3170489
Description
Flashcards by Theamae Garcia, updated more than 1 year ago
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Created by Theamae Garcia
over 8 years ago
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| Question | Answer |
| Atoms of different elements have different... | Proton numbers |
| Arranging elements in order of their proton numbers is called... | Periodicity - repeating patterns of their properties |
| What early attempts to link elements together were dismissed by the scientific community? | Döbereiner's triads - linked in threes with average RAM in middle Newlands' octaves - linked by every eighth with similar properties |
| What did Mendeleev's Periodic Table enable him to do? | Predict the properties of newly discovered elements - their relative atomic mass and chemical properties |
| What is a group on the periodic table? | Vertical column - elements have similar properties |
| How can you use a Periodic Table to classify if an element is a metal or a non-metal? | Which side element is on - left is metal and right is non-metal |
| What are the chemical symbols for Group 1 metals? | Lithium = Li Sodium = Na Potassium = K |
| What happens when alkali metals are cut? | Tarnish - become dull due to a layer of oxide |
| Describe the reactions of lithium, sodium and potassium with water | Reacts vigorously - releases hydrogen gas and a metal hydroxide in an alkaline solution (MOH) |
| What are compounds of alkali metals with chlorine called? | Salts - crystalline solids, soluble in water |
| What's the pattern of Group 1 alkali metals as you go down the group? | Becomes more reactive - melting/boiling points decrease as you go down the group |
| What are the precautions necessary for working with Group 1 metals? | Can react with water - wear protective gloves and goggles |
| What are the chemical symbols for Group 7 halogens? | Chlorine = Cl Bromine = Br Iodine = I |
| What are the states of Group 7 halogens at room temperature? | Chlorine - green gas, toxic Bromine - red liquid, toxic and corrosive Iodine - purple solid, harmful |
| What do halogen molecules consist of? | Diatomic molecules |
| What happens in displacement reactions? | Alkali metals - chlorine +sodium bromide -> sodium chloride +bromine Iron - glows more with chlorine that it does bromine and iodine |
| What precautions need to be taken when dealing with Group 7 halogens? | Toxic gases - eye protection and fume cupboard Corrosive - chemical resistant gloves |
| What's the formulae for hydrogen, water and halogen? | Hydrogen - H(little 2) Water - H(little 2)O Halogen - Cl(little 2), Br(little 2), I(little 2) |
| Chlorides, bromides and iodides for lithium, sodium and potassium | LiCl (lithium chloride) NaCl (sodium chloride) KCl (potassium chloride) |
| Write balanced symbol equation for sodium and water | sodium + water -> sodium hydroxide + hydrogen 2Na + H2O -> 2NaOH +H2 |
| What's the structure of an atom? | Nucleus - protons and neutrons Outside - electrons in shells |
| What's the relative masses and charges of protons, neutrons and electrons? | Proton - RAM 1, charge +1 Neutron - RAM 1, charge 0 Electron - RAM 0.0005, charge -1 |
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