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Description
Flashcards by harriet.partington1, updated more than 1 year ago
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Created by harriet.partington1
almost 9 years ago
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| Question | Answer |
| What are the different types of energy? | Potential energy, kinetic energy, chemical energy, light energy, thermal energy, nuclear energy, electrical energy and sound energy. |
| What is potential energy? | Energy possessed by something because of its position e.g. a compressed spring, a ball above the ground |
| What is chemical energy? | The energy caused when substances mix and react e.g. humans burning there food, batteries |
| What is light energy? | Light is the energy produced by anything hot e.g. a bulb, fire |
| What is thermal energy? | Energy produced by an object when its atoms are moving e.g. anything hot, anything glowing |
| What is nuclear energy? | The energy produced by radio activity when atoms are split one fused together e.g. atomic bombs, nuclear reactions. |
| What is electrical energy? | Energy produced when charges move e.g. a motor, light bulb, and generator |
| What is sound energy? | Energy caused by vibrations of molecules e.g. clap, humming, plucked string |
| What is the law of conservation of energy? | Energy cannot be created or destroyed it can only be transferred from one form to another. |
| What are three methods of heat transfer? | Conduction depends atoms and molecules, convection depends on atoms and molecules, and radiation depends on INRA-RED waves |
| What is conduction? | Condition is the energy passed from one vibrating atom to the next. All metals are good conductors, water is a poor conductor and air is a very poor conductor. |
| What is convection? | Convection is where hot liquids and gases expand and rise while the cooler liquid or gas falls (convection currents) |
| What is radiation? | Radiation is where energy is transferred by infra-red rays which can travel through a vacuum at the speed of light. Dull black surfaces are good radiators and good absorbers, shiny bright surfaces are poor radiators and poor absorbers - they reflect the infra-red rays. The hotter the object the more energy it radiates. |
| What is the calculation for efficiency? | Efficiency = used energy out ÷ total energy in x 100 |
| What is the calculation for power? | Power = energy/ work done ÷ time |
| What is the calculation for work done/ energy? | Work done/ energy = power x time |
| What is the calculation for time? | Time = work done/ energy ÷ power |
| What is the calculation for density? | Density = mass ÷ volume |
| What is the calculation for pressure? | Pressure = force ÷ area |
| What is force measured in? | Force is measured in newton’s N |
| What is area measured in? | Area is measured in meaters2 m2 |
| What is pressure measured in? | Pressure is measured in newton’s per meters2 n/m2 |
| What is the calculation for force? | Force = pressure x area |
| What are the characteristics of a solid? | A solid is lightly packed, held in a fixed pattern or crystal structure by strong forces between them, vibrate about their fixed position |
| What are the characteristics of a liquid? | A liquid is fairly lightly packed (less than a solid), are not held in a fixed position but are still bound together by strong forces, they move randomly |
| What are the characteristics of a gas? | Gasses are very spread out, have no fixed position, move with a rapid motion |
| What is the temperature of absolute zero? | Absolute zero is -273 orc |
| What is a wave? | A wave is a repeated move meant about an average position. |
| What are the two types of waves? | Transverse and longitudinal |
| What is a transverse wave? | Water waves, gamma waves, light waves. Here the vibrations are at 90o to the direction of travel of the wave. |
| What is a longitudinal wave? | Sound waves and p waves (seismic waves) Here the vibrations are parallel to the direction of travel of the wave. |
| What is frequency? | Frequency is the number of waves per second |
| What do us measure frequency in? | We measure frequency in Hertz Hz |
| What is wavelength? | The wavelength is the distance between a point on one wave and the same point on the next |
| What is a period? | A period is the time taken to produce one complete wave |
| What is amplitude? | Amplitude is the maximum disturbance from the wave’s undisturbed position |
| What is speed? | Speed is the speed at which it takes one wave length to pass |
| What is equation for time period? | Time period = 1 ÷ frequency |
| What is the equation for wave speed? | Wave speed = frequency x wavelength |
| What are some different types of waves? | Radio waves, microwaves, infrared waves, visible light waves, ultraviolet waves, x-ray , gamma rays |
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