413843
Description
Flashcards by Nicole Lucas, updated more than 1 year ago
|
Created by Nicole Lucas
over 10 years ago
|
|
| Question | Answer |
| A patient is being discharged after 2 weeks of IV antibiotic therapy for acute osteomyelitis in the left leg. Which information will be included in the discharge teaching? a. The reason for taking oral antibiotics for 7 to 10 days after discharge b. The need for daily aerobic exercise to help maintain muscle strength c. How to monitor and care for the long-term IV catheter site d. How to apply warm packs safely to the leg to reduce pain | C. The patient will be on antibiotics for several months. |
| A patient has chronic osteomyelitis of the left femur, which is being managed at home with self-administration of IV antibiotics. On a home visit, the nurse identifies the nursing diagnosis of ineffective therapeutic regimen management when the nurse finds that the patient a. is unable to plantar-flex the foot on the affected side. b. uses crutches to avoid weight bearing on the affected leg. c. takes and records the oral temperature twice a day. d. is irritable and frustrated with the length of treatment required. | A. Foot drop indicates that the foot is not being maintained in a neutral position when using a splint. Using crutches and monitoring the oral temperature are appropriate self-care activities. Frustration with the length of treatment is not an indicator of ineffective management of the osteomyelitis. |
| Which statement by a patient who is scheduled for an above-the-knee amputation for treatment of an osteogenic sarcoma of the right tibia indicates that patient teaching is needed? a. “I wish that I did not have to have chemotherapy after this surgery.” b. “I do not mind the surgery because it will finally cure the cancer.” c. “I know that I will need lots of physical therapy after surgery.” d. “I will use the patient-controlled analgesia to help control my pain level after surgery.” | B. Osteogenic sarcoma is an aggressive cancer with early metastasis and is not considered cured by surgery alone. Postoperative chemotherapy will also be required. The other patient statements indicate that patient teaching has been effective. |
| A 20-year-old patient with a 6-year history of muscular dystrophy is hospitalized with a respiratory tract infection. Which nursing action will be included in the plan of care? a. Logroll the patient every 1 to 2 hours. b. Teach the patient about the muscle biopsy procedure. c. Provide the patient with a pureed diet. d. Assist the patient with active range-of-motion (ROM) exercises. | D. The goal for the patient with muscular dystrophy is to keep the patient active for as long as possible. The patient would not be confined to bed rest and would not require logrolling. Muscle biopsies are necessary to confirm the diagnosis but would not be ordered for a patient who already had a diagnosis. There is no indication that the patient requires a pureed diet. |
| The nurse identifies a nursing diagnosis of pain related to muscle spasms for a patient with acute low back pain associated with acute lumbosacral strain. An appropriate nursing intervention for this problem is to teach the patient to a. twist gently from side to side to maintain range-of-motion in the spine. b. place a small pillow under the upper back to flex the lumbar spine gently. c. keep the head elevated slightly and flex the knees when resting in bed. d. avoid the use of cold because it will exacerbate the muscle spasms. | C. Resting with the head elevated and knees flexed will reduce the strain on the back and decrease muscle spasms. Twisting from side to side will increase tension on the lumbar area. A pillow placed under the upper back will cause strain on the lumbar spine. Alternate application of cold and heat should be used to decrease pain. |
| A patient whose work involves loading and unloading boxes has a history of chronic back pain. Which statement after the nurse has taught the patient about correct body mechanics indicates that the teaching has been effective? a. “I plan to start doing sit-ups and leg lifts to strengthen the muscles of my back.” b. “I will try to sleep with my hips and knees extended to prevent back strain.” c. “I can tell my boss that I need to change to a job where I can work at a desk.” d. “I will keep my back straight when I need to lift anything higher than my waist.” | A. Sit-ups and leg lifts will help to strengthen the muscles that support the back. Flexion of the hips and knees places less strain on the back. Modifications in the way the patient lifts boxes are needed, but sitting for prolonged periods can aggravate back pain. The patient should not lift above the level of the elbows. |
| After teaching a patient with a bunion about how to prevent further problems, the nurse will determine that more teaching is needed if the patient says, a. “I will wear soft slippers whenever possible.” b. “I will throw away my high heel shoes.” c. “I will use the bunion pad to relieve the pain.” d. “I will take ibuprofen (Motrin) when I need it.” | A. The shank of the shoe should be rigid enough to support the foot. The other patient statements indicate that the teaching has been effective. |
| An assessment finding that alerts the nurse to the presence of osteoporosis in a middle-aged patient is a. the presence of bowed legs. b. measurable loss of height. c. an aversion to dairy products. d. statements about frequent falls. | B. Osteoporosis occurring in the vertebrae produces a gradual loss of height. Bowed legs are associated with osteomalacia. Low intake of dairy products is a risk factor for osteoporosis, but it does not indicate that osteoporosis is present. Frequent falls increase the risk for fractures but are not an indicator of osteoporosis |
| A 58-year-old woman who has been menopausal for 5 years is diagnosed with osteoporosis following densitometry testing. The woman has been concerned about her risk for osteoporosis because her mother has the condition. In teaching the woman about her osteoporosis, the nurse explains that a. with a family history of osteoporosis, there is no way to prevent or slow gradual bone resorption. b. estrogen replacement therapy must be started to prevent rapid progression of her osteoporosis. c. even with a family history of osteoporosis, the calcium loss from bones can be slowed by increased calcium intake and exercise. d. continuous, low-dose corticosteroid treatment is effective in stopping the course of osteoporosis. | C. Progression of osteoporosis can be slowed by increasing calcium intake and weight-bearing exercise. Estrogen replacement therapy does help to prevent osteoporosis, but it is not the only treatment and is not appropriate for some patients. Corticosteroid therapy increases the risk for osteoporosis. |
| The nurse determines that teaching regarding diet for a patient with osteoporosis has been successful when the patient selects which of these meals as having the highest amount of calcium? a. Sardine sandwich on whole wheat bread, one cup of fruit yogurt, and one cup of skim milk b. Two-egg omelet with American cheese, one slice of whole-wheat toast, and a half grapefruit c. Ham and Swiss cheese sandwich on whole-wheat bread, steamed broccoli, and an apple d. Chicken stir-fry with bok choy, onions, and snap peas and one cup of steamed brown rice | A. Sardines, yogurt, and milk are all high in calcium. The other choices have some foods that are high in calcium but also include foods that are low in calcium, such as eggs, apples, and grapefruit. |
| When administering alendronate (Fosamax) to a patient, the nurse will first a. administer the ordered calcium carbonate. b. be sure the patient has recently eaten. c. assist the patient to sit up at the bedside. d. ask about any leg cramps or hot flashes. | C. To avoid esophageal erosions, the patient taking bisphosphonates should be upright for at least 30 minutes after taking the medication. Fosamax should be taken on an empty stomach, not after taking other medications or eating. Leg cramps and hot flashes are not side effects of bisphosphonates. |
| When evaluating the effectiveness of treatment for a patient who is being treated for Paget’s disease with calcitonin (Cibacalcin) and ibandronate (Boniva), the nurse will ask the patient about a. weight loss. b. skeletal pain. c. decreased appetite. d. frequent cough. | B. Bone pain is one of the common early manifestations of Paget’s disease, and the nurse should ask about improvement in pain levels to determine whether the treatment is effective. Weight loss, anorexia, and frequent cough are not symptoms of Paget’s disease. |
| A patient is receiving gentamicin (Garamycin) 80 mg IV twice daily for acute osteomyelitis. Which action should the nurse take before administering the gentamicin? a. Obtain the patient’s oral temperature. b. Review the patient’s BUN and creatinine levels. c. Ask the patient about any nausea. d. Change the wet-to-dry dressing. | B. Gentamicin is nephrotoxic and can cause renal failure. Monitoring the patient’s temperature before gentamicin administration is not necessary. Nausea is not a common side effect of IV gentamicin. There is no need to change the dressing before gentamicin administration. |
| When planning care for a patient who will be treated with 2 days of bed rest for low back pain, which intervention will the nurse include? a. Telling the patient about the importance of a high fiber and fluid intake b. Instructing the patient to avoid positioning the knee in the flexed position c. Educating the patient that continuous heat application will reduce pain d. Teaching the patient that the prone position will help relieve back pain | A. Prevention of constipation caused by immobility is a goal for the patient with low back pain. The knee should be flexed to prevent pressure on the muscles and support structures of the spine. Heat and cold should be alternated. The prone position places more strain on the back and should be avoided. |
Want to create your own Flashcards for free with GoConqr? Learn more.