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| Question | Answer |
| What side effect can furosemide (Lasix) cause and how would symptoms of this condition present? | Lasix can cause hypokalemia which could present as bradycardia with a flattened T-wave, extreme weakness, slow GI motility, and metabolic alkalosis. |
| You are assigned a patient who's ABG's are currently: pH 7.32, PaCO2 48 mm Hg, and HCO3 19 mEq/L. What state is this patient in and how would you treat it? | Respiratory acidosis. Treat by having patient blow off CO2 through pursed lip breathing. |
| You are assigned a patient who's pulse is bounding, has JVD, edema, and lung crackles upon auscultation. What is this patient's problem and how would you treat it? | Fluid volume overload. Treat by drawing labs to determine underlying cause and treat cause appropriately. Contact HCP to change order on meds and IV infusions. |
| You are assigned a cancer patient that is experiencing fatigue, SOB, dizziness, and chest pain. After receiving report from the lab, you notice this patient has pancytopenia. What condition do you suspect and how do you treat it? | Aplastic anemia treated by a blood and marrow stem cell transplant and possibly medication. |
| You are caring for a septic patient. When assessing their skin you notice petechiae and cyanotic fingertips. The patient also has hypotension and complains of shart swelling pain. What is your main concern and how would you treat it? | DIC Treat with fluid replacement and antithrombin drugs. Since this patient is septic, do NOT give heparin. |
| You are caring for a patient with leukemia whose labs today read WBC of 3,500 mm3 and bands at 300. What would you suspect as the problem and what does that entail? | Shift to the left. Neutropenic precautions needed. Restrict visitors, remove flowers, isolate patient, and remove raw fruits and vegetables from diet. |
| You are caring for a patient who has peptic ulcer disease. When assessing the patient's abdomen, you notice it is rigid and board-like and the patient complains of pain and tenderness. What do you suspect and how would you treat it? | Peritonitis/ Bowel perforation Treat with antibiotics and possibly surgery |
| The patient with gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) complains of a chronic cough. The nurse understands that in a patient with GERD this symptom may be indicative of what? | Aspiration of gastric contents |
| A 5'3" patient who weighs 190 pounds comes in the clinic complaining of heart burn and dysphagia. When getting a history, the patient reports the he does a lot of heavy lifting as part of his job. What would you suspect and how you diagnose it and treat it? | Sliding hiatal hernia. Diagnosed by barium fluroscopy. Treated with ranatidine (Zantac), lifestyle changes, diet, and surgery. |
| A patient with Hepatitis C is experiencing behavioral and personality changes. Recently he also has a depressed level of consciousness. After drawing blood you find out that the patient's level of blood ammonia is elevated along with their ALT and AST. What do you suspect is the problem and how would you treat it? | Hepatic encephalopathy secondary to cirrhosis. Treated with lactulose |
| You are caring for a patient with steatorrhea, obstructive jaundice, and metabolic acidosis. What do you suspect and how is it treated? | Pancreatitis Treated with pancreatic enzymes and H2 receptor blockers or PPI's. |
| What does prednisone do and what could be some problems associated with taking it? | Controls inflammation, bronchodilates, aids autoimmune diseases Problem is immunosuppressant, weight gain by Na+ and H2O retention, and hyperglycemia |
| You are assigned a patient with bilateral ulnar drift and stiffness in their hands. They need help with ADL's and told you their grandmother had the same problem. What would you suspect and how would you treat it? | Rheumatoid arthritis Tx w/ methyltrexate, steroids, or immune modulators |
| What is the maximum amount of medication to be given IM deltoid? | 1 ml |
| A patient with recent gastric surgery starts experiencing vertigo, tachycardia, syncope, sweating, pallor, palpitations, desire to lie down within 30 minutes of eating. What would you suspect and how would you help the patient manage it? | Dumping Syndrome Eat small amount at the time Eliminating liquids ingested with meals Eat a high-protein, high-fat, low- to moderate-carbohydrate diet acarbose (Precose) octreotide (Sandostatin) |
| A patient presents with exopthalmos, thin hair, tachycardia, weight loss, and anxiety. What's the diagnosis? Is this curable? How do you treat it? | Hyperthyroidism Curable Treated with PTU or possibly surgery |
| If one of your patients had hypoparathyroidism, what signs and symptoms would you expect to see? How would you treat it? | chvostek’s and trousseau’s signs, muscle cramps and spams Treat with calcium, vitamin D, and magnesium supplementation for a lifetime |
| You gave a patient insulin 30 minutes before one of their meals. You check back on the patient 7 hours later and realize they didn't eat their meal and are now hypoglycemic. Based on this information, which type of insulin was most likely administered? | NPH |
| An HIV patient is given a transdermal TB test. 48 hours later the patient returns to have it read. The induration is 5 mm. Is this a positive finding for TB in this patient? | Yes |
| You are a scrub nurse assisting with surgery. The patient is on isoflurane and succinylcholine. During the operation, you notice the patient becoming tachypneic and tachycardic. His BP is also climbing along with his temperature. What condition does this patient have and what are your goals in treatment? What intervention should you do first? | Malignant Hyperthermia Nursing goal is to relax the body, manage the airway, and cool the body Turn off anesthesia and succinylcholine and medicate with Dantrolene. |
| Before surgery, why is it important to assess a patient's smoking history? | Oxygenation and clotting issues. |
| Allergies to which type of food could indicate a problem when preparing a patient's surgical site? | Shellfish (iodine) |
| Cor pulmonale from emphysema eventually results in ________-sided heart failure. | right |
| When treating a patient with pneumonia, what is your first priority? | Give them oxygen, followed by antibiotics, hydration, rest, and antipyretics |
| What conditions is a woman on hormone replacement therapy pre-disposed to? | Breast cancer, venous thrombosis, stroke, and MI |
| You have a 6 month post-mastectomy patient complaining of lack of sensation on the same side where her mastectomy took place. As her nurse you tell her.... | this is a normal finding. |
| What kind of post-op care will you provide to a TURP patient? | Catheter for at least a day. Bladder irrigation Urine will be blood tinged after surgery & small blood clots & tissue debris may pass while catheter is in place & right after it is removed Will need to increase fluid intake to at least 2000 to 2500 mL per day (unless medically contraindicated-renal disease, heart failure |
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