23578901
Description
Flashcards by Amber Castle, updated more than 1 year ago
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Created by Amber Castle
almost 4 years ago
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| Question | Answer |
| Alpha | 8-13 Hz Occipital distribution Attenuates with Eye opening Alpha Squeak |
| Beta | 14-30 Hz Frontal distribution More prominent in drowsiness/light sleep |
| Theta | 4-8 Hz diffuse distribution or bitemporal regions increase in drowsiness |
| Delta | >4 hz Variable distribution Normal in deep sleep, abnormal during wakefulness |
| Mu | 8-10 Hz Central distribution attenuates with contralateral extremity movement |
| What are the EEG characteristics are present in stage I sleep/drowsiness? | slow rolling eye movements, V-waves, attenuation of alpha, central/frontocentral theta, enhanced beta, POSTS, hypnagogic hypersynchrony |
| When are V waves first seen? | as early as 2 months of age |
| What EEG characteristics are present in stage II sleep? | Sleep spindles, K complexes, V waves, attenuation of alpha, central/frontocentral theta, enhanced Beta, POSTS, Hypnagogic Hypersynchrony, Delta |
| What EEG characteristics are present in stage III sleep? | Mostly delta, with sleep spindles and K complexes |
| What EEG characteristics are present in REM sleep? | Low amplitude, mixed frequency, Rapid eye movements, saw tooth waves, EEG desynchronization |
| What are the most prominent physiological artifacts which may be present on the EEG? | EMG (muscle) ECG Sweat sway |
| What are the most prominent non-physiological artifacts which may be present on EEG? | 60 Hz/ alternating current electrode artifact |
| Describe Bell's Phenomenon | the eye acts as a dipole with cornea as positive pole and retina negative pole. This causes artifact with eye movements- looking upwards or closing eyes causes a positive EEG deflection, and looking downwards/closing eyes causes a negative deflection |
| What is Epilepsy? | a disorder of the brain characterized by an enduring predisposition to generate epileptic seizures and by the neurobiologic, cognitive, psychological, and social consequences of this condition. |
| What are interictal Epileptiform discharges? | Distinctive waves or complexes which are distinguished from the background and which resemble similar patterns that have been recorded in subjects with epilepsy |
| What are the 4 morphologies of interictal discharges? | Sharp waves, spikes, polyspikes, sharp and slow wave or spike and slow wave complex |
| What are the four categories of electrographic response to photic stimulation? | Visual evoked response, photic driving, Photomyogenic response, photoparoxysmal response |
| What are the contraindications for hyperventilation? | acute stroke, recent intracranial hemorrhage, large vessel stenosis, documented moya moya disease, cardiopulmonary disease, sickle cell disease |
| What are normal responses to hyperventilation? | no change OR symmetrical slow activity/ FIRDA / OIRDA |
| Why is it important to ask time of last meal? | Because hyperglycemia can cause a marked response to HV |
| Which epilepsy syndromes commonly show activation with sleep? | benign occipital epilepsy in infancy, Lennox-Gastaut syndrome, benign epileptiform central/midtemporal spikes, juvenile myoclonic epilepsy, frontal lobe epilepsy, Landau-Kleffner |
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