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Flashcards by Malachy Moran-Tun, updated more than 1 year ago
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| Question | Answer |
| What is the Purpose of the Control Unit? | > Overall control of the CPU - Activates and communicates with all parts of the CPU (as well as other components of the computer) > Mainly executes program instructions via the F.D.E. cycle > Controls the flow of data inside and outside the CPU - Responsible for read and write requests to memory |
| What is the Purpose of the Program Counter? | > Holds the memory address of the next instruction to be fetched from RAM - Either incremented or changed via the CIR (if the code branches, in which case the previous value is added to a stack) > Works closely with the MAR - At the start of every cycle, the address in the PC is copied to the MAR |
| What is the Purpose of the Memory Address Register? | > Holds the address of the memory location from which data is to be read / written > Sends the address to memory down the Address Bus |
| What is the Purpose of the Memory Data Register? | > Holds the actual data received from RAM (or was written to RAM) > This data is sent from RAM down the Data Bus |
| What is the Purpose of the Current Instruction Register? | > Holds the instruction currently being executed > Contains the opcode and operand(s) of the current instruction - Opcode - the operation to be done to the data - Operand - the data affected by the operation |
| What is the Purpose of the Arithmetic Logic Unit? | > Performs arithmetic and logical operations of data - Includes addition, subtraction, multiplication, division, as well as bitwise shifts and logical operations (e.g., AND, OR, NOT etc.) |
| What is the Purpose of the Accumulator? | > Temporary register that stores the immediate results of calculations from the ALU |
| What is the Purpose of the Address Bus? | > Carries memory addresses from the MAR that identify where the data is being read from and written to |
| What is the Purpose of the Data Bus? | > Carries the binary data that makes up information (data and instructions) being transmitted to the MDR |
| What is the Purpose of the Control Bus? | > Carries command and control signals to and from every other component of the CPU, to ensure that everything stays synchronised |
| Generally, what is a Bus? | > A vehicle that is always dirty or > A group of parallel wires that connect CPU components in order to pass signals between them |
| What is a Bus Request and a Bus Grant? | > Request - indicates a device is requesting the use of the Data Bus > Grant - indicates the CPU has granted access to the Data Bus |
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