22676256
Description
Flashcards by Caitlin Blevins, updated more than 1 year ago
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Created by Caitlin Blevins
almost 4 years ago
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| Question | Answer |
| 4 Stages of Computing Process | 1. Input 2. Processing 3. Output 4. Storage |
| (LAN) | Local Area Network -devices on same network locally |
| Switch | A device built into a router that other devices connect to to talk to each other |
| (WAN) | Wide Area Network -2 or more LAN networks connected together. Router connects to a switch to communicate to one another |
| Backbone | The huge connections the internet is made of |
| Remotely Accessed Computer Systems | Online apps that use remote servers |
| Specialized Computers / Specialty Devices | Devices made for a specific task such as a printer, digital camera, etc. |
| POS | Point of Sale System -machine meant to sell stuff that connects to a remote server to process purchase. (ATM, gas pump, etc.) |
| CPU | Central Processing Unit |
| Hertz (Hz) | Basic measurement of CPU's speed. Measured in frequency (1 Hz = 1 cycle per second.) |
| Gigahertz (GHz) | A billion cycles per second. Modern CPUs are measured with this |
| 32-bit Processor | Only supports 32-bit software. Can only support 4 Gb of RAM |
| 64-bit Processor | Only supports 64-bit software. Can handle millions more memory than 32-bit |
| Passive Cooling | Relies on air to draw heat away from electronic parts |
| Heat Sink | Structure that draws heat away from electronic parts and helps heat dissipate in the air. Copper or Aluminum structures. |
| Active Cooling | Uses a device to push or pull heat from computing components. Ex: A fan (pull heat out into air) and liquid cooling (carries heat away in liquid filled tubes) |
| RAM | Random Access Memory -holds all active programming on computer (OS and data) -store data only temporarily |
| System Memory | The amount of usable RAM in a computer. -how much stuff a computer can work on at one time. |
| DIMM | Dual Inline Memory Modules -sticks of RAM on side of motherboard |
| Motherboard | Main printed circuit board. Everything connects to a motherboard and every computing device has one. |
| ATX | Advanced Technology eXtended -a motherboard and power supply configuration specification |
| Micro (μ) ATX | Micro Advanced Technology eXtended -standard of motherboards -μ is used commonly to mean micro |
| μ | Micro (Greek letter for Mu) |
| AC | Alternating Current -used by electrical grids (wall sockets) -invented by Tesla |
| DC | Direct Current -Computing devices use this -Batteries provide this -invented by Edison |
| Power Adapter | Takes AC out of wall socket, converts it to DC, and recharges battery. (Cell phones, tablets, cameras, etc.) |
| Power Brick | Power Adapter for laptops. |
| PSU | Power Supply Unit -computers use this -the AC power converted to DC power directly runs computer without battery |
| PS/2 Connector | -very old mouse and keyboard port |
| USB | Universal Serial Bus -used for a variety of things |
| HDMI Connector | High Definition Multimedia Interface -used for high def for both audio and video |
| VGA Connector |
-standard definition
-used for older monitors
-it is blue
Image:
Vga (binary/octet-stream)
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| Display Port Connector | -high definition video and audio mainly used for PCs -similar to HDMI |
| DVI connector | Standard definition for monitors. -better resolution than VGA -used for larger screens -it is white |
| eSATA connector |
External Serial Advanced Technology Attachment
-used for external drives and devices
-not commonly used as much anymore
-sometime red
Image:
E Sata (binary/octet-stream)
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| RJ-45 Connector | Ethernet -connecting networks |
| Audio Connectors | -colored circle ports -Green = Speakers -Pink = Microphone |
| USB-A | -standard rectangular USB |
| USB-B |
-roughly square USB
-The Standard-B design is used for connecting large peripheral devices, such as printers or scanners, to a computer and was made for the USB 1.1
Image:
Usb B (binary/octet-stream)
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| USB Mini-B and USB Micro-B | -used to connect digital devices to PCs -micro-B is used for more compact devices (smart phones) |
| Micro-B USB 3.0 | -used for small portable devices -10x faster |
| USB-C |
-Universal Connector
-symmetrical on both sides
-fast and carries more power. 10 Gbps transfer rate
Image:
Usb C (binary/octet-stream)
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| Binary | Base 2 -The way computers count -deals with electricity and wires -1 means electricity is on -0 means electricity is off -every wire doubles the binary combinations which doubles complexity |
| HDD | Hard Disk Drive -most common, mass used storage device -long term storage -measured by complexity (how much info they can hold) and speed (how fast they can access info) |
| Digital | Means it operates on digits. 1's and 0's |
| Bit | -1 digit -smallest unit of data in a computer |
| Byte | -8 bits -how we measure storage compacity |
| Kilobyte (kb) | 1024 bytes |
| Megabyte (mb) | 1024 kilobytes |
| Gigabyte (gb) | 1024 megabytes |
| Terabyte (tb) | 1024 gigabytes -most modern devices are measured with this |
| SSD | Solid State Drive -interior hard drive -very fast -performs better than HDD -local direct storage |
| External Disk Drive | -portable storage - typically have high storage capacities and are often used to back up computers or serve as a network drive -local direct storage |
| Optical Media | CD, DVD, Blu-Ray Disk -local direct storage |
| Flash Drive | Local direct storage |
| NAS | Network Attached Storage -2-6 Hard Drive machine -has own OS system -connects to the internet -share with other locations by logging in -good for backup |
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