory | -Earth rotates around the moon in a circular pattern but every 21,000 years it spins on an ellipse moving closer to the sun. -Earth tilts on its axis. currently it is at 24.44° which is decreasing -Earth wobbles on its axis (gyroscopic wobble) |
| Sun Spots | Due to dust in front of the sun, two dark spots appear on the earths surface. They only occur in pairs and heat up the earth every 11 years. |
| Greenhouse Gases | 0.1% of the suns energy reaches earth and is absorbed or trapped in the atmosphere. |
| Ecosystem | A biological community of interacting plants and animals and their physical environment. |
| Mega Fauna | Large animals over 40 kg e.g. woolly mammoth, glypton, saber tooth tiger, giant beaver, giant elk etc. |
| Mega Fauna Evolved During The Ice Age And When It Ended The Temperature Rose 5 °C in 10,000. Why did the Mega Fauna Die? | The mega fauna couldn't adapt to the new, higher temperatures so died out. |
| Temperate Maritime | The climate is mild and wet like in the UK. |
| Latitude | Distance north or south of the equator. As latitude increase the suns angle in the sky lowers., spreading heat energy over more of the earth surface. it affects the amount of sun the UK gets and its strength during different seasons. |
| North Atlantic Current (Drift) | It brings warm air across the Atlantic Ocean and provides higher temperatures in the winter. |
| Air Mass | Large bodies of air with the same temperature, pressure and humidity. They move over large distances and the weather from the origin affects the weather they bring. The UK is affected by 5 air masses. |
| Prevailing Winds | Comes from both the North and South. If it comes from the North it is colder and if it comes from the South it is warmer. |
| Distance From Sea | The closer you are to the sea the warmer it is in winter and the colder it is in summer. |
| Altitude | The height of the land. The lower you are the warmer it is. |
| 3 Main Greenhouse Gases | CO2- caused by burning fossil fuels -89% of greenhouse gases increased by 30% Nitrogen-jet aircraft engines, cars and lorries, fertilization and sewage farms -3% of greenhouse gases Methane- gas pipe leaks, rice farms -7% of gases increased by 250% |
| -Sun warms up the earth surface -Some warmth radiates up from the surface into the atmosphere -Without greenhouse gases the warmth escapes back into space -With the gases some warmth is trapped. we need gases but not too many. | |
| Cause Of Greenhouse Gases | Cause- more heat is trapped increasing the average temperature. Between 1905 and 2007 the temp increased 0.75 °C. Over 90% of the worlds valley glaciers are shrinking. Floods, droughts and heat waves.Estimated that by 2100 the temp will rise 1.1-64. °C. May be more storms and hurricanes |
| Effects Of Greenhouse Gases | Effects- Methane production is on the rise due to increased wealth in Asia. Since 1980 we have seen 19 to 20 warmest summers ever. From 1870 to 2005 the sea rose 195 mm. Over consumption of fossil fuels. Hard to predict population growth. |
| The UK's Future Climate Economic And Environmental Impacts | Economic -Hotter summers mean more tourists -Protecting cities from flooding will cost a lot of money so we will lose places to flooding Environmental -Rising sea levels will cause erosion to coastal areas -Ecosystems may become extinct |
| Little Ice Age 1400 - 1800 | -Famine -Transport difficulties (North sea treacherous) -Glaciers Expanding -Rich wronged the poor -Not prepared for the cold (deaths) -Move South for warmth |
| Asteroid Collision Siberia 1908 | -5-10 km above Earth -80 million trees knocked over -30 mega tonnes of energy produced |
| Eruption Theory Mt Pinatubo Philippines 1991 | -14 million tonnes of sulpher dioxide produced -Cooled the planet by 10% -0.5°C lost for a year |
| Bangladesh Floods 2012 | -Killed 110 + -Destroyed over 360,000 homes -5 million people affected -230,000 acres damaged -Called of rescue due to deaths -UK sent £75 million |
| Bangladesh Fact File | -Contributes 1% of greenhouse gas emissions -Developing country(8th biggest population) -GDP $153.6 billion -142.3 million population (60% under 25) -If sea rises 1 meter 10% of land will flood |
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