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| Question | Answer |
| himalaya mts | a mountain range extending about 1500 miles (2400 km) along the border between India and Tibet. Highest peak, Mt. Everest, 29,028 feet (8848 meters). |
| monsoon | the seasonal wind of the Indian Ocean and southern Asia, blowing from the southwest in summer and from the northeast in winter. |
| harappa | a village in Pakistan: site of successive cities of the Indus valley civilization. |
| aryans | Ethnology. a member or descendant of the prehistoric people who spoke Indo-European. |
| sanskrit | an Indo-European, Indic language, in use since c1200 b.c. as the religious and classical literary language of India. Abbreviation: Skt. |
| varnas | any of the four Hindu castes; Brahman, Kshatriya, Vaisya, or Sudra |
| caste system | the rigid Hindu system of hereditary social distinctions based on castes. |
| hinduism | he common religion of India, based upon the religion of the original Aryan settlers as expounded and evolved in the Vedas, the Upanishads, the Bhagavad-Gita, etc., having an extremely diversified character with many schools of philosophy and theology, many popular cults, and a large pantheon symbolizing the many attributes of a single god. Buddhism and Jainism are outside the Hindu tradition but are regarded as related religions. |
| karma | Hinduism, Buddhism. action, seen as bringing upon oneself inevitable results, good or bad, either in this life or in a reincarnation: in Hinduism one of the means of reaching Brahman. Compare bhakti |
| yoga. | a Hindu system of philosophy aiming at the mystical union of the self with the Supreme Being in a state of complete awareness and tranquillity through certain physical and mental exercises. |
| reincarnation | the belief that the soul, upon death of the body, comes back to earth in another body or form. |
| dharma | essential quality or character, as of the cosmos or one's own nature. conformity to religious law, custom, duty, or one's own quality or character. |
| buddhism | a religion, originated in India by Buddha (Gautama) and later spreading to China, Burma, Japan, Tibet, and parts of southeast Asia, holding that life is full of suffering caused by desire and that the way to end this suffering is through enlightenment that enables one to halt the endless sequence of births and deaths to which one is otherwise subject. |
| siddhartha gautama | Also called Butsu, Gautama, Gautama Buddha. (Prince Siddhāttha or Siddhartha) 566?–c480 b.c, Indian religious leader: founder of Buddhism. |
| nirvana | (often initial capital letter). Pali nibbana. Buddhism. freedom from the endless cycle of personal reincarnations, with their consequent suffering, as a result of the extinction of individual passion, hatred, and delusion: attained by the Arhat as his goal but postponed by the Bodhisattva. |
| noble truths | the eight pursuits of one seeking enlightenment, comprising right understanding, motives, speech, action, means of livelihood, effort, intellectual activity, and contemplation. |
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