Flashcards
Crime & Deviance Cards
Cards in this deck (52)
- 1What are the 2 types of police?Neighborhood- Community Support
Reactive- Respond to 999 calls - 2What type of policing is referred to as plastic policing?Neighborhood
- 3what are the 3 types of relationships between society and the police?Consensual
Conflict
late modern - 4What theory is linked with the consensual approach?Functionalist
- 5Consensual approachPolice have close relationship with area
Police respect interests of the law abiding people
offices are drawn from the community
Reacts to needs of community - 6what is a problem with the consensual approach?Criminals are not always caught
- 7what theories link with the conflict approach?Marxist & Feminist
- 8Conflict ApproachWorking class and ethnic minorities are targeted by the police
most police offices & high ranking offices are male
impose law & order that reflect the needs of the more powerful groups - 9Conflict Approach- REINERPeople stopped & searched/ held by the police are mainly young, unemployed males from ethnic minority groups
- 10Problem with the conflict approach?In some cases middle classed get arrested for things such as fraud
- 11what theory links with the late modern approach?Post modern
- 12Late modern approachshift towards neighborhood policing represents an extension of control over the population as the police are integrating themselves in the community
- 13criticisms of the late modern approachMore opt to the role of the police
Neighborhood police don't have much power - 14FUNCTIONALISM Key informationCrime is beneficial for society & without it society would fail
- 15FUNCTIONALISM Collective conscienceAgreed set of norms and values society agrees to
- 16FUNCTIONALISM AnomeBreakdown of norms and values
- 17FUNCTIONALISM link to other theoriesMarx- doesn't look at class or white collar crime
- 18FUNCTIONALISM 6 positive functions of devianceMarks extremes of behavior
Publicity function
Reflects wishes of population
Strengthens bonds
Provide safety value
Warning device - 19FUNCTIONALISM What is meant when crime is described as a warning device?You can see whats not working in society
- 20FUNCTIONALISM Merton's Strain theoryDeviance occurs in society when members are unable to meet society's set goals
- 21FUNCTIONALISM What are the 5 types of strain?Conformist
Innovator
Ritualist
Retreatist
Rebel - 22FUNCTIONALISM What is a confomist?Most common
Teachers
People who have gone through education - 23FUNCTIONALISM What is an innivatior?Drug dealers
People who create their own means to achieve societies set goals - 24FUNCTIONALISM What is a ritualist?Low paid workers
- 25FUNCTIONALISM What is retreatist?Alcohol/ Drugs
People who haven't done societies set means and cannot achieve set goals so retreat into their own world - 26FUNCTIONALISM What is a rebel?Terrorists/ Freedom fighters
people who don't agree with society so create own means and goals - 27FUNCTIONALISM Why doesn't the ritualist turn to crime?Socialized not to
- 28FUNCTIONALISM Strengths of strain theoryProvides theoretical reason to explain why people conform & deviate
outlines an number of potential deviance - 29FUNCTIONALISM weakness of strain theoryIgnores power struggle in society
- 30FUNCTIONALISM Hirschi's Bonds of attachmentHumans are rational and will only turn to crime when the advantages outweigh the disadvantages
People attach themselves to society - 31FUNCTIONALISM what are the 4 bonds of attachment?commitment
Involvement
Attachment
Belief - 32MARXISM CarcinogenicAn unequal society that pushes people to commit crime
- 33MARXISM how much do middle class crimes cost the government?£14 billion a year
- 34MARXISM what 2 factors lead to status frustration and sometimes crimes of power such as domestic violence and rape?low income
low status work - 35MARXISM capitalism causes inequality in...wealth
income
poverty
unemployment
homelessness - 36MARXISM Why do working classes commit crime?statistics ignore upper class crime
working class socialized into not being afraid of breaking the law
breakdown of working class areas
working class have no money
lack of power that working class have - 37MARXISM Non decision makinghappens in the creation of laws- many human needs ignored in the favor of working classes
- 38MARXISM CHAMBLISSArgues that the increased importance of business & trade led to vast numbers of laws being passed to protect the interests of the upper class
- 39MARXISM What is the problem with CHAMBLISS' theory?Purely theoretical
- 40MARXISM White collar crimecrime committed by a person of respectability and high social status in the course of their occupation
- 41MARXISM Examples of white collar crimeFraud
Insider dealing
Tax evasion - 42MARXISM How many deaths are caused by employer negligence?2/3
- 43MARXISM Why do white collar crimes go undetected?low visibility
complexity
diffusion of responsibility
diffusion of victimization - 44MARXISM why is white collar crime seen as a problem?not feared by public
offences are invisible
indirect offences
difficult to see where blame lies
complex- not fully understood - 45INTERACTIONISTdeviant actions are those, which are defined as deviant
- 46INTERACTIONIST Deviance is...socially constructed
- 47INTERACTIONIST Master Statusonce a label has been applied all other actions are interpreted in the light of the label
- 48INTERACTIONIST Self- Fulfilling prophecywhen a person starts to act like the label they have been given
- 49INTERACTIONIST Looking glass self- COOLEYwe build our identity as a result of how others act and respond to us
- 50INTERACTIONIST Projective labelingusing a deviants identity to project a future action
- 51INTERACTIONIST Becker labelling theoryif an audience decides that a certain act is deviant segregation occurs
Segregation creates 'outsiders' outcast from society
labeling leads to a self fulfilling prophecy - 52INTERACTIONIST Moral EntrepreneursPolice
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- A-level Sociology (Crime and deviance) Flashcards on Crime & Deviance Cards, created by Charlotte Gray5800 on 27/05/2015.
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- Charlotte Gray5800
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