biology B3

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Flashcards on biology B3, created by 2010mackintoshe on 22/03/2015.
2010mackintoshe
Flashcards by 2010mackintoshe, updated more than 1 year ago
2010mackintoshe
Created by 2010mackintoshe over 9 years ago
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Question Answer
Which side of the heat is deoxygnated? Right
Which side of the heart is oxygenated? Left
What vein returns deoxgyenated blood? Vena Cava- right side
The pulmonary artery carries blood to. . . the lungs
The aorta carries blood to. . . the body
What vein carries oxygenated blood to the heart? Pulmonary vein-side
What do the valves do? Prevent the black flow of blood (control blood flow)
What vessels supply oxygen to heart? Coronary
What do the coronary vessels do? supply oxygen to the blood
Which scientist is associated with the heart? Harvey
What's Harvey's revolutionary idea? That the heart pumps blood
What did people think before Harvey's idea? That vessels in the heart were filled with air
How thick are capillaries? one cell thick
What can happen in capillaries? Diffusion of oxygen
Where is ventricles found? bottom of the heart
What shape does a red blood cell have, on it's side? biconcave shape
What has a biconcave shape? A red blood cell, on it's side
What doesn't have a nucleus? a red blood cell
What does a red blood cell do? Carry oxygen
What does a white blood cell do? Fight infections
What is another name for a white blood cell that fights diseases? phagocyte
What does a white blood cell have? multi-lobular nucleus
what cell doesn't have a distinct shape? White blood cell
What does the platelets do? clot the blood
what does the plamsa do dissolves food/glucose
What two substances are transported in blood plasma? Glucose/food
How does what enter the roots? Osmosis
How does water move? Transpiration
What the the little holes in the leaf called? Stomata
What is the stomata? Little holes in the leaf
What's in the middle of a stalk of a plan Xylem
Where is the xylem located? in the middle of a plant (it's stalk)
How is water pulled up through the plant? Evaporation from the stomata
What does the phloem do? Transport sugar
Which part of a plant transport suga Phloem
What does the Xylem do? Transport water
Which part of the plant transports water? Xylem
What can be used to measure the rate of transportation? Potometer
How can a potometer be used to measure the rate of transportation? The plant takes up the water, from the water reserve and the bubble moves along the capillary tube; how much the bubble have moved it the rate of transport.
What process allow minerals to enter in the xylem? Active transport
What does the stomata allow? Gases in and out on the leaves
What does the sclera do? Protects the inner eye structure and help maintains the eye's rounded shape.
What part of the eye helps protect the inner structures? Scelera
What helps the eyes maintain the eye's rounded shape? Scelera
What causes light ray to bend when they pass through the eye? Cornea
What does the cornea do? cause light rays to bend as they pass through
What is the pupils ? The hole in eye controlled by the iris.
What part of the eye is controlled by the iris? Pupil
What does the iris do? Regulates the amount of light that enters the eye
What part of the eye regulates the amount of light that enters the eye? Iris
What does the lens do? Focuses pictures on the retina
What does the choroid do? Stops lights being reflected in eye (and supplies the eye with food and oxygen).
Which part of the eyes stops light being reflected in the eye? Choriod
What does the retina do? sends messages to the brain
What id the retina sensitive to? Light
What happens at the blind spot? Blood vessels and nerves join.
What does the optic nerve do? Sends signals to the brain
What does CNS stand me? Central Nervous system
When does a signal travel electrically? At each neuron
When does the signal become chemical? At the synapse
State the seven stages at the return of the reflex. 1. Stimulus 2. Receptor 3. Sensory Neuron 4. Synapse 5. Relay Neuron 6. Motor Neuron 7. Effecter Muscle
What is the job of the kidney? cleans the blood by removing salts that are no need (like potassium) removes excess salts removes urea in the from of urine re-absorption of water and glucose
What are the advantages of Dialysis? Keeps you alive
What are the disadvantages of dialysis? The time taken of it A transplant is quicker Diet has the change because of it.
What are the advantages of a transplant? Life can go back to normal, normal food/drink, hospital visits aren't as regular
what are the disadvantages of a transplant? Have to have drugs that will lower the immune system- immunosuppresants there is a rick of reject
What is the role of the nephron? It extracts wastes products
What products are removed by the nephron? Urea and excess salts
What products are re-absorbed by the nephron? Glucose and water
why is the blood delivered at a high pressure at Bowman's capsule? Blood at a high pressure means a higher amount of blood goes through it, by filtration
what does ADH stand for? Anti diuretic hormone
What does the ADH do? Stops you peeing, makes the kidney reabsorb water, it mkes the urine more concentrated.
How/where is the anti-diuretic hormone produced? It travels in the blood and is produces by the pituitary gland.
What produces ADH? the pituitary gland.
Who was the scientist that discovered penicillin? Fleming
On a agar plate, what does a larger clear zone show#? a more successful and better antibacterial
How do you keep an aspetic technique? (agar plate) Sterilise it with fire on the burnsen burner, only open the agar jelly at a slight angle
What does a phagocyte do? Engulfs pathogen
Who was Edward Jenner? He was the first doctor to vaccinate people against smallpox.
How did Jenner discover the vaccination? He carried out on an experiment of Phipps. He took pus, taken from a cowpox, and inserted on the boys arm. He proved that having been inoculated with cowpox Phipps was immune to smallpox.
What is the difference between cowpox and smallpox? Cowpox- a viral disease of a cows' udders Smallpox- an acute contagious viral disease, with fever and pustules that leaves permanent scars.
What happens when a virus/bacteria enters a body? The virus/bacteria has antigens. These antigens have a certain shape design to the them. The white blood cell creates antibodies to create the same shape. The white blood cells create/use memory cell to remember the specific shape.
What is mycoprotein? (Quorn) A meat substitute made from fungi. It is low in fat and high in protein.
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