Flashcards
Cell Pathology
Cards in this deck (49)
- 1—Simple epithelium
-Single layer
-Gaseous/fluid exchange - 2—Emphysema
-Fenestrations in alveolar wall
-Enlarged airpsaces
-May see inflammation
-May see more macrophages
- 3—Medulla
-Highly basophilic (catecholamines)
-Capsule
-Vascular
-Venous channels
-Ganglions present
- 4—Lung anthracosis
-Carbon accumulation
-May see granulomas
-Enlarged MPs - anthracotic
-No necrosis
-Multinucleated giant cells
- 5—Bronchogenic Carcinoma
-Thickened alveolar wall
-Small alveolar space
-Type II pneumocyte proliferation
-FIbrosis
- 6—Cerebrum
-White and grey matter
-Vascular
-Basophilic - catecholamines
-Corpus callosum - middle space
-Frontal lobe RHS
-Amygdala lower LHS
- 7—Cerebellum
-Purkinje cells
-White and grey matter
-Highly basophilic - catecholamines
-Granular layer
-Pia mater
-Nissl substance (purple)
-Cauliflower appearance
- 8—Spinal cord
-Nissl substance (purple - basophilic RNA in RER)
-Motor neurons
-Axons
- 9—Spinal cord
-Central canal - CSF
-White and grey matter
-Ventral and dorsal horns
- 10—Peripheral nerve
-Schwann cells
- 11—Peripheral nerve
-Epineurium
-Perineurium
-Endoneurium
- 12—Corpus luteum
-Fibrous scar visible
-Thick wall - lutein cells
-Central cavity - blood clot, replaced with connective tissue
-Oocytes on periphery
- 13—Ovary
-Largest - Graafian follicle
-Antral follicle
-Primary follicle (unseen)
-Primordial follicle (unseen)
-Capsule
-Vascular
- 14—Testis (Epididymus)
-Epididymus - single coiled duct
-Muscular layer
-Principal cells - tall coumnar, microvilli
- 15—Testis (semniferous tubule)
-Primary spermatocytes (rarely visible)
-Spermatogonia (on BM)
-Sertoli cells (large, prominent nucleus)
- 16—Testis
-Thick tunica albuginea capusle
-Connective tissue between lobules
-Semniferous tubules - coiled
- 17—Spleen
-Capsule
-Trabeculae
-White pulp (basophilic, lymphatic)
-Red pulp (eosinophilic, RBCs)
-Marginal zone (between red and white - interact)
- 18—Pancreas (PAS)
-Glycogen appears MAGENTA
- 19—Pancreas
-Islets of Langerhans (pale)
-Parasympathetic ganglions (v similar appearance)
-Exocrine cells (dark)
-Capsule
-Lymph nodes may be seen
-Lobes/lobules
- 20—Pancreatic duct
-Between lobules
- 21—Pancreas
-Capsule
-Lobes/lobules
-Adipose tissue with lymph nodes
- 22—Stomach (PAS)
-Mucins appear MAGENTA
- 23—Duodenum (glands)
-Brunner's glands
-Alkaline mucus in submucosa
- 24—Duodenum
-Thick SM - muscularis externa
-Submucosa (glands only present in oesophagus/duodenum)
-Mucosa - villi, brush border
- 25—Stomach
-Mucosa - glands, gastric pits
-Submucosa (connective tissue)
-Muscularis externa
-Adventitia (loose connective tissue)
- 26—Kidney (PAS) (Renal corpuscle)
-Basement membrane (red)
-Vascular loops of glomerulus
- 27—Kidney
-Capsule
-Cortex - ultrafiltration
-Medulla - urine
-Renal pelvis - to ureter
-Hilium - exit
- 28—Hepatitis
-Portal triad - inflammation, proliferation
-"Ballooning" of hepatocytes
-Necrosis (spotty)
- 29—Liver (PAS)
-Glycogen appears MAGENTA
- 30—Liver
-Hexagonal hepatocytes
-Central vein
-Portal triads
-Sinusoids
- 31—Adrenal gland
-Capsule
-Cortex
-Medulla
-Medullar vessel - large vein
- 32—Trachea
-Purple cartilage
-Smooth muscle
-Seromucous glands
-Columnar epithelium, pseudo-strat
- 33—Lung (alveoli)
-Type I and II pneumocytes
-Air spaces
- 34—Larynx (MT)
-Goblet cells
-Pseudostratified ep
-Laryngeal glands
- 35—Thyroid (MT)
-Follicular cell - colloid (thyroglobulin and thyroxin)
-Parafollicular cells
-Simple cuboidal
- 36—Cartilage
-Purple - collagen (matrix)
-Chondrocytes in matrix
-Pink/purple - MSCs
-Outer fibrous layer - fibroblasts
-Pink - perichondrium - connective tissue
- 37—Skin (dermis)
-Purple - papillary layer
-Thick connective tissue layer
-Glands
- 38—Epidermis (thick keratinised)
-Dead cells on outside
-Granular keratinocytes
-Keratinocytes - purple layer (spinosum)
-Dermis
- 39—Adipose (brown)
-Smaller
-Droplets
- 40—Adipose (white)
-Large cells
-Flattened nuclei
-Appear empty - lipids removed during processing
- 41—Skeletal muscle
-Striated
-Sarcomeres
-Gaps between myofibrils
-Satellite cells - dark, on surface
- 42—Skeletal muscle (longitudinal)
-Polygon shape
-Nuclei appear at periphery
- 43—Cardiac muscle
-Striations
-Can be 2 nuclei
-Branching
-Intercalated discs
- 44—Smooth muscle
-No striations
-Spindle-shaped
-Less gaps
-Little detail
- 45—Smooth muscle (cross-section)
-Central nuclei
-Spindle-shaped cells
- 46—Compact bone
-Osteons - unit
-Large osteoblasts
-Very small osteocytes
-Haversian vessel - remnants of BV/nerve
-Haversian canal - centre of an osteon
-Haverian lamellae - concentric circles
- 47—Transitional epithelium (relaxed)
-Apical - dome-shaped umbrella cells
-Several layers
- 48—Transitional epithelium (stretched)
-Umbrella cells flattened
-Several layers
- 49—Stratified epithelium
-Several layers
e.g. oesophagus